Mawng Dictionary

Mawng

K - k

ke��iv. go. Marrik yang. ‘He is not going.’ Yuran Wiyarla kiwani. ‘He has gone to stay at Wiyarla.’ Awangkung apuwuning karwuluk. ‘They used to go digging yams.’ Marryun awuran pu kiyap pata tuwarlkparrakanut. ‘The boys went after fish for the old people.’ See:�kerra�‘go around’. Category:�General terms.

kerra akak��coverb. (Human) eat left overs, pick up off the ground and eat discarded food, for example dogs eating out of rubbish bins. Category:�Hunting.

kempijin��iv. laugh. Ngapi ngampijin. ‘I am laughing.’ Pa awampijiny. ‘After they laughed.’ See:�kilarampijin�‘smile’; kiniwulati�‘make laugh’; kinimalngama�‘laugh at’. Category:�Play, perform, joke.

ka₁��interjection. thank you, I receive it from you. Anth: Spoken with expectation of receiving. See:�nya�‘take it!’. Category:�Language.

ka₂��part. about, concerning. Luluj ka. ‘It is about the dog.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kajarlat��noun. large mullet, possibly large Blue-tail Mullet, while smaller specimens are warrgirra. Valamugil buchanani. See:�wuta�‘mullet’; walka�‘very small mullet’; warrgirra�‘small mullet’. Category:�Mullets. Anth: Found in the deep ocean.

kajurlk��noun. rapids, floods, turbulent waters. Category:�Water bodies.

kak��interjection. don't do it! This form is children's language, that is, a mother uses it to a small child. Category:�Language.

kakarlukpa warraka��noun. Jakana, lotus bird. Irediparra gallinacea. See:�kinnyarlukpa�‘to precede a sibling in birth order’. Category:�Small birds.

kakawarr��noun. messenger for kurnapipi ceremony. Anth: For the dua ceremony the messenger must be yirridja See:�purlku�‘messenger for mardayin ceremony’; kurnapipi�‘big ceremony that is run by the duwa side’. Category:�Peoples and clans, General ritual.

kakkak��noun. reciprocal, mother's mother and siblings, (a woman's) daughter's children. See:�wiwi�‘mother's mother’. Category:�family, inc moieties. Note: This Kunwinjku term is often used in place of the Mawng term wiwi Variant:�Kunwinjku.

kakurl��noun. sugar, wild.honey. This is the big name for all types of wild honey. Yangkung kakurl yarntakpung. ‘He used to go off and get honey.’ See:�mawurlu�‘honey type’; kupulak�‘honey type’; wirlan�‘wild honey hive’; wirnamu�‘honey type’; wimparr�‘honey type’; ajput�‘sand, beach’; karlakurr�‘too sweet’. Category:�Bees and honey.

kakurlkakurl��noun. Emu berry. Anth: Fruit is eaten. Grewia retusifolia. Variant:�Iwaidja: Kakurlkakurl. Syn:�kurrunnyurrun. Category:�Trees and bushes, Plant food.

kal��coverb. lie with head on a pillow. Palungang ja katju kal. ‘A pillow is what we lie (our head) on.’ Syn:�kilakpalkarin. See:�kalkal�‘fish at full tide’. Category:�Remain stationary.

kalagala��noun. tail, including fish tail. See:�kinilagalun�‘drag, push’. Category:�Organs and torso, Fish bodyparts.

kalajparri��noun. Frigate bird. Seabird with a forked tail that flies at a great height. Family fregatidae, e.g. Fregata ariel. Anth: Legend has it that this forked tail was originally a firestick. When they see a big wind, they fly and stop the wind Kapuwun marlu mata kalajparri. ‘The frigate birds stop the wind.’ Category:�Small birds.

kalakalak��noun. male fowl, hen. Ngampi ja kinila karlakarlak? ‘Which one eats chickens?’ Category:�Introduced animals.

kalakkalak��noun. Banded Wobbegong. Orectolobus ornatus. See:�kurruwilku�‘Wobbegong’. Category:�Sharks.

kalalk��noun. clear weather, clear sky. Syn:�kunu, apijpirr. See:�kuwinu�‘cloudy sky’. Category:�Sky.

kalamparak��noun. 1�•�perspiration. Kangpani nuyu kalamparak ‘He's sweating’. Category:�Secretions and substances.

2�•�feel hot and sweaty, have fever. Usage:�occurs with kimaju and kinima in sickness construction. MA subject for RU,3GEN subject for E. Naka kalamparak kingama. ‘He's hot and sweaty’. Nganngawun kalamparak akut. ‘I always get hot (e.g. whenever I walk)’. Anturrangkakany kalamparak. ‘You are sweating’. See:�wuwukuwuk�‘feel hot to touch’. Category:�Secretions and substances, Discomfort and pain.

kalankalan��noun. Moon sparkle on water. Ta nungpaka ngatpin kalankalan ngatja. ‘We call that 'kalankalan' and we go then.’ See:�kalang�‘clear skies’. Category:�Colours and light.

kalannyun��noun. 1�•�Window Pane Oyster, a large flat round oyster. Typelacuna placenta. Variant:�Iwaidja: kalanyun. Nuka ja kalannyun. ‘This is kalannyun.’ Anth: Traditionally used to cut the umbilical cord of newborns. Category:�Shellfish.

2�•�shoulder blade. See:�muki�‘belly button’. Category:�Organs and torso.

3�•�hard cash, money. Syn:�rrupiya. Category:�Other.

kalang��noun. fishing line, thicker type of the sort pulled from a moving boat. Kalang mata wakij ngatpiny use ngarrima kiyap. ‘Kalang is a fishing line we use to get fish.’ See:�wakij�‘fishing line’. Category:�Items for fishing.

coverb. trawl for fish. Arrkpana kalang. ‘Let's go trawling.’ Kawungurrin kalang. ‘They went trawling.’ See:�lurrjakaj�‘fish from boat’; kalankalan�‘moon sparkle on water’. Category:�Hunting.

kalawitpit��noun. seagull type. Category:�Small birds.

kaliko��noun. clothes. Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

kaliku��noun. material. Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items. From: calico.

kaliwang��noun. cane knife. Category:�Other.

kalk��coverb. Restrict:�GEN subject 1�•�be in a line, queue. Kinypet kalk ta kawarra warak pata arrarrkpi. ‘They walk in line as they go along, those men.’ See:�walk�‘circumcise’. Category:�Arrangement.

2�•�chop. Ngatingan kalk ‘We chopped’. Category:�Divide, cut, tear.

kalkal��coverb. 1�•�fish at full tide. Awuran kalkal pata marryun. ‘The young men went fishing at full tide.’ Category:�Hunting.

2�•�hunt in mangroves. Kawarra kalkal, kawuken yagaru. ‘They hunt in the mangroves, walking on the mangrove roots, looking for stingray.’ See:�kal�‘lie with head on pillow’. Category:�Hunting.

kalmaya��noun. green tree ant. Oecophylla smaragdina. Variant:�Iwaidja: Kardngka buyi (may refer to ant nest). Nukapa kalmaya yarukiny ngartu. ‘That ant's climbed up on me.’ Category:�Insects, Medicine.

kaluku��noun. 1�•�coconut tree. Muka mata kaluku. ‘This is a Coconut tree.’ Category:�Trees and bushes, Introduced plants, Dye and fibre plants. Anth: This is the only type of palm tree not covered by the generic term marruny. Ash is mixed with alangunta to create a different dye colour for baskets.

2�•�coconut fruit. Category:�Plant food.

kalumang��noun. plank, flat board or surface. Category:�Tools, men's.

kalurru��noun. cigarette. Category:�Toxic plants.

kaluwa��noun. 1�•�black-and-white mud snake, lies inside the mud holes amongst the mangrove roots. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians.

2�•� See:�wirngijpirngij�‘snake eel type’. Category:�Herring.

kalwirruk nuyu��noun. hardened, old, or cooked egg white. See:�kurlajuk�‘egg’. Category:�Bird foods.

karl��coverb. crawl. Category:�Horizontal movements.

arlkarl��coverb. Category:�Horizontal movements.

karlajarr��noun. deaf person, mentally deficient person. Anth: Can be used as a term of affection or abuse. Yanat karlajarr. ‘He is deaf’. Category:�Physical disability and injury, Mental disability.

karlakurr��noun. too sweet, a lot of sweet substance in (eg. tea). See:�kakurl�‘sugar’. Category:�Illness. Anth: used of any honey or sugar

karlampa��crossreference. See:�arlampa�‘ceremonial headband’.

karlapuk��interjection. be quiet! Category:�Language.

karlarrk��noun. green parrot, Red-winged parrot. Aprosmictus erythropterus?. See:�wilakpilak. Category:�Small birds.

karlawijiwiji��noun. 1�•�soft part of the pandanus stem which can be eaten. It is also used as a green dye for making baskets. Pandanus spiralis, Pandanus aquaticus. See:�Murwala�‘Pandanus palm’. Category:�Plant parts, Palms, Plant food, Dye and fibre plants.

2�•�a type of stitch used in pandanus work. Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

karligarli��noun. throwing stick. Category:�Tools, men's.

karliwirrk��coverb. Restrict:�MA object run away from. Ngapi ngimany karliwirrk. ‘I ran away from it.’ Kumanyi karliwirrka! ‘Run fast!’ Koka ta kanyiga! ‘Hurry!’ Category:�Walking.

karlki��noun. tadpole. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians.

karlngirr��noun. 1�•�small circular body cicatrices usually across chest. See:�marnkitarr�‘tribal cicatrices below breast, also general term’; kanyjarrk�‘tribal cicatrices above breast line’. Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

2�•�pandanus fruit. This name includes the entire fruit and also the white stuff inside the fruit segments that taste like peanut butter. Pandanus spiralis, Pandanus basedowii. Variant:�Iwaidja: ngalkbunu (fruit segments) and yiyandul (see). Tuka karlngirr ta taka. ‘This one is karlngirr.’ See:�Murwala�‘Pandanus palm’. Category:�Plant parts, Palms, Plant food. Anth: Can be eaten. You can suck on the outside of the fruit which is sweet and also cut the woody fruit segments open and eat the white stuff in the middle.

karlngkarlng��noun. old mawany lily root. Eleocharis dulcis. See:�mawany�‘lily root’. Category:�Tubers.

karlpu��noun. round ended spear thrower, used with four-pronged fish spear. See:�worntok�‘spear thrower’. Category:�Tools, men's.

Karlurrangken��noun. place name. Category:�Place names.

karlurri��noun. 1�•�bird. Usage:�Takes plural agreement when plural unlike karlurri, and most other non-human terms Wimurra pata karlurri tuka Wartpen. ‘There are lots of birds on Wartpen island.’ Ngawuneyawng wimurra pata karlurri. ‘I saw a lot of birds.’ Kinyarra murlmurl jita karlurri. ‘Diving bird.’ Category:�Small birds.

2�•�generic term used for all types of animals or meat that does not include fish. Wakapa ta ilij kawunnyutpa ja nakapa ja karlurri. ‘Over there is where that creature put them all.’ Imurra ja karlurri tuka mantanti. ‘There's a lot of animals on the mainland.’ Ngawuneyawng wimurra: (then list animals) ‘I saw a lot: (then give list, you can't say pata karlurri here and mean 'animals' rather than 'birds')’. See:�kurrulawagen�‘seafood’; arukin�‘serpent’; kurnapipi�‘ceremony’. Category:�General.

3�•�ceremony type. Yirritja side ceremony comparable to Kunapipi. Kayirrkju kiwurtin parak tuka karlurri. ‘Only now are they going inland to the ceremony.’ Inyuran jita karlurri. ‘The ceremony has moved.’ Category:�General ritual.

karlurrkarlurrk��noun. 1�•�Blue-winged kookaburra. Dacelo leachii. Category:�Small birds.

2�•�generic for Kingfishers. See:�jirriyingking�‘Tiny bright blue kingfishers’. Category:�Small birds.

karluwa��noun. Bockadam - snake species. Category:�Snakes.

karlwa��noun. 1�•�yellow clay. Yamin ja kilartpin ta karlwa. ‘The other one painted himself with yellow clay.’ La anpalartpin karlwa mata murgun. ‘And paint yourself with raw yellow clay.’ La karlwa ngalartpin mata murgun. ‘And paint with clay, the raw one.’ See:�kurrut�‘red clay’; kujurn�‘white clay’; kurut�‘colour that pandanus can be dyed’. Category:�Soil, General ritual.

2�•�yellow colour. Nuwurnnyak karlwa. ‘It has yellow (stripe) (description of a fish with a single yellow stripe down the centre).’ Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items, Colours and light.

Karlwirruk��noun. place name. Category:�Place names.

kamaju��noun. a type of mamurr, local ceremony. A funeral ceremony at which Nginji and Inyjalarrku are sung. Nakapa ja kamaju. ‘That's kamaju.’ See:�minyngu�‘ceremony type’. Category:�Mourning.

kamalangaliki��iv. Restrict:�VE subject used to refer to trees growing close together. kamalangaliki. ‘They're standing together’. Puka pata arrarrkpi la jita warramumpik kapula walij tuka warlk kamalangaliki. ‘These men and women are eating where the trees are standing.’ See:�kilangali�‘stand’. Category:�General terms.

kamarlkpakpa��noun. burning season, around June, when people light a lot of grass fires. Anth: When the bush starts to dry off, May and June, when a lot of burning occurs. Same time as people look for freshwater tortoise and wallaby. Kayirrkapa kamarkpakpa. ‘Now it's the dry season, the time of burning off.’ Malany awaninganapa ta marlkpakpangung nakapa anmajunmajungan. ‘Later when they came towards the time of burning off, the water got low.’ See:�kamarkpa�‘burn’; manarkpakpa�‘early part of the dry season’. Category:�Longer.

kamamalkpajpungkun��noun. morning star. See:�kimalkpa�‘arrive’; nakurrututu�‘Boxfish’. Category:�Sky.

kamanilanta wurak��noun. Takita's Mudskipper. Periophthalmus takita. Variant:�Iwaidja: Mirdijululu. Syn:�murlayintayin, murrwa rlaprlap yirnkirr. See:�wurak�‘guts’; kinilanta�‘feeds on, feed’. Category:�Fish.

kamanimirrkpungku��tv. Restrict:�VE object pull up (grass). Nganymirrkpungkunang mirlak. ‘I was pulling up grass.’ Kamanimirrkpungku. ‘He's pulling up grass.’ Category:�Transfer.

kamaniwakpi��tv. Restrict:�VE object play didgeridoo, either alone or with other musicians. La Kuminymurlu maniwakpung nuyu mata arawirr. ‘And Guminmurlu, he played the didgeridoo for him.’ maniwakpukpung See:�wituwitu�‘play solo digeridoo’. Category:�Play, perform, joke.

kamaniwarnukpun��tv. Restrict:�VE object lie stretched out, bend down. Arukin maniwarnukpung tuka alan. ‘The snake lay stretched out on the path.’ Yarran parak maniwarnukpung. ‘He bent over.’ Category:�Remain stationary.

kamaniwarawn��tv. Restrict:�VE object light a cooking fire. Light any small wooden object. Mampuwarawng yungku la iwuwunyantung tuka kirrwara. ‘They lit a fire and heated the outside part of it.’ Nginji amirawng kirrk kayirrk la ngatawarawng. ‘They sung Nginji and then we lit the fire.’ Ngatawarawngapa ngatawunyan mata, nganangka. mata manyatpung Nawurlany, imajungan. ‘We lit the fire, we burned the clapsticks that Nawurlany used, who died.’ See:�kiniyiti�‘light a grass fire’; kininilakpalunya�‘light a fire using another fire’. Category:�Fire.

kamaniwunpurrkut��tv. Restrict:�VE object mother's brother's son. See:�marrakarrak�‘mother's cousin, brother's cousin, father's sister's cousin’; ingalalk�‘woman's son, man's sister's son (of a man), mother's brother’; purrkut�‘grouped’; kamangawunpurrkut�‘mother's brother's daughter’. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kamaniwurakpi��tv. Restrict:�VE object stand ready to throw a harpoon from the front of the boat. Category:�Hunting.

kamannyatpalan��tv. Restrict:�VE object 1�•�open variety of things such as a house (via door) or can of fruit. Take bark off a tree. manyatpalanti, kamanyatpalan, kamangatpalan ‘she's opening it’. Nganti mannyatpalantiny ja window? ‘Who opened the window?’ Mannyatpalantiny ja purrupurrukang inimanyka ja phone nuyu. ‘He opened up his bag and he took out his phone.’ Annyeng ta waryatapa mannyatpalantinyapa. ‘He smashed the rock and the place was opened up (for other people to work in).’ See:�put�‘close’. Ant:�kinimarrkuta. Category:�Manipulation.

Restrict:�GEN subject 2�•�sprout (from a seed). Kamangatpalakan ngarntawl. ‘Speargrass sprouts.’ Category:�General terms.

kamarnmurrka��crossreference. See:�aparlmurrka�‘Rock Pandanus’.

kamarkpa��iv. Restrict:�VE subject 1�•�the area is burning off, can refer to grass fires seen from far away, volanoes. Mata mirlak kamarkpa. ‘The grass is burning.’ markpany ‘area be burnt out’. Wula marlkpangung antangung ‘A volcano is burning, burning.’ See:�kamarlkpakpa�‘burning season’. Category:�Fire.

2�•�wanting a fight. Yarran markpany kirrk ta wanji la imarrk. ‘He wants to fight in his head and in his stomach.’ Ngapi kunpanawun murnin kamarlkpaga wanyji. ‘I'm going to hit you because I'm getting angry.’ Kingawun lirri marnti kulakajpun markpang. ‘He's angry it might not be good if you ask him something as he's angry. Don't go and say anything to him because he's angry, angry.’ Syn:�lirri. Category:�Hate, anger.

3�•�the ground is burning hot. Note: Can just mean that ground is hot, without any implication that burning has occurred. For example, the ground may be hot because of the sun. See:�mawatpu�‘area be burnt out’. Category:�Soil.

kamarriyuwun��noun. widow, widower, miscarriage. Category:�Females. Usage:�HH noted that this term was used to refer to Ronald Lamilami after his wife passed away.

kamatangaliki��iv. Restrict:�VE obj tree fall over. Category:�Trees and bushes, Vertical motion.

kamaw��iv. See main entry: kiw.

kamawarlkanyi��iv. Restrict:�VE subject fall, fall down. mawarlkanyiny, mawarlkanya, manawarlkanyi. Ngarrkarrk mutika mawarlkanyi. ‘Two cars have crashed.’ Yanat animany karrkarrk la mawarlkanyiny. ‘He missed his footing and fell.’ Yarntakpungapa wakapa mawarlkenyiny mata warral. ‘He chopped down that Warral tree there.’ See:�kiwrlgen�‘enter, go in’; kangulkpuni�‘fall’. Category:�Vertical motion.

kamawarak��noun. 1�•�hammerhead shark. See:�wampa�‘shark (generic)’. Sphyrna spp.. Category:�Sharks.

2�•�Lemon Shark. Negaprion acutidens. Category:�Sharks.

kamiru��noun. RRadjah Shelduck, Burdekin duck. Tadorna radjah. Category:�Small birds.

kampenpun��noun. glasses, reading glasses. Ja arrarrkpi la warramumpik kampen mun kawukunyjilin ja kampenpun ‘The man and woman are wearing glasses, then they exchange the glasses.’ Kampenpun. ‘Their glasses.’ ja kampenpun. ‘their glasses’. kampen wun ‘eyeglasses’. See:�wun (kinnyen)�‘wear glasses’. Category:�Other.

kamu��noun. mother, mother's sisters, father's other wives and her sisters. See:�kamumu�‘middle-aged woman’; warra kamumu�‘women’. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kamulwarrakan��noun. a person who is part Aborigine. Category:�Peoples and clans.

kamurlu��noun. Flathead. Platycephalidae; Platycephalus arenarius. See:�kanima ngarrk kunak�‘Flathead’. Category:�Fish.

kamumu��noun. a middle aged woman. warra kamumu. See:�kamu�‘mother’. Category:�Ages.

kamung��noun. sandhill. See:�kamungkamung�‘along the sandhills’; murrgun�‘earthen hill’; waryat�‘mountain’. Category:�Large features.

kamungkamung��adverb. along the sandhills, i.e. just behind the beach. Mm kamungkamung yarrangung aniyarrukuning. ‘Mm he was going along following the sand dunes.’ See:�kamung�‘sandhill’; ajputajput�‘along the beaches’. Category:�Activity manner.

kanalk��noun. undeveloped turtle eggs inside the mother. Anth: They are yellow and edible. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians.

kani��LOC.ADV. here. Kani kiwani. ‘Here he is.’ Ta waliwali ta kanyu ta apaka la kani ta karrkpin. ‘The corals are there and they take up a large area.’ kaniga ‘further this way’. Category:�Location and distance.

kanilaka��tv. Restrict:�LL object noisy, chattering. Can also be used to describe things, such as the air-conditioner. kangaka ‘she is noisy’. La ngarukin mira, ngarralyu ja miri, kangpulaka ja kamitjan ta warak, ngatpin pu, "Makiny, yunyi kurruntaka, la marlakan". ‘We get right up and if we hear the paddle, if they make a loud noise with their paddling we say to them "No, don't make a loud noise, go slowly."’ Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kanilakalkun��tv. Restrict:�LL object go to shore. Kanilakalkun. ‘He goes to the beach.’ Category:�Motion relating to water. Note: May be better translated as 'land boat'

katilakpanpun�� Restrict:�LL object 1: kanilakpanpun�•�tv. have full cheeks, be chewing on some food, bite tongue or a biting bag. Ngalakpanpun (*ja nangartam). ‘I'm biting my own cheek.’ See:�paltak�‘biting bag’. Category:�Illness.

Restrict:�ED object 2: katilakpanpun�•�tv. have food in mouth, be biting food in mouth, be chewing. Katilakpanpun ta walij. ‘Nominal not necessary, so sounds a bit funny.’ Category:�Illness.

kinilakpankukpun��tv. same meaning as kanilakpanpan.

kanilakpartpanpun��tv. Restrict:�LL object pant. Nguntakpartpanpun. ‘I am panting.’ See:�mangmang�‘pant’; ngangang�‘pant’. Category:�Automatic actions.

kanilakpuni��tv. Restrict:�LL object Dig out with mouth and eat, eg. dugong or a pig rooting out seaweed or roots. See:�kanimuni�‘root up’. Category:�Manipulation.

kanilakpunya��tv. Restrict:�LL object cook meat by placing it raw in the already heated sand and cooking it with a coal fire on top. Only used for meat. Kanilakpunya ja yirratat. Kangalakpunya. ‘She's cooking the meat.’ Kinilakpunya ja yirratat. See:�kiniwunya�‘cook’; kinilakpunyanpunya�‘answer back’; kinilakpuya�‘he is covering him’. Category:�Cooking.

kanilalkpa��Restrict:�LL object cutting across country. Can be cutting ahead of someone or just taking a short cut off the road. Anilalkpany. ‘He cut ahead of us (taking a short cut)’. Anilalkpany ta alan. ‘He took a short cut down a road.’ Ngamilang nguntalkpany. ‘I went too fast and missed a bit (lit: took a shortcut)’. See:�kinilalku�‘cut’. Category:�Movement relating to fixed point, Movement relating to moving object, Language.

kanilijpa��tv. Restrict:�LL object fetch water. kangalijpun, kangpulijpun. Ngarruran ngarruntijpung wupaj ngapiliyanat. ‘We went to fetch water, me and him.’ anilijpuning ngartu ‘he fetched water for me’. Kanilijpun kurrula. ‘I am collecting seawater.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kanima ngarrk kunak��noun. Flathead, ?Flounder, ?Sole. Platycephalidae; Platycephalus arenarius. See:�kamurlu�‘Flathead’; ngarrk�‘take hold of, put it together, heap it up’. Category:�Fish.

kanimarili��tv. Restrict:�LL object hook spear into spear thrower, take aim. See:�kamaniwurakpi�‘stand ready to throw harpoon’. Category:�Manipulation, Hunting.

kanimarrajpi��tv. Restrict:�LL object feel about for food animals with hands or feet, in ground covered by a shallow layer of water. Anth: For example when looking for cockles in the sand. Kinypani kangamarrajpi and kingama ja ngarnji. ‘She's digging around under water and gets ngarnji cockles.’ Kangkumarrajpikpi kiwuma martpoj. ‘They are feeling around underwater, getting martpoj cockles.’ See:�kanimarrajpun�‘He walks’. Category:�Hunting.

kanimarrajpun��tv. Restrict:�LL object walk, travel on foot (but also includes other types of movement.) Anth: Used to specify that someone going by foot rather than using another mode of transport. Ngungmarrajpung ajput. ‘I walked on the sand/beach.’ Ngungmarrajpung yulngpuj. ‘I'm walking in a lot of dust.’ Arta yirrik ankakujpina la ngungpurrun wularrutapa ja arukin ngungpurrun kanimarrajpunka yanatapa arrunpaningartpanpun aralpa. ‘Won't you be quiet! Probably the snake is already coming to get us.’ See:�kanimarajpi�‘feel about with hands or feet’. Category:�Walking.

kanimarranmarranyi��tv. Restrict:�LL object flap hands, arms, (bird) fly, wave a lot. See:�kanimarranyi�‘wave’. Category:�Change stance.

kanimarranyi��tv. Restrict:�LL object wave, for example hand or a shirt. Pajupaju kanimarranyi. ‘He's waving a shirt.’ Pata ngarrkarrk arrarrkpi kangkumarranyiwu pata wera pata arrarrkpi. ‘Two men are waving to the other men.’ See:�kanimarranmarranyi�‘flap arms’; yurnu ta karrungmarranyi�‘hand’. Category:�Manipulation. Note: Cannot take 'ta yurnu' or 'imawurr' as objects.

kanimuni��tv. Restrict:�LL object root up the ground looking for food as a pig does. See:�kanilakpuni�‘root out’. Category:�Manipulation, Hunting.

kanimuni kunak��phrase. pig. Syn:�pikipiki. Category:�Mammals.

kaningartpulawn��tv. Restrict:�MA subject ; LL object water pour on head of. Kaningartpulawn wupaj tuka wanji nuyu. ‘I poured water on his head.’ Kaningartpulawn nuyu (wupaj tuka wanji). ‘I poured water on his head.’ See:�kiningarulawn�‘pour over, pour out’. Category:�Manipulation.

kaningulkparrki��tv. Restrict:�LL object bow head and look towards the ground, a polite way to act in certain situations. Kaningulkparrki kannyeyan ta kunak. ‘He bows his head, looks down at the ground. (for example if he feels sick)’. Kangangulkparrki kanngayan ta kunak. ‘She bows her head, looks down at the ground.’ Kaningulkparrki tuka kunak. ‘He is bowing his head to the ground’. See:�kiniwulkparrki�‘stomach rumble (masculine sub)’. Ant:�katingarntalgan. Category:�Change stance.

kaningurlkunji��tv. Restrict:�LL object stirred up dirty water on incoming tide when strong winds are blowing. Can also be water that is stirred up due to the activity of fish at high tide. Anth: Occurs at time of full moon. See:�ngurlk�‘murky stirred up water’. Category:�Water bodies.

kaningurtpulukpun��tv. Restrict:�LL object put in water, drown. Kaningurtpulukpun ta wupaj. ‘He put (the bucket) in the water.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kaningurtpulwarrki��tv. Restrict:�LL object put more water into something to fill it up. For example: when someone adds a bit of cold water to their tea to cool it down. Kaningurtpulwarrki ta wupaj. ‘Fill it up with water.’ See:�kiniwulawkun�‘fill up’. Category:�Manipulation, Arrangement.

kaniwurulkpun��tv. Restrict:�LL object clean up area, house, yard, clean area outside by clearing vegetation. Ngungpawurulkpun. ‘I will clean up.’; Kaniwurulkpukpun., Kangawurulkpukpun.. Angkuwurulkpung mampakan mampulalkukunyapa mata nakawkapa mata nganykarrarr. ‘They cleaned up, cut them down and then cut them up into small pieces, all those mangroves.’ Angkuwurulkpukpuning. ‘They cleaned up every camp.’ Kangpuwurulkpun kunak. ‘They keep the place clean (translation of a sign for council)’. Category:�General.

kaniyalgan��tv. Restrict:�LL object any type of hunting. Includes sea or land hunting, meat, fish or vegetable foods. Kaniyalgan ngartu. ‘He's hunting for me.’ "Makiny la arrkpanawunju karlurri arrkpanarra matmat yurrng nuyu ja arrkpana arrungpayalgan arranama ja kiyap." ‘"We will have to change into birds and fly in the sky to hunt for our fish."’ La ngarri ta wularrut naka ngarrungjalgakantung ta walij la karlurri ta ngarru wiyu. Syn:�mirrmirr (kerra). Category:�Hunting.

kaniyawun��tv. Restrict:�LL object Dig with a stick or other long implement. Can describe digging a trench, digging for crabs, mawugany, or miyulum. kangayawun ‘she is digging it.’. La, ngatpiny pu ngawu kurrunjawuni tuka arrawunya, ja naputjanputjan. ‘And we said to them, "Come, dig a hole, that's where we'll burn these clothes."’ Kunak, Makiny tuka kunak, Kapin kanipa, Kaniyawun, kelkpa. ‘No, in the ground, there, he dug and laid an egg.’ Awuran angkuyawung karwuluk ngartu. ‘They went digging and got some Karwuluk yams for me.’ See:�kiwartpun�‘dig for water (with hands or shell)’; kiniwun�‘dig with the hands’. Category:�Manipulation.

kannyarlan��tv. Restrict:�LL object Divide, halve. annyarlantiny ‘He divided it and gave it away (land).’ Yangkung aniyarlatuny ngaw ja iminy mawawiny. ‘He would give half to his future mother-in-law.’ angarlantiny ‘Water split the two islands’. See:�yarrk�‘split open’; kiniwilkpun�‘divide and share’; kiningarlan�‘divide up’; jarrk�‘break open’. Category:�Transfer, Divide, cut, tear, Social responsibilities and events.

lv.

kannyarlawn��tv. Restrict:�LL object scoop it (earth) out. Kannyarlawn ta ajput. ‘He is scooping out the sand.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kannyujpakpa��tv. Restrict:�LL object breastfeed. kannyujpakpa ‘he sucks the breast’. See:�kiwujpa�‘lick’. Category:�Reproduction, Illness.

kannyunmen��tv. Restrict:�LL object try. See:�kiwnmen�‘try’; kinnyunma�‘measure’; rturr�‘try persistently’. Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

kantajiki��noun. nostrils. See:�kilaji�‘hungry, empty’. Category:�Head.

kantakij��noun. red kangaroo. Category:�Mammals.

kantakparrki��iv. Restrict:�LL subject (Spear) land by becoming lodged in the ground. mamurnanganiny anjirla antakparrkjiny waka wiyu tuka ilangaling. ‘it bounced back and lodged in the ground next to where he stood.’ Kantakparrki tuka kunak (*ta kunak) ‘It cut into the ground.’ Kantakparrki ta kunak. ‘A spear is lodged in the ground.’ See:�kinilakparrki�‘cut meat out of a clam’. Category:�Pierce, shoot.

kantawulmurra��noun. turtle, small hawksbill. See:�majirnti�‘large hawksbill turtle’. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians.

kantawurlalkpa��noun. gully, ditch, probably others. Category:�Smaller features.

kantawumurra��noun. turtle of similar size to Majirnti, but may be a different species. See:�majirnti�‘large hawksbill turtle’. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians.

kantijawa��noun. flour. Category:�Plant food, Introduced plants.

kantikikpuliwanyji��noun. small size Sand mullet (death taboo term). Myxus elongatus. See:�wuta�‘a very large mullet, Diamond Mullet’. Syn:�warrgirra. Category:�Mullets. Anth: This is a nickname used because the 'real' name is under death taboo.

kantuntun��iv. earth rumble. kanuntunka ‘they heard the snake coming from far away’; kiluntun. Parang apa la wularrut awalyungan ta kunak antuntunang. ‘They felt that the earth was shaking.’ See:�kiniluntu�‘scold, make sorcery on’. Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kanya��iv. It (Land) goes. See main entry: ke.

kanyjarrk��noun. tribal cicatrices above breast line. See:�karlngirr�‘small circular body cicatrices usually across chest’; marnkitarr�‘tribal cicatrices below breast, also general term’. Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

kanyngan��noun. red crab fat. See:�wilnguk�‘fat of red coloured crab’. Category:�Crustaceans.

kanyu��iv. You lie. See main entry: kiw.

lv.

kanyung��noun. man's ngaya. Like ngaya but only for men. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kangarntalwarran��iv. Restrict:�LL subject glow in the distance (eg. of a campfire seen in the distance, or light from fires on Weyirra see n from Warruwi). angarntalwarrantiny. Nuka yungku kamangarntalwarran/kangarntalwarran. ‘There is a fire far away.’ Koyanti kangarntalwarran warak mata yungku. ‘Look there's a red glow in the sky from fires burning over the mainland.’ See:�kinnyurntulwarran�‘gut’; kinyurntulwarran�‘menstruate’; katingarntalgan�‘look up at’; kangmurlwarran�‘brown’. Category:�Colours and light.

kangmarrangulin��iv. Restrict:�LL subject 1�•�something cause person to think back to old times and people who are no longer around. Cause is typically a type of wind, first rains of the season or a place. person. Kangmarrangulin kapa Wigu. ‘It (the wind) makes me think of Wigu.’ Kiwanipa kaniwurrun. Kangmarrangulin ta kiwani turuyga. ‘He sits and thinks. He reminisces when the first rains of the season come.’ (Ta kunak) Kangmarrangulin ja ngimalkpany inimang ilijap. ‘It reminds me of when my son was small.’ Kangmarrangulin kapa Wigu. ‘It (the wind) makes me think of Wigu.’ See:�aparranguliny�‘ripe’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

2�•�song be well performed, move audience. Pa arrarrkpi like kimirawn, tapa karrkpin nuyu "Kangmarrangulin nuwu", kangmarrangulin nuyu. ‘Like he sings a sweet song, breaks our heart.’ Then awarranapa more singing, amiyawng, amiyawng, amiyawng parangapa la angmarrangulinganapa. ‘Then they kept singing, singing, singing until finally they could sing it well’. Arlarrarr akutju, not really angmarrangulin angarra. ‘Still it didn't sound good, didn't really go along nicely.’ Category:�Sorrow, happiness.

3�•�favourite.place. Kangmarrangulin Martpalk. ‘Good country, good home.’ Kunak kangmarrangulin. ‘(This is) my favourite place’. Ah, nganamurnanganiga Croker ta kangmarrangulin. ‘Oh I might go to Croker which is my favourite place.’ Category:�Goodness.

kangmarryi��noun. a corner, winding. Category:�Land features.

kangmarti��iv. Usage:�female referent breasts be grown, i.e. girl be grown up into young girl. kangmartiki ‘plural form’. See:�wungumpuli yitpiyitpi�‘younger teenage girl’. Category:�Females.

kangmurlwarra��iv. Restrict:�LL subject brown. Ja nukapa ngarrungayan ngurlk tuka, kangmurlwarran ngurlk. marntingunyuny, ngungpurrun ilijpakpa ke marntingunyuny. ‘We see the stirred up water where it's brown. Maybe there's a baby dugong here.’ Kangmurlwarran ta ngurlk. ‘The murky water is brown.’ See:�kangarntalwarran�‘glow’; kinyurntulwarran�‘menstruate’; kiniwarran�‘butcher’. Category:�Colours and light.

kangmungkurri��noun. shoes. Ja luluj kinimanpun manpurrwa tuka marryun la kinimanpun dress tuka warrawurnji? ‘Is the dog biting the clothes on the boy and biting the dress on the girl?’ Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

kangparnpalarrkpi��iv. Restrict:�LL subject valley, ravine. See:�kantawurlalkpa�‘gully, ditch’; kilakurunymin�‘tighten, narrow, pull together’. Category:�Smaller features.

kangparrkparnjilin��iv. Restrict:�LL subject branching off road or path. See:�kiwarntarrkanyjilin�‘mix together’; kiwartawkunjilin�‘roads running parallel or nearly parallel’. Category:�Large features.

kangulkpuni��iv. Restrict:�LL subject fall. angulkpuniny ‘he fell’. Warranygiw angulkpuniny parak. ‘The child fell down’. Kimajpungkin kilangali kiwnmen kiwnmakpen kimitjap kamawarlkanyi, kangulkpuni. ‘He gets up, he stands and he tries, he tries. He takes a few steps, then he falls, he falls down.’ Angulkpuniny mata warlk. ‘He fell out of a tree.’ See:�kamawarlkanyi�‘fall down’.

karnjawarra��noun. 1�•�mud crab, large mangrove crab. Scylla serrata. Category:�Crustaceans.

2�•�crab (generic). Category:�Crustaceans.

karntawululu��noun. sweet juice inside impurrk grass. Heteropogon triticeus. See:�impurrk�‘sugar cane grass’. Category:�Grasses, Plant food. Anth: found when grass matures

karntirrkan��noun. Cypruss Pine. Callitris intratropica. Category:�Trees and bushes.

karntirrkanyun��noun. stand of cypress pine trees. Category:�Trees and bushes.

karntuwa��noun. reed species used in basket making. Anth: This one is used together with kirrwara of Pandanus inside the coils to add strength. Grows at Anjumu. Mata kurnuwa ngarryutpa ta yangali. ‘We put kurnuwa in baskets.’ Category:�Dye and fibre plants, Grasses.

kap₁��noun. small bare patch without plants (or possiby with only grass in wet season). See:�kapal�‘middle’. Category:�Landscape.

kap₂��particle. just. Category:�Appearance.

kapa��LOC.ADV. there, that place distant from here. Kapa waraju manamalkpa kapa warak tuka wanyji wumawurr. ‘It will have to come out near the creek.’ See:�waka�‘at that place (not seen)’; tipa�‘there (middle distance)’.

kapaja��noun. 1�•�plant which produces a cotton wool-like substance in its seed- box. Gossypium hirsutum. Anth: Fruit are eaten by children. See:�nganyumparrga�‘wild cotton’. Category:�Trees and bushes, Plant food.

2�•�cotton wool. Category:�Other.

kapal��noun. 1�•�the middle, in between, in the middle. Category:�Location and distance.

2�•�a plain, open flat country, includes floodplain. See:�kap�‘small bare patch without plants’. Category:�Landscape.

3�•�seat in middle of canoe or dinghy. Nganpaningan tuka kapal. ‘I'm sitting in the middle of the canoe.’ Category:�Items for fishing.

4�•�the hunter who sits in the middle of the canoe. See:�wurlurn�‘captain of canoe’; angparti�‘hunter who sits at front of canoe’. Category:�Initiation.

kapala��noun. boat. Category:�Items for fishing.

kapalapipi��noun. a large boat, ship. Category:�Other.

kapalgapal��crossreference. See:�kapal�‘middle, plain’.

kaparnkatpin��iv. Restrict:�ED subject stick together, remain together. Aparnkatpiny ja jalwarra la pajupaju. ‘He always wears the same trousers and the same shirt.’ Kerra warakapa kaparnkatpini kinima ja warranyngiw. ‘The spirit goes along and sticks on to him.’ Apartkatpinang. ‘It was stuck, e.g. rice on the bottom of a saucepan’. See:�katiwarntakpun�‘stick into (foot)’. Syn:�kinnyurtjun. Category:�Holding, sticking.

kapijarlangken��iv. Restrict:�ED subject be scattered. Kayirrkapa apijarlangkekeny kirrk awuran numatpa kunak. ‘They are all scattered, they all went to different places’. Muka mata mango kapijarlangkeken. ‘There's a lot of mangoes around the place (on different trees and on the ground at different places around Martpalk).’ Nuka manpurrwa apijarlangkekeny ngartuk. ‘My clothes are at all different houses (because people borrowed them and took them home).’ See:�kerlangken�‘separate’; yarlarr�‘go separate ways’. Category:�Arrangement.

kapikapik��noun. coastal dweller. Yanat ja nuwul kapikapik. ‘He comes from a coastal area.’ Syn:�nuwulwurrula. Category:�Peoples and clans.

kapin��part. like, similar. Wularrutapa imalkpangungpi kapin kani la Wamarli. ‘Afterwards, he got close. Like about as far as between here (Warruwi) and Wamarli.’ Yiniwung ja kapin wuk. ‘He hit that thing which is like an ant.’ Kapin kanmirlkpungen kun kirrwara. ‘You turned your back to him (while he was talking to you)’. Imalngkawuny kapin mularrik. ‘He changed into a frog.’ See:�kapin kunuka�‘lots’; kimirlkpungen�‘change in appearence’. Category:�Appearance.

otherwise. Yunyi wanyjtupanyjut la warakparakut wutarr kuwaka kapin imurranymi awunginkay pata manpala wanpirlk yirrkju. ‘Do not plant them close to each other but put them at a distance from each other otherwise both the seeds might grow and fight each other.’ Category:�Appearance.

kapin kunuka��phrase. lots. Category:�Appearance.

kapirrk��coverb. 1�•�trip over. Kinyimany kapirrk. ‘He tripped her over.’ Nganngamany kapirrk ta waryat. ‘A rock tripped me over.’ Inyngamaj kapirrk orka. ‘She tripped her a bit.’ Category:�Throw, trip, Vertical motion.

Restrict:�MA subject 2�•�trip over (habitually). Kinyima kapirrk. ‘She trips over (a lot).’ Category:�Vertical motion.

kapu��noun. vulva. Category:�Organs and torso. Variant:�vulgar term. Syn:�kurning.

kapurlngen��iv. Restrict:�ED subject move in a wobby way, feel dizzy. Kapurlngeken. ‘He walks wobbly.’ Ngaya ngalyu kapurlngeken ‘Daughter, I feel wobbly.’ Jaka kapurlngeken. ‘That woman is wobbly.’ See:�kiniwurlnga�‘circle’. Category:�Discomfort and pain, Walking.

kangpurlngen OBL wanji��NVidiom. feel dizzy. Kangpurlngen ngartu wanji. ‘My head feels dizzy.’ Category:�Discomfort and pain.

kapumunkapumun��noun. Restrict:�PL leaders of the community, very important people. Syn:�wimunpimun. Category:�Peoples and clans.

kapungurr��noun. small gudgeons and gobies. See:�mapurrkaj�‘gobies and gudgeons (generic)’. Category:�Fish.

kapurrkij��noun. lots of fish, of different types. Category:�Other fish terms.

kar��coverb. Restrict:�MA object put over, hang over a (branch, hook). Kiwuma kar ngaw. ‘They are hanging it around her neck (necklace).’ Wularrutpa iwumangung kar. ‘In earlier times they used to hang things in the fork of a tree.’ Category:�Manipulation.

karajarrk��noun. sweet to taste. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kararrgararr��noun. 1�•�an open pattern used in basket making. Category:�Tools, women's.

2�•�fine, soft, (fine hair), nylon. See:�alawiyalawi�‘star pattern used in table mats’. Category:�Hair, Clothing, adornment, magic items.

karawu��noun. wattle type. Anth: Flowering is a sign that Green-back Turtle (manpiri) is fat. This plant looks similar to wirarrwirarr but grows away from the beach. Acacia leptocarpa? Acacia difficilis?. See:�wirarrwirarr�‘Wattle species’. Category:�Trees and bushes, Calendar plants.

karaywalk��noun. type of possum which eats pandanus nuts. Category:�Mammals. Anth: found on Minjilang but not on Warruwi

kardulk��noun. a person who gossips, talks a lot about other people. ja kardulk ‘he talks too fast.’ See:�kartuk�‘agree’. Category:�Language.

kariri��noun. water beetle. Category:�Insects. Note: Mentioned p.572 of Berndt and Berndt (1970) as gariri 'crickets' in Mawng and Kunwinjku

karwuluk��noun. long hairy yam, grows deep in soil in bush on mainland, has long hairs on the outside. Dioscorea transversa. Variant:�Iwaidja: Ldungun (D. transversa). Karwuluk kakatpi akarnpa, apiya, yanyjuk ngaw la muj warranyngiw ngaw. La awarntulyak ta Karwuluk naka kangpuyawun wukei tuka kunak la kapumalkpa. Yara makiny la kapukpun arka ta Karwuluk kapuma. La yara naka kanguyawun ta Karwuluk wukej mira tuka kunak pa kapuma. ‘The Long Yam has a stalk on it and leaves. It also has juice in it and young tubers. The Long Yam is long and they dig deep into the earth to get it. Sometimes they break it off as they try to get it out. But other times they dig deep into the earth and get it out whole.’ See:�Kunkun wupaj�‘considered a type of Karwuluk’; apanga�‘top of Karwuluk yam’; apungkurryuwu�‘top of Karwuluk yam’; atimi�‘body of Karwuluk yam’; akarnpa�‘stem of Karwuluk yam vine (and possibly other species)’; Wurruwujpiny�‘yam type’. Category:�Tubers, Plant food. Anth: Somes the top part of the yam is put back in the soil and the yam grows again.

karr��noun. spider. Category:�Insects.

karr��coverb. hunt for turtle or dugong during daytime. Kawarra karrik arrarrkpi. ‘The men are hunting dugong or turtle.’ Karrik kawarra warak. ‘They're hunting turtle/dugong during the day.’ Kawapa, kawuli karrik kawuken. ‘They hunt by day, looking.’ Category:�Hunting.

karrajpalk��noun. bright moonlit night. Category:�Sky.

karrak��noun. Red-tailed black cockatoo. Calyptorhynchus banksii. Category:�Small birds.

karramalk��noun. stone tomahawk. See:�tatken�‘stone axe’; waliman�‘axe’. Category:�Tools, men's.

karranyjing��noun. bin. Category:�Other. Note: May be Macassan

karrarnarn��noun. Milky Oyster, also used as a general term for oysters. Includes the small Black-lip Rock Oyster. Saccostrea mordax (previously S. amasa), Saccostrea cucullata. Variant:�Iwaidja: kirrwar; arrarnarn. karrarnarn iwurraj. ‘Oyster fat.’ See:�arnmilwil�‘a clump of oysters’; ngalpiri�‘oysters knocked off the rock whole’. Category:�Shellfish.

karrape��noun. inland on mainland where the bush is. Category:�Landscape.

karrilawatpunmuy��tv. 1�•�used to say "We don't know it". Used in conversation to refer to something that is new to the person or community. Nuka ja karrilawutpunmuy. ‘This is new to us.’ See:�kinimuy�‘ignorant’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

2�•�many, more than we can count. Word not used much anymore but used to be used instead of imurra or igarra. See:�kinimunmuy�‘not hear about, not know about’. Category:�Appearance.

karrimijurlakpakpa��tv. Restrict:�MA object play a slow rhythm on clapsticks. Nganangka karrimijurlakpakpa. ‘We play the clapsticks slowly (or could mean: we stop the clapsticks while the women dance)’. Ngarrimijurlakpakpa Category:�Song and dance.

Karringitpalka��noun. Monster, or specifically Rainbow serpent. This word is also used for dinosaurs and other monsters seen on TV. See:�arukin�‘serpent’; Inkarnarrk�‘name of a rainbow serpent’. Category:�Dreamtime names.

karrk��coverb. scratch. Nganinyjuk karrk. ‘You scratched me.’ See:�karrkarrk�‘miss what was said’; kinyji�‘choke, throttle’.

yarrkarrk�� La ja luluj inyinjang karrkarrk jita warramumpik. ‘And the dog scratched the woman.’ Kayirrk la kawuryi pata kiwatpi wurrupurru ja kawinyji arrkarrk. ‘Then those who have a rash and are scratching themselves bathe in the liquid.’

karrkaj��noun. island. Category:�Large features.

karrkajkarrkaj��noun. islands. Category:�Large features.

karrkany��noun. Black (fork-tailed) Kite or ?Red Goshawk. Milvus migrans, ?Erythrotriorchis radiatus. Category:�Small birds.

karrkarrk��coverb. Restrict:�LL object 1 kanima yarrkarrk�•�miss what was said. Ngapi ngungmany karrkarrk. ‘I missed what you said.’ See:�karrk�‘scratch (redup is arrkarrk or yarrkarrk)’. Category:�Language, Activity manner.

Restrict:�LL object 2 kanima yarrkarrk�•�slip. Yanat animany karrkarrk la mawarlkanyiny. ‘He missed his footing and fell.’ Kanima arrkarrk ‘It slips (e.g. a car stuck in a bog).’ Category:�Vertical motion.

3 kinnyen karrkarrk�•�scrape. Kanin karrkarrk.

karrkpin��noun. big, important, superordinate category. Ingawuning wurlk ta karrkpin iwararrkenang. ‘Sorrow filled him and he was crying.’ Ta waliwali ta kanyu ta apaka la kani ta karrkpin. ‘The corals are there are they take up a large area.’ Nuka ja karrkpin ja arrarrkpi. ‘He's an important man.’ Syn:�kilyakut. Category:�Size and weight.

karrng��coverb. snore. Yukarrng (Yung karrng) ‘He was snoring.’ Category:�Sleep.

karrunngartawkun wupaj��noun. seabird like a seagull, larger than mirrirnirn. See:�mirrijpu�‘Silver Gull’; kinnyartawkun�‘add on to’. Category:�Small birds.

karrunpartawkun wupaj��seabird type (plural). Category:�Small birds.

karrung��noun. sacking bag. Category:�Other.

karrurru��noun. sail for kupuny dugout canoe. Anth: These were more recently made of canvas but were made of woven pandanus earlier. La ngarringulakan kirrk, ja miri la karrurru ja karrilati, awurli la, jalakaraj yara ja ngarryatpi kilatikin tuka kupuny. ‘So we tidy everything up, the paddles and the sails that we have with us, o.k. and the spear that we have with us in the canoe.’ See:�maygu�‘woven sail’. Category:�Items for fishing.

katang��noun. carpenter's plane. Category:�Other.

katapanga��noun. Black Marlin. Makaira indica. See:�kinumpu�‘Black Marlin, Blue Marlin’; jirnumpu�‘deep water jumping fishes with pointy snout or possibly generic for all mackerels, tunas, billfishes’. Category:�Fish.

katikatik��noun. Pied Oystercatcher. Ngarnji kingamirrawn jita katikatik. ‘The Pied Oystercatcher draws on the Ngarnji shell, making it pretty (a story the old people used to tell.’ See:�kinimirrawun katikatik�‘young Hiant Venus Clam’. Category:�Small birds.

katilakpanpun��crossreference. See:�kanilakpanpun�‘bite something’.

kinilakpankukpun��tv. same meaning as kanilakpanpan.

katilulkanyi��tv. Restrict:�ED object pay. Arrkpanamin nuyu ja arrarrkpi apanilulkanyi ‘We will tell that man that he must pay it back’. Nakapa apululkanyang pu awunpuning kupuny. ‘They used to pay them with dugout canoes.’ Yirri atilulkanyiny. ‘He paid for the fuel.’ Category:�Transfer.

katinikiniki��tv. Restrict:�ED object carry a lot of things on head and/or back. Nangujapa atinikininy. ‘Yesterday he carried a lot of things.’ Kiwunikiniki. ‘They carry things.’ kerra kati nikiniki ‘he's getting big and strong’. See:�atinikanikang�‘be huge from eating a lot’; kininiki�‘he is carrying it on his shoulders’. Category:�Manipulation, Head, Organs and torso.

katingarntalgan��tv. Restrict:�ED object look up at. See:�kangarntalwarran�‘glow’; kaningulkparrki�‘bow head’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

katingarukpun��tv. Restrict:�ED object turn a corner, change direction. Nuka ngeyawng yarran parak atingarukpung parak. ‘I saw him turning (that corner).’ Atingarukpung. ‘He bent it.’ Category:�Movement relating to moving object.

katingkan��tv. Restrict:�ED object be 'sung' or cursed magically. Have a bad spell be case over oneself and be likely to get ill or die. kakengkan ‘she has been sung’. Ta kani karrpani ngarrurri karrartengkan. ‘One of us here has been (is) sung.’ See:�katingki�‘touch wrong thing’. Category:�Sorcery. Note: -aKa- part of suffix becomes -arta- for this verb

katingki��tv. Restrict:�ED object mess with other people's things. kakenyji, kakarrkingki, kawarrkingki ‘Don't play with that thing/ Don't play with that flour.’. Inyi kartingki kanngarra wungpulajpu kunuka yirrik.. ‘Don't mess with other people's stuff, steal from them or whatever.’ Inyi kartingki ‘Don't do any bad thing like stealing or messing with another person's stuff’. Inyi kartingki. ‘Don't take anything from that house.’ See:�katingkan�‘be sung’. Category:�Shelter, camp, house, General change of state.

katiwarntakpun��tv. Restrict:�ED object stick into (foot). See:�kaparnkatpin�‘stick together’. Category:�Holding, sticking.

katiwirtpala��tv. Restrict:�ED object arrange food or household possessions: pack, collect things, unpack things. Pa arukaruk amalkpanyka weminpi la wemin. Apuyirtpaliny. ‘In the afternoon each lot returned to camp. They put their food together.’ atiwirtpaliny ‘a bloke took his stuff and left it there (food stuff)’. Ngapi ngapirtpalaka tuka kurampalk ta ngapi ta wurrwurr. ‘I am arranging my new things in the house.’ See:�katiwirtpalakan ngarrurru yurnu�‘gecko lizard’; kiniyirtpa�‘lend’; kiyirtpalinypu�‘wash hands’. Category:�Manipulation.

ja katiwirtpalaka wu��phrase. the main traditional owner of an area of land. Category:�Peoples and clans.

katiwirtpalakan ngarrurru yurnu��noun. gecko lizard. See:�katiwirtpala�‘gather together’. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians. Note: This string of words does not have any literal meaning.

katiwujpa��tv. Restrict:�ED object pack up and leave, move house. ngapawujpakpaga, atiwujpakpanyka ‘AD Text 7:24’; kakawujpakpaga, katiwujpakpaga. Ngapi ngapujpakpany. ‘I packed up my swag.’ Parang apuwujpakpangung apulatikiyang tuka mitjang, - kawa waya, pa awulatpangung parak. ‘Then they would load on the trepang pots and their utensils and went away.’ Then he packed up and travelled fast to Wartpen, he saw it was good. See:�palay�‘keep going’; kiwutpa�‘camp overnight’; kiwujpa�‘lick’. Category:�Manipulation, Movement relating to fixed point.

katiyirlatu��tv. Restrict:�ED object slice (the yam, ready to soak). Usage:�not used for potato or bread, just yams. Not used much anymore. Category:�Divide, cut, tear, Cooking.

katja��iv. See main entry: ke.

katju��iv. We (inclusive) lie. See main entry: kiw.

katu��noun. small mangrove crab. Portunidae spp. not pelagicus. Category:�Crustaceans. Anth: Now used just for bait but were previously eaten too.

kartawarr��noun. knee joint. See:�kartawarrkartawarr�‘kneel’; ngarlwak�‘knee cap’. Category:�Limbs.

kartawarrkartawarr��coverb. Restrict:�MA object to kneel. Innyeny kartawarrkartawarr. ‘He knelt down.’ Ngarlwak innyeny kartawarrkartawarr. ‘He knelt down.’ Kingeny kartawarrkartawarr. ‘She knelt down.’ See:�kartawarr�‘knee joint’; ngarlwak�‘knee cap, die suddenly’. Category:�Change stance.

kartawuj��noun. small green-backed turtle. See:�manpiri�‘green-backed turtle’. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians.

karten yarrkjarrk��phrase. one who uses a different pronunciation. See:�yarrkjarrk�‘break, split open, gut’. Category:�Peoples and clans.

kartiyin��noun. bay. Category:�Large features.

kartparra��coverb?. flowers bloom, seeds sprout. Kamawun kartparrapa, warrga. ‘Flowers start to open up.’ Warrga kamawun kartparra. ‘The flowers finish.’ Category:�Longer, Automatic actions.

kartuk��coverb. agree to, nod in assent. Iminy kartuk nuyu. ‘He agreed with him.’ Anmina kartuk! ‘You, nod!’ See:�kardulk�‘gossip’. Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kartungkun₂��noun. Tripletail. Lobotes surinamensis. Category:�Fish. Anth: This lives in deep holes in mangrove estuaries and the lower reaches of the river.

kartungkun₁��noun. 1�•�shin. Category:�Limbs.

2�•�Ironwood tree. Erythrophleum chlorostachys. Variant:�Iwaidja: kartungkun. Muka mata kartungkun kampartpan tuka panikin, Yara mangiri kampartpan. Kayirrk la kawuryi pata kiwatpi wurrupurru ja kawinyji arrkarrk. ‘They boil the ironbark leaves in a billy. At other times they might boil the bark instead. Then those who have a rash and are scratching themselves bathe in the liquid.’ Category:�Trees and bushes, Medicine, Toxic plants. Anth: Used to treat skin infections. Preparation: chop bark off tree, boil and use liquid on skin. Warning: can cause anaphylaxis when eaten by children. The leaves are also used to smoke the house when people die, to rid it of spirits.

kartungkunyun��noun. stand of ironwood trees. Category:�Trees and bushes.

kawa��iv. They go. See main entry: ke.

kawa��noun. large Macassan pot. Parang apuwujpakpangung apulatikang tuka mijang - kawa, waya, pa awulatpangung parak. ‘They used to load the praus with pots and ironware and come down.’ Category:�Other.

kawagawa��noun. White egrets: Great Egret, Intermediate Egret, Little Egret and Cattle Egret. Ardea alba, Ardea garzetta, Ardea intermedia, Ardea ibis. Category:�Large birds.

kawakul��noun. Sand Bass, Young adult male Barramundi or Barrumundi which has brown colour due to living in muddy creek water. Psammoperca waigiensis, Lates calcarifer (young male adult). See:�wirlmu�‘Barramundi’. Category:�Perch. Anth: When this name refers to a Barramundi it denotes an immature adult male Barramundi. less than 30 cms in length and dark in colour. The Sand Bass lives in the sea near the reef whereas a young brown barramundi lives in the creek. Both fish look very similar to one another.

kawanpani��noun. school of dugong. Ngawupa! nuka kiwani! ‘Come here! There's one here!’ La yara ngarrkarrk ta ngatpin kawanpani. ‘And when there's two we say "kawanpani'’. See:�nguyuyi�‘group’; kiwanpani�‘come from, habitually live at’. Category:�Mammals. Note: Cannot be inflected for any other persons it seems, but that may be because its obsolete

kawarnakanyjilin��iv. Restrict:�PL subject fight with spears, Make war. ngarrarnakanyjilin ‘we are having a fight with spears’. Puka pata marryun kawarnakanyjilin mata murnta. Kutpunayanti! ‘The boys are playing with the murnta spears. Look at them!’ See:�kinnyarnaken�‘shoot’. Category:�Fight.

kawartpanyjilin��iv. Restrict:�PL subject 1�•�they are meeting. Ngatpalkpany ngarrartpanyjiliny. ‘We met along the way.’ Kawartpanyjilin tuka alan. ‘They met on the road.’ Category:�Horizontal movements.

2�•�marry. Wularrut ngarrartpanyjiliny ngapi li inyanat. ‘She and I are already married.’ See:�kiwartawkunjilin�‘mix together’; kinnyartpan�‘boil’; kiwani�‘be married’; kinimakan�‘have as spouse’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events. Anth: Doesn't mean marriage from a promise, but just getting together.

kawikawik��noun. 1�•�a crab's small walking legs. Category:�Crustaceans.

2�•�front or back flippers of a turtle. See:�imarnawuji�‘back flippers of a turtle’. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians.

kawirrji��noun. coloured goanna. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians.

kawirrwa��noun. Butterfish. Striped Scat, Spotted Scat. Selenotoca multifasciata, Scatophagus argus (Scatophagidae). Variant:�Iwaidja: Kalarlany. See:�wakpi�‘Spinefoot’; marramarra�‘Archerfish’; makumaku�‘Sicklefish (big brother)’. Category:�Batfish and butterfish. Anth: These ones are 'small brother' to makumaku.

kawu��iv. They lie. See main entry: kiw.

kawukunjilin��iv. Restrict:�PL subject share together, exchange gifts. Ngapi la nangila ngarrukunyjiliny pajupaju. ‘Nangila and I exchanged shirts.’ Awukunyjilin ja patumang. ‘They exchange glasses.’ Awunpuning awukunyjilinang ta walij aminang. ‘They shared it with each other.’ Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kawulakpuntikin��Variant:�kawulakpunguntin. iv. Restrict:�PL subject be company together in land. Share together (what is gathered). Share clan names. Share skin groups. kawulakpuntingkin ‘they share together that same clan name’. Arriwalakpuntaka ‘We'll cut it up and divide it up (meat).’ Kurrilakpuntakanyi ‘Share it! (half and half, a crab).’ See:�kinnyurlngpun; kinilakpungunta�‘share’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kawulakpunguntin��crossreference. See:�kawulakpuntikin�‘share land’.

kawulalkanyjilin��iv. Restrict:�PL subject discuss something together, have a meeting. Awaning awulalkenyjilinang. ‘They were having a discussion.’ Arukaruk angkat ngatalkanyjiliny kirrk apa, ngatpiny pu, "Arrkpanuraka jinyngu ngulamngulam". ‘During the afternoon we discussed it all, we said to them, "We will go early in the morning".’ awulalkanyjilina weminpi See:�kilalken�‘be in pain’; kinilalken�‘ask’. Category:�Language. Note: could be considered reciprocal form of kinilalken with jilin on end.

kawulartparrki��iv. Restrict:�PL subject they are countrymen. See:�kiningartparrki�‘shoot successfully in the head’. Category:�Peoples and clans.

kawuniwunpun warranyngiw��noun. Queenfish, Skinnyfish. Scomberoides sp.. Syn:�wanyjarlarr, ngamparlngamparl. Category:�Fish. Anth: Name used instead of wanyjarlarr 1990-1991 because of a death taboo.

kawunjilin��iv. Restrict:�PL subject fight together. kawunjilin, ngatpunjilin, kawunjilina. Ikarna mata wularrut awunjilinang namumuyak awk. ‘Ikarna is what they used to fight with before, in the dreamtime.’ Parang la awunjilinang malany annyarlukpanrtap ja Yumparrparr. ‘As they fought Yumparrparr slipped.’ See:�-njili�‘together’. Category:�Fight.

kawunpuyungpukpun��tv. encourage in fight. Aminang "Pirr!" awunpuyungpukpuning. ‘They were saying "Go on!" and egging them on.’ See:�awunpuyukakaning�‘encourage to fight’. Category:�Language.

kawungiti��iv. Restrict:�PL subject be namesake to one another. Anth: Not used for people who just happen to have the same name but people who were given the same Aboriginal name. Juka jita ngapi arrkitingiti ‘This one and me are namesakes (e.g. Rosemary about Bridget because they both have the Aboriginal name kurrunama)’. See:�ngeygo�‘same name (term of address)’. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kawuyanyjilin��iv. lovers, girlfriend and boyfriend. Variant:�Iwaidja: antikin. Ngungpurrun kawuyanyjilin. ‘Maybe they're boyfriend and girlfriend.’ Kawuyanyjilin See:�-njili�‘together’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events, Reproduction.

kawuyirtiki��iv. Restrict:�PL subject help each other, cooperate. kutjitiki. Arrkpayirtiki nuyi la ngapi. ‘You and I will help each other.’ arrkpayirtiki Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kayalk��noun. green tree snake. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians.

kayarlgayarl��noun. fire. Category:�Fire.

kayaw��noun. twine basket for carrying sacred objects. Category:�Tools, women's.

kayirrk��adverb. now, today, nowadays, in the near future. Parang apa kunjurrngpung marnti kayirrkju kunjarray anjamang warlk kanpu tuka kirrwara. ‘I have commanded you lest you go cutting trees and harm your back.’ Kayirrkju kiwrtin parak tuka karlurri. ‘Only now are they going inland to the ceremony.’ ja kayirrk ja kunimakan ‘your current husband’. See:�-yu�‘only, just’. Category:�Daily, Longer.

kayirrk la��part. then, after that. Iwumany ja kiyap kayirrk la iwuwunyanngung kayirrk la awaning iwulangung. ‘They caught the fish, then they cooked it and then they sat and ate it.’ See:�la�‘and’. Category:�Daily.

kayirrk la warrwak��part. after an event of some duration that has been mentioned. Kayirrk warrwak See:�kayirrk la�‘then’. Category:�Daily.

kaykanawa��noun. Pornupan Mangrove, Cedar Mangrove, Cannonball Mangrove. Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus australasicus, Xylocarpus granatum and Xylocarpus mekongensis.. Variant:�Iwaidja: Arlakuku (Xylocarpus granatum); Wila. See:�nganykarrarr�‘mangroves’. Category:�Mangroves.

kayu��noun. a man's older brother or parallel male cousin, a woman 's brother or parallel cousin. The age distinction is only important between same-sex siblings. See:�kuwuji; larla; mawij�‘younger same-sex sibling, parallel cousin’. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kayungkayung��noun. paddle, oar, the type used in a dinghy rather than a dugout canoe. Arrarrkpi kilatin tuka kapala, jara ja kinnyatpi kayungkayung. ‘A man is in the boat and another is holding a paddle’. Syn:�miri. Category:�Other.

kelartpin��iv. damp. Kelartpin ja manpurrwa. ‘The cloth is damp.’ Category:�Properties of surface.

kelimutpin��iv. forget. Ngalimutpin ngartu wakij. ‘I forgot my fishing line.’ Syn:�pularnngalk, alya. Category:�Emotion, Cognitive senses and attention.

kelimutpikpin��iv. forget. Category:�Emotion, Cognitive senses and attention.

kelkpa��iv. 1�•�bare young, lay eggs. Usage:�Not usually used to refer to humans giving birth as this is impolite. Instead -lurrang, -langali or -arawku is used instead Kelkpa kurlajuk ja manpiri. ‘The green-back turtle lays its eggs.’ Kayirrk inypanalkpa, ‘She's about to give birth.’ Inyalkpakpany. ‘Then she gave birth (a woman).’ See:�kilurrangken�‘jump’; kilangali�‘be born’. Category:�Reproduction. Anth: Old way the old women used to hold the mother's knees and push on her stomach.

2�•�a kinship verb which covers mother, mother's brother and mother's mother's mother. pata yalkpanypu. ‘His ngaya.’ Jaka jita inyalkpany ngaw. ‘She is the one who bore her / She is her mother.’ jita inyalkpany nuyu ‘his mother, the one who bore him’. See:�kinnyarkpa�‘carry on back, e.g. horse’; kinimalkpa�‘be father to’; wulupulu�‘great-grandmother, grand-niece’. Category:�Reproduction. Usage:�so far all uses as kinship verb have been in past punctual tense

kelpun��iv. go off, disappear - i.e. focus is on change to being absent from source location. Kawalpukpun. ‘Suddenly everybody disappeared.’ Ngarrimanyju bonh karralpukpun kirrk. ‘We just take it and then all go home.’ Wularrut kinyalpung. ‘She's already gone off.’ See:�kiniwalpun�‘touch, graze’. Category:�Horizontal movements.

kelyakpin��iv. remember, know about someone. Variant:�Ngurtikin form. Ngapi ngalyakpin ngaw. ‘I know about her (something concerning her).’ Ngalyakpin, wularrut ngalyung. ‘I know (that news about that person's death), I already heard (about it).’ Category:�Emotion, Cognitive senses and attention.

kelyu��iv. 1�•�hear, listen to. Kelyu nuyu. ‘He is listening to him.’ anpalyu ngarru ‘You listen to us’. Ngarralyu ja miri. ‘We hear the paddle.’ See:�kelyunalyu�‘keep listening for some time’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

2�•�feel, experience. Malany ngalyung ta atjirringunang parang la nguran ap. ‘I felt the movement (of the tremor) and so I sat down.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

3�•�listen and follow advice, instructions etc. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

4�•�understand what has been said. Ngapi marrik ngalyunyi nuwu. ‘I didn't understand you.(because my Mawng is not very good)’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kelyuju��iv. wait (to hear about it). Used as reply if someone says "I'll ring you tomorrow". Nganalyuju nuwurru ta warrwak la ngana. ‘I'll wait for you until later so I'll go (now).’ Awalyujungan arlarrarr. ‘They waited for a reply but none came.’ Met la nganalyuju. ‘Wait until I hear some news about it.’ See:�kinimirlajun�‘he is waiting for him’. Category:�Waiting, doing nothing.

kelyunalyu��iv. always hearing about (it). See:�kelyu�‘hear’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kelyutpa��iv. hear. Now mainly used to refer to hearing a bit of information. Used in Malalkukuj Mawng or old Mawng as a more general term for hear. Variant:�Malalkukuj form. Ngapi ngalyutpan anyak. ‘I heard a little bit (about it).’ Awalyutpan kapin kuna yirrik kapin marrarawk. ‘They heard a sound like lightning.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kerlangken��iv. tear, split, separate. Ay naka yarlangkeny ja jalwarra. ‘Oh, the trousers are torn’. Wula kawarra la kangarlangken kanya wurrkaraga la anyamin. ‘When they have an earthquake the earth opens up from one side to another.’ Naka wernangkat akutju pata, warra Japani la kapala pa wularrut yarlangken. ‘The Japanese were still alive but the boat was torn open.’ See:�marlangkeny�‘log’; kapijarlangken�‘scatter’; kiyiyarlangken�‘yawn’. Category:�Divide, cut, tear.

kerlkan��iv. sink, drown, submerge, get bogged (i.e. enter water). Yarlkeny ja mutika. ‘The vehicle is bogged.’ Angpanarlken ta kunak. ‘The land will be flooded (Crow story).’ Awarlkeny. ‘They were submerged (Crow story).’ See:�kiwrlgen�‘go inside’; kiwryi�‘swim, go in water’. Category:�Motion relating to water, Holding, sticking.

kerlkpun��iv. get away, get too far away to catch up with, get away (from me). inyarlkpung ‘she was already too far ahead of him, she had gotten ahead of him’; yarlkpung ‘he got ahead of him’. Kerlkpun warak ‘he has wandered off, e.g. when a toddler wanders off too far, or when a boat has floated away from its moorings and can be seen across the bay.’ Category:�Horizontal movements.

kempurranyin��iv. smite his chest. Category:�Strike or chop, Organs and torso.

kernangkayin��iv. become strong, lie in the sun to gather energy (reptiles). Also used for 'become stuck or hard' as yarnangkat can cover strong/stuck/hard. Also used to describe a dead dog that has swollen up (become hard). yarnangkayiny. Ngarriyatpungapa ngarrarnangkayirtjinang kapin waryat. ‘We can feel him and we're getting hard like a rock (i.e. our belly).’ See:�kilatparlangkayin�‘heal’; angmirriyangkat�‘area become safe’; kinnyarnangkata�‘make strong’; yarnangkat�‘strong, hard, stuck’. Category:�Healing and fitness.

kernpin��iv. warm self. Yanat ilangaling yarnpinang. ‘He was standing warming himself.’ Category:�Illness.

kerntajpun��iv. not be able to do something. But ngarrarntajpuning marrik kiki ngatpina. ‘But we couldn't do it and couldn't do anything.’ Awunmeny, arlarrarr. Awarntajpuning. ‘They tried but it was no good, they couldn't do it (play a song well).’ Anngarntajpuning ‘They weren't able to do it.’ Category:�Waiting, doing nothing.

kerntakpun��iv. chop down (a tree), knock over a person. Yarntakpuning kakurl. ‘He was chopping down (a tree) for sugarbag.’ Nuyimung anngarntakpuni mata warlk. ‘It is your turn to cut the tree.’ Nganarntakpunju warlk pa awanuryi. ‘I'll just chop (it) down and they'll be swamped (Crow story).’ Category:�Strike or chop.

kernti��iv. be up in, on, hanging from, high up. ngarnti, karrarnti, ngarrarnti, kanngarnti, kurrarnti, kinyarnti, karnti. Awarnting tuka warlk. ‘They were up in the tree/ they were hanging from the tree’. Kinyarnti akutju tuka stool la ja arrarrkpi iminy ngaw push, mawarlkanyi. ‘She's still up on the stool and then a man pushes her and she falls down.’ See:�kiwarlkarrin�‘have been put high up’; wirt�‘be up in, be up on’. Category:�Location and distance.

lv.

kerntulyakpin��iv. become tall, become long. yarntulyakpin. See:�kinnyarntulyakpa�‘lengthen’; yarntulyak�‘long’. Category:�Size and weight.

kepkep��noun. white apple. Edible fruit tree. Syzygium eucalyptoides ssp. bleeseri, formertly Eugenia bleeseri. Variant:�Iwaidja: Yabyab. See:�wardwardang�‘Red apple’. Category:�Trees and bushes, Plant food. Anth: Wild apple found on the mainland

keport��noun. Pandanus nose plug. Syn:�iwijiwij, marrapirnta. Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items. Anth: placed in a pierced nose

kerajpun��iv. 1�•�he's putting hot sand on himself because he has a boil or a pain. kinyarajpun ‘she's heating herself with hot sand.’. Kinypani kinyarajpun. ‘She's warming herself on hot sand.’ Category:�Illness. Note: reflexive relationship with transitive form.

2�•�does not lay eggs (lit. keeps on aching). used of turtles which come up onto the beach and dig a hole but do not lay eggs. Manpiri malany yarajpukpuning. ‘The green-back turtle did not lay any eggs.’ See:�kinnyarajpun�‘warm on hot sand’. Category:�Reproduction.

Restrict:�Female subjects only 3: kinyarajpun�•�menstruate. See:�kinnyarajpun�‘roast’. Category:�Secretions and substances.

keranymin��iv. become different. Category:�General.

kerawkun��iv. 1�•�vomit. Kerawkun awat. ‘He vomits.’ See:�awat�‘vomit (noun)’; alar�‘gag (coverb with kerawkun)’. Category:�Secretions and substances, Automatic actions.

2 : kinyarawkun�•�give birth. Usage:�human or animal subjects, more polite than kinyalkpa See:�kiniwulawn�‘drop off’. Category:�Reproduction.

lv. Category:�Sickness.

kerkalanymin��iv. become light in weight. Kinyarkalanyminy. ‘She's a light girl (or baby).’ Nganarkalanymin. ‘(You take half my load so) I'll have a lighter load (lit. I'll be lighter).’ See:�yarkalu�‘lightweight’; kinnyarkalanyma�‘lighten’. Category:�Size and weight.

kerukin��iv. climb. -aruki-. Nakapa kalmaya yarukiny nuwu. ‘That green ant's climbed up on you.’ Yarukikinang yarukikiny yarukiny yuranapa. ‘He climbed and climbed, he climbed still further, and climbed again.’ ja karrarukin ‘we sing higher’. Category:�Vertical motion.

kerwen��iv. throw, aim. yarwany ‘he threw it out (HH notes to D. Stainsby)’. Kapa ngarweny paraju ta nganymalangkeny. ‘I threw (the spear) over in that direction where I tore open a pandanus tree.’ Kerwen irrkpalakaj. ‘He throws away the clothes of the person who has passed away.’ Kinima, kerra warak, kerwen tuka rubbish, tuka bin kinilatin. ‘He gets it, goes off and throws it in the bin, puts it in the bin.’ See:�kinnyaka�‘throw’. Category:�Throw, trip.

keryakpin��iv. become wet, (plant) become green and fresh. Yaryakpiny kirrk ja manpurrwa. ‘The clothing has got all wet.’ Ngaryakpiny ngartu ja manpurrwa. ‘My clothes are all wet (because I was out in the rain)’. See:�yaryak�‘wet’; kinnyaryakpa�‘make wet’. Category:�Properties of surface.

kerra��iv. 1�•�walk along, walk around. iwanarra ‘he's going around, walking, not in a car.’ Wiyarla nganarra. ‘I'm going off on a walk to Wiyarla’. Note: Both ke: and kerra can occur with -ga and warak. Ma, yarranyi juju. ‘Come on, he must walk.’ Ngapi ja nganimalkpany marrik yarrang akak. ‘My father doesn't scavenge.’ Category:�Walking.

Restrict:�LL subject 2�•�people behave, or do things a certain way, over a period of time. Pa pirr kanngarra warakapa. ‘Keep going that way.’ See:�ke�‘go’. Category:�General terms. angarrangung angarran

kangarra yala��phrase. level, cleared ground.

kangarra yala yirrk��iv. open country.

kangarra warak��phrase. area goes up to. Category:�Landscape.

lv.

kerra akak��coverb. (Human) eat left overs, pick up off the ground and eat discarded food, for example dogs eating out of rubbish bins. Category:�Hunting.

kerrikpa��iv. get old, have health afflictions. Usage:�In the past tense it can mean that the person got old and died Yarrikpan mutika. ‘The car got old and worn out.’ Ngarrikpanapa ta ngapi la kiki ngami la ngungmarrajpu ‘I'm old and worn out, so there's no way I can walk (e.g. walk home after car runs out of fuel).’ Awarrikpan nuyu yurnu, napurruntipa. ‘You hurt your foot, now it's no good (e.g. cut).’ See:�kinnyarrikpa�‘spoil, ruin’. Category:�Illness and death, Healing and fitness, Goodness.

kertjirtpun��iv. skin peel off, as snake sheds its skin. Arukin yartjirtpung. ‘The snake has shed its skin.’ Ampijinangapa yartjirtpuning. ‘Then he's laughing and sheds his skin (a baby).’ Karrrartjirtpun ta arrkiri. ‘Our skin peels off.’ See:�kinnyartjirtpun�‘peel off’. Category:�General, Other.

kertpirran��iv. 1�•�relax, feel relieved of tension and feel better. Pata awungkang apurra marlu, marrngarla yirrk, ngatpin awutikinang la ta kamalkpa kamin awartpirrany. ‘When they went out in rough winds and heavy seas we used to say they were all tied up (tensed up) and when they arrive they say they were untied (relieved).’ Awartpirran yirrk. ‘They relax (fully) (after doing some work).’ Karlapuk ma nganaw nganartpirran. ‘Quiet, I'm going to lie down and relax now.’ See:�kinnyartpirra�‘untie’. Category:�Anxiety, shame, Sleep.

2�•�move slowly. Be slow to go and start doing something. Imajpungkun, kertpirran marlakan. ‘He gets up, taking it easy, very slowly.’ Nuyi ta kanngartpirran. ‘You're a slow mover.’ Category:�Activity manner.

kertpungkun��iv. go up on to shore. Usage:�Only used for going up onto shore, not for going up onto anything else, e.g. trees or houses. Yartpungkuny marntingunyuny. ‘A dugong washed up onto the shore’. Arrarrkpipa yartungkuny. ‘A person came ashore.’ Warranyngiw kurrartpungkinaga! ‘Children, come back to shore! (there's a jellyfish, or something in the water).’ See:�kinnyartpungku�‘lift up’. Category:�Motion relating to water.

kija��part. how about we....? Usage:�Used before imperatives that include the speaker and the addressee, makes them more polite. See:�kiwnmen�‘keep trying’. Category:�Language.

kijpulgi��noun. 1�•�sandbar, sandbank. See:�irnkirr�‘mud’. Category:�Large features, Soil.

2�•�high cloud with rippled appearance, as often seen in sandbars. See:�kuwinu�‘cloudy sky’. Category:�Sky.

kiki��part. 1�•�what (action)? Anth: Can also be used when someone is talking to mean 'maybe' or 'hmm' Kiki arrkpanamin? ‘What will we do? What are we going to do to it? How are we going to do it?’ Kiki kanmin? ‘What's happening? (a greeting)’. Category:�Language.

2�•� Kiki ja rrupiya? ‘How much money is it?’ kiki warak See:�kunuka�‘what’; ta kikiga�‘when’; kiki yirrik�‘or anything like that’. Category:�Language.

kiki yirrik��phrase. or anything like that. Kurlingka iniwung warlk ay kiki yirrik? Makinyju la inimany ininganypaniny. ‘Did he hit him with a stick or what? No, he just took him and pushed him down.’ See:�kiki�‘how, what’. Category:�Appearance.

kila��iv. 1�•�hot, heat, cook, burn. kamala, iwany, it cooked, mawany ‘HH Text 1’; angpany ‘HH Text 1’; apany ‘it cooked’; ilangung ‘he was burning (Warruwi BLPC 2:20)’; angkang ‘AD Tape 1991 3B’. Ara iwany yungku mawij. ‘Alas, little brother has burned himself in the fire.’ Tuka malangung mata yungku iwuwunyantung wurul ja iwiya. ‘Then they would heat it through on the fire.’ Kanta ta kunak. ‘The ground is hot (because it is burning)’. See:�kinila�‘eat’; kiniwunya�‘cook’. Category:�Sickness, Cooking, Fire.

2�•�have fever. Category:�Sickness.

3�•�angry. Ngala wanyji. ‘I'm getting angry (Lit:I'm nearly burning)’. Ngala mira marnti kunpun. ‘I'm getting really angry I might hit you.’ See:�kamarkpa. Category:�Hate, anger.

lv.

kilaja��iv. call. Kilaja nuyu ja luluj. ‘He is calling the dog.’ Kinyjaja kingalakpa. ‘She calls out, answering him.’ Awurranka pa iwajawng parang awulajantiny "Aaaah!" ‘Then the people came and say him, they screamed "Aaah!"’ Category:�Language.

kilajaka��tv. entreat, beg. Ilajakantiny nuyu ja nulirri. ‘He entreated the angry man.’ Category:�Language.

kilaji��iv. 1�•�greedy, hungry. See:�nulaji�‘greedy’; kantijawa�‘flour’. Category:�Desire. Note: Cannot mean 'it is empty'

Restrict:�LL subject 2: kantaji�•�empty, open, hollow, a hole. Wugarra yiwuwany nuyu la yiwaning antajing nuyu parrwarr ta nangartam nuyu. ‘They at a lot of his cheek and there was a hole right through his cheek.’ Kantaji ta waryat. ‘There's a hole in the rock.’ Kayirrk warrwak apa la, ta warrwak angmirlkpungeny pu wanji pa warlk mampulalkuny mata kantaji awk. ‘And later on they got the idea of cutting down all those hollow trees.’ See:�ngalmarr�‘cave, a hollow’. Category:�Smaller features, Shape.

kantaji wulij��noun. space in the mangroves. Anth: They used to chop them down in a small area and then go in at low tide and get martpoj and karnjawarra. Category:�Mangroves, Landscape.

kilakijpin��iv. ask somebody to come and sing you a song or tell you a story. ilakijpiny. Kilakijpin nuyu pa kimirawn. ‘He asks him so then he sings.’ Awulakijpinpu. ‘They asked them to come and sing.’ kinyjakijpiny Category:�Language.

kilakinka��iv. (turtle) breathe. Anth: When a turtle has surfaced its breathing can be differentiated from that of a dugong. Manpiri ilakinkangung. ‘The turtle (could be heard) breathing on the surface.’ Category:�Automatic actions.

kilakiyi(n)��iv. speak against idea, grumble about something. Awulakiyiny pata awaning tuka walaya. ‘The people who lived in the cliff area spoke against it.’ Category:�Language, Judgement, evaluation.

kilakpalkarin��iv. lie (with head on a pillow). Variant:�Ngurtikin form. See:�kiwarlkarrin�‘have been put high up’. Syn:�kal. Category:�Remain stationary.

kilakpalolen��iv. speak on a two-way radio. Ngana nganalakpalolen ‘I am going to go and speak on the two-way radio.’ See:�kiniwun�‘call on phone’. Category:�Language.

kilakpalwarrki��iv. buy. Ngana nganalakpalwarrki kakurl. ‘I am going to buy some sugar.’ Kannyen kirrkirrkpu. Kiwararrkenapa kiwun. Pa kilakpalwarrki. ‘He pushes them. He cries and so they give him (what he's crying for). So they buy (something) (for him).’ Category:�Transfer.

kilakpantakpa��iv. murmur, whisper. Kawani kilakpantakpa. ‘They are sitting murmuring about something.’ Category:�Language.

kilakparikpin��iv. intervene. Kayirrk la ilakparikpiny la iminy pu, Kurlingka nuwurri kurruranka ilgij majawak la murrkarn nuyu ngarrunpawutaka? ‘Then he intervened and said to them, Did you (pl) come with knives and clubs to tie me up?’ Category:�Fight.

kilakpiwakpa��iv. become stiff in the body. Ingurrinang warak mira kayirrk la ilakpiwakpany. ‘He ran a long way and got stiff.’ See:�kilantanymikpin�‘stiff (in body)’. Category:�Discomfort and pain.

kilakpiwen��iv. become heavy. Koyanti ilakpiwany ja marryun. ‘Look, that boy has become heavy.’ See:�kinilakpiwa�‘strengthen, make heavy’; nulakpi�‘heavy’. Category:�Size and weight.

kilakpurntun��iv. have throbbing ear. Category:�Physical disability and injury.

kilakujpakpa��iv. plead guilty (by not speaking up about it). Ilangaling ilakujpakpany. ‘He pleaded guilty.’ See:�kilakujpin�‘be quiet’; kinilakujpa�‘kiss, stop from crying’. Category:�Language, Concealment.

kilakujpin��iv. be quiet, silent. Ankakujpena! ‘You stop crying!’ Anpanalakujpin. ‘You stop.’ See:�kinilakujpa�‘kiss, stop crying’; kilakujpakpa�‘plead guilty (by not speaking up about it)’. Category:�Language.

kilakurma��iv. use body signs and hand signs to communicate. Ngatakurma ‘We make kinship body signs.’ Kinyjakurma. ‘She's signing.’ Ngalakurma nuwu. ‘I'm signing to you.’ See:�kinilakurma�‘dance, imitate, act’. Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kilakurunymin��iv. 1�•�tighten, narrow, pull together. Ilakurunyminy tuka ilalkuny. ‘It has come together where he cut himself.’ Kantakurunymin. ‘It's too narrow’. Kantakurunyminyka. ‘It's narrowed.’ See:�nulakuru�‘narrow’. Category:�Shape.

Restrict:�LL subject 2: kantakurunymin�•�flattened out area, flat area. Ant:�kangparnpalarrkpi. See:�nulakuru�‘narrow’. Category:�Land features.

kilakutpakpa��iv. have a secret about oneself, keep a something about oneself secret. Kutpina nuyu nakapa ja kilakutpakpa. Nakapa ja kamaniwakpi, ja Nawayati. ‘You talk to him, he's got a secret. He plays didjeridoo, Nawayati.’ Category:�Concealment.

kilalken��iv. 1�•�be in pain, or so sick that you cannot get out of bed. Category:�Discomfort and pain.

Restrict:�female subject 2: kinyjalken�•�she is in labour. Wularrutapa kinyjalken ngungpurrun kayirrkapa iwalangali. ‘She is in labour and I think that the baby will be born soon.’ See:�kinilalken�‘ask’; kawulatkanyjilin�‘discuss something together’. Category:�Reproduction.

kilarlmalkpa��iv. Emerging from. Ilarlmalkpany ngalmarr. ‘He emerged from the cave.’ See:�kimalkpa�‘arrive, come out’. Category:�Movement in and out.

kilantanymikpin��iv. stiff (in the body). Maruny nganimany ngalantanymikbin. ‘I've got a cramp in my leg.’ See:�kilakpiwakpa�‘become stiff’; maruny�‘cramp’; wiliny�‘cramps’. Category:�Discomfort and pain.

kilangaka��iv. float. Kilangaka ja kapala. ‘The boat is floating.’ Murlurr kamalangaka. ‘The driftwood is floating.’ See:�kinilangaka�‘send, drive’. Category:�Motion relating to water.

kilangali��iv. 1�•�stand. karrkangali, kilangaliya ‘come for a visit from that area, homeland or not (same verb?) c.f. kilangali’; katangali. Ilangaling yalayala tuka skurl. ‘He was standing outside the school.’ awulangaling ‘they were staying’. See:�kamalangaliki�‘trees be clumped’; kiliga�‘travel from, be from’; kinilangani�‘stand up’; kilarrajpen�‘stand up, stand still’; imalmakpany�‘perform’. Category:�Remain stationary.

2�•�stay, be, katangali ‘It is standing’; kamalangali ‘It is standing’. Wakapa awunlangaling pata arrarrkpi yiwulangungapa kiyap. ‘The people were staying there and eating the fish.’ awunlangaling ‘They were staying’. See:�mulil�‘ceremony’; minyngu. Category:�Remain stationary.

3�•�be born, more polite than kilurrangken. Variant:�Ngurtikin form. Ilangalingan ja warranyngiw. ‘The child is born.’ Kurlingka inyjangalingan warrawurnji (or) marryun? ‘Did she give birth to a girl or a boy? (lit. was a girl born, or was it a boy?)’ Kula kayirrk iwalangali ja warranyngiw? Iwalurrangken? ‘Is the child being born now? About to be born?’ See:�kilurrangken�‘jump, be born’; kelkpa�‘bare young, lay eggs’; kiwarntangaliki�‘someone who is sleeping with their legs elevated’. Category:�Reproduction.

Usage:�with PP suffix 4�•�have come from place, in journey. Nuka ngampiwi kilangalinganka? ‘But where has he come from?’ Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

kilangali tuka wurak��phrase. the child is in utero. Naka warranyngiw kilangali tuka wurak. ‘She is with child.’ Category:�Reproduction.

5�•�be child of. nukapa pata kawulangali Marrawal la Narul. ‘That man's children are Marrawal and Narul.’ Category:�family, inc moieties.

6�•�be part of a certain human grouping. Anth: This includes being in a matrimoiety grouping, semi-moiety (skin) grouping, clan group. Being a participant in a ceremony. Ngapi ngalangali ngangiri Ngalngarrij/Ngalngarrajku. ‘My skin name/matrimoiety is Ngalngarrij/Ngalngarrajku.’ Ja kimaju karriwunyaka nuyu irrkpalakaj la karrangali minyngu. ‘When someone dies, we smoke his possessions and have a minyngu.’ Category:�Peoples and clans, family, inc moieties, General ritual.

Restrict:�GEN subject ; FE object 7: kinyngalangali�•�huge. inyngalangaling. Category:�Size and weight.

lv.

kilangan��iv. 1�•�Do on own initiative, do what you feel like doing. Kiwanipa, kilanganapa ke. ‘He sits for a long time then he feels like going.’ Kinyjanganapa kinyarra warak. ‘She feels like it so she goes off.’ Marrik ankangay. ‘You are not doing it on your own initiative.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention, Desire, General.

2�•� Nuwurri kurrungpurrun jita warramumpik ta kinyalkpa ja warrayngiw nakapa kinnyiwunpun werrk warrwakapa la kapalkpa ta atjak la kinyjangen mirayu. ‘�€š�„úYou(plural) know how a woman who bears a child has ( early) labour pains first and afterwards suffering comes and she has severe labour pains.�€š�„ù’. See:�kinnyen�‘pierce’. Category:�Reproduction, Discomfort and pain.

kilangkarlen��iv. say to someone 'there's no more'. Category:�Language.

kilangkatpa��iv. find out, tell. Ngalangkatpa ngungpurrun aralpa. ‘I'm finding out if it's true.’ Pa kilangkatpa ta kingurrin. ‘Then he can tell where it will run (with the harpoon and rope).’ ngarralangkatpa ‘we can tell / know what the sign means’. See:�kinilangkatpa�‘signal, remind’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention. Note: Can take a ta complement

kilarampijin��iv. smile. See:�kempijin�‘laugh’. Category:�Automatic actions.

kilarukpungkun��iv. become unhooked. Imalkpanyapa tu warlk ilarukpungkuny ja pelk, pa kingurrin. ‘He gets free, the belt got unhooked and he runs.’ Ilarukpungkuny ja walimanapa mawarlkanyiny. ‘The axe head came off and fell down.’ See:�kinilarkpungku�‘pull out, pull off’; kiniwirrun�‘hook up’; kiniwurrun�‘know, remember or think about a specific person or thing’. Category:�Holding, sticking.

kilarrajpen��iv. stand up. Stand still, as opposed to move. Awungurrinka awularrajpeny. ‘They ran to him and stopped’. Warranyngiw kutarrajpena! ‘Children stand up!’ See:�kilangali�‘be born’. Category:�Remain stationary, Waiting, doing nothing.

kilarrarlken��iv. bog down. Category:�Holding, sticking.

kilarrikpin��iv. rise. Yanat ilarrikpiny yuran. ‘He arose and went.’ See:�kinilarrikpi; kimajpungkin. Category:�Change stance.

kilarrki��iv. believe, agree with. Ngapi ngalarrki nuyu. ‘I believe him.’ Syn:�kimartukpun. Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

kilarrkuku��noun. 1�•�bird species. Category:�Small birds.

2�•�title of a song cycle. Category:�Song and dance.

kilarrutpin��iv. be in need, go without. Yarrangung ilarrutpinang. ‘He was in need.’ Category:�Holding, sticking.

kilatin��iv. be inside something. Ingamany ja manjawak ilatikinang tuka kapala. ‘She got the knife which was lying in the boat.’ Kilatin mutika. ‘He is in the car.’ Awulatikin la innyutpan arak. ‘They went across (in a boat).’ See:�kinilati�‘put in something’. Category:�Location and distance.

kilatpa��iv. go down, go towards sea. Ilatpan parak tuka ajput. ‘He went down to the beach’. Karlurri kilatpa tuka kunak la kilangali. ‘A bird comes down and stands on the ground.’ Walmat kilatpan yunyi kanpani la oryak. ‘Rain fell so don't sit there it's wet.’ See:�kiwrtin; kinnyutpa; kinyjatpa tirip�‘late afternoon’. Ant:�kiwrtin. Category:�Vertical motion, Motion relating to water.

kilatparlangkayin��iv. feel better, stronger, good. awulatpalangkfnapa ‘they felt strong/they felt better/they felt good’. ilatparlangayiny Syn:�kernangkayin, kinilatparlangkata. Category:�Healing and fitness, Discomfort and pain.

kilatparlilinymin��iv. become weak, exhausted, e.g. as one ages. Or tired of something. ilatparlilinminy ‘he got angry (i.e. he got tired of the way that they were treating him)’. See:�nulatparlilil. Category:�Healing and fitness, Sorrow, happiness. Note: Derived from adjectival noun nulatparlilil 'weak'

kilatpulnga��iv. turn around, look around. Imajpungkuny ilatpulngan. ‘He got up and looked behind him.’ See:�pulnga�‘early afternoon’; kiniwirtpulnga�‘turn over’; kingulkpurlnga�‘turn around’; kiniwurlnga�‘circle’. Category:�Change stance, Cognitive senses and attention. Note: Only for humans

kilartpin��iv. paint self, smear something on self. Wularrut ilartpiny. ‘He has already painted himself.’ Nuyi la ngapi arrpalartpin. ‘We two will each paint himself’. See:�kinilartpan�‘paint’. Category:�Transfer.

kilawujpun��iv. piss, rain heavily. See:�wuwuj�‘piss’. Category:�Automatic actions.

kilawurtin��iv. 1�•�the tide is coming in. Kayirrk kilawurtin. ‘The tide is coming in now.’ Kilawurtinka mapurlarr. ‘The tide's coming in and the sea is calm.’ See:�ningkaryak�‘full tide, outgoing tidal current’. Category:�Water bodies.

2�•�big waves come in towards the shore. Nulatparlangkat. Like the big wave ja kurrula ja kilawurtinka. ‘The sea is strong, like big waves are coming in.’ See:�kiwrtin�‘land, go towards coast, go inland, go upwards’. Category:�Water bodies.

Restrict:�FE subject 3 inyjawurtiny�•�King tide. Category:�Water bodies.

kiliga��iv. travel from, be from. Stand. ngati, ankingan, inyjinganka ‘she came from (her homeland)’; ilinganka ‘he came from’; kilinganka ‘he is coming from’. Juka kapa inyjinganka Wumara ngungpurrun arakap ngarru kunak apa. ‘Her, she came from Wumara. I think we come from the same area.’ Karrkpurnangani akutju tuka arrkinganka tuka kamalangali muka. ‘Now we're back at the same place we left, where this tree is.’ Awulingan inimany wurlurlu. ‘They stood there and he hugged him.’ See:�awulingan�‘be siblings’; kilangali�‘be born’; ingalkpany�‘To have been born in a place, have grown up in a place’; kinyji�‘choke’; yili (kingurrin). Category:�Peoples and clans, Remain stationary.

lv.

kililmikpin��iv. tremble. Amurtpiny awulilmikpinang la amarkpungkuny awungurriny parak. ‘They were afraid (and) trembling and went and ran away.’ See:�nulilil�‘newborn child’. Category:�General terms, fear, shock, surprise.

Kilimu��noun. word that Kortaweli says in his own language. Category:�Language.

kilintin��iv. have legs wide apart. Category:�Remain stationary. Note: May be in kiniwuta paradigm like kimilinta

kilirrinymin��iv. angry, (sun) be hot. Nakapa ilirrinyminy ngaw. ‘He was angry with her.’ Qe, kangarra warak kinyjirrinymin parakapa jita muwarnapa. ‘We're going along and the sun's starting to get hot now.’ See:�lirri�‘angry’; nulirri�‘dangerous, angry, cheeky’. Category:�Hate, anger.

kilulku��iv. stuck, bogged. ilulkuny ‘It got bogged’. Ilulkuny ja mutika tuka irnkirr. ‘The vehicle is stuck in the mud.’ La ja luluj ingurriny ngampiwi ilulkuny? ‘So the dog ran and where did it get stuck?’ See:�lulkuntulku�‘stuck’; kinilulku�‘stay, stick’; kilulkuntulku�‘stuck, trapped’; kiniyamparlkarlku�‘cut up meat (of turtle or dugong)’. Category:�Waiting, doing nothing.

kilulkuntulku��iv. 1�•�stuck, trapped. Syn:�kilulku. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

2�•�not able to comprehend, understand. Syn:�kinilulku. Category:�Waiting, doing nothing.

kilurrangken��iv. 1�•�jump, fly, hop in. (Moon) rise. jurrk ‘jump!’; ilurrang ‘he jumped, he was born’; inyjurrangken ‘a girl is born’; An-kurrangke-na-ga. Koyanti karlurri kilurrangken ‘Look a bird's flying.’ Ankurrangkenaga. ‘You jump in.’ Ja kurrana kilurrangkenka kinnyutpa mapularr. ‘The full moon rose and made the sea calm (the sea is often calm when there is a full moon in the sky)’. See:�jurrk�‘jump! (ideophone)’; awulurrangkekenyjing�‘try and take over somebody else's place’; kelkpa�‘bare young, lay eggs’; kilangali�‘participate in ceremony’. Category:�Vertical motion, Movement in and out.

2�•�be born. Usage:�A commonly used term but not considered as polite as ilangalingan. Ilurrang kingurlkparryu. ‘She gave birth to a baby.’ Kurlingka warrawurnji inyjurrang? ‘Was it a girl that was born?’ Takapa anturrangkenang lirri. ‘That's how they make trouble.’ See:�lirri�‘trouble’; kawulurrangkeken. Category:�Reproduction. Anth: Traditionally older women held the woman while she gave birth. One held her from behind around the waist. The arms and knees were also held

3�•�interrupt person speaking, take over story. Category:�Language.

kilurrjen��iv. pole canoe or boat along. Yarrangung ilurrjenang. ‘He was poling the canoe along.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kilurtpujpin��iv. become short. ilurtpujpiny. Nakapa ilurtpujpiny ja iwiya. ‘His hair is shorter.’ See:�ilurtpuj�‘short’; kinilurtpujpa�‘make short’. Category:�Size and weight.

kilyakut��noun. big. Usage:�Not as common as karrkpin Nakapa ja kilyakut. ‘It was a big one.’ See:�karrkpin�‘big’. Category:�Size and weight.

kirluwukpin��iv. gather honey in the comb. Nguran ngarluwukpinang. ‘I went getting honey comb.’ Category:�Bees and honey, Hunting.

kima��aux. auxiliary verb. See:�yura�‘coverb’; marr�‘coverb’; put�‘close’; kinima�‘father to’.

kimajpungkin��iv. get up, set off. Imajpungkiny yarrangung parak. ‘He got up and went on his way.’ Katpun turuy, imajpunjing ying nungmatpa kunak awuniwu. ‘If we transgress, something bad will happen.’ yaminapa ja nuka apa tatken imajpungkun ‘the crow got up and went with the stone axe’. Syn:�kimartpungkin. See:�kinimajpungku�‘raise, lift up’; kilarrikpin�‘rise’. Category:�Change stance, Activity manner.

kimaju��iv. 1�•�tired, sick, dead. Ngamaju tuka wurak. ‘I feel ill in the stomach.’ Ngapi ngamaju ngawari, ngawari tuka yurnu. ‘(I can't hold that because) I have sores on my hand’. ja kamaju ‘the dead’. See:�kimajunmajun�‘very sick’. Category:�Illness and death, Discomfort and pain.

Restrict:�LL subject 2: kangmaju�•�the water is lowering. Can be in a billabong or can describe the tide going out. Kangmaju la kanima kirrk ta marrgaragara. ‘When the tide goes out all the discolouration comes out.’ Ta wurl kangmaju. ‘The water in the billabong is receding.’ Ta wupaj kangmaju. ‘The water is receding.’ See:�kinnyarajpun�‘roast’. Syn:�kiyintun. Category:�Water bodies.

lv.

kimajunmajun��iv. 1�•�be chronically ill. See:�kimaju�‘tired, sick, dead’. Category:�Discomfort and pain.

2�•�die. Restrict:�PL subject Ta kayirrk, qe, kayirrkapa amajunmajungan kirrk. ‘Now the old people have all died.’ Awuniwung kirrkapa amajungmajungan ‘He hit them all so they were really dead’. Category:�Illness and death.

Restrict:�LL subject 3: angmajunmajun�•�water get low, for example in a creek, when the dry season is beginning. Malany awaninganapa ta marlkpakpangung nakapa anmajunmajungan. ‘Later when they came towards the time of burning off, the water got low.’ Category:�Flowing water.

lv.

kimalaminmin��iv. he, it is rotating. ngamalaminmin, karrpalaminmin, ngatpalaminmin, kanyalaminmin, kutpalaminmin, kinymalaminmin, kamalaminmin. Ngawu katja arriwayan ja kimalaminmikpin. ‘Come and look at the thing which rotates (helicopter).’ about the giant dance See:�kinimalamanma�‘stir, twist’.

kimalkpa��iv. 1�•�arrive, come out, appear, find. imalkpany ‘He arrived’. Punyi imalkpany. ‘Father has arrived’. Kungmalkpanyi! Yunyi kankangali ngilikilik la kungmalkpanyi! ‘Out with it! Don't whisper but (speak) out!’ angmalkpany ‘sap came out of the tree’. See:�kinymalkpa muwarn�‘sunrise, east’; kilarlmalkpa�‘emerge from’; kamamalkpajpungkun�‘morning star’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention, Movement relating to fixed point.

2�•�be father to. Qe nakapa ja nuyi anmalkpany, ja nakapa, (next line) ja wurakak. ‘Yes, he's your father that one, the crow.’ ja ngapi ngamalkpany ‘my father’. See:�kinimalkpa�‘be father to’. Category:�family, inc moieties. See:�kinyuryi muwarn�‘west, sunset’.

ta ngatpalkpany kirrka��we, the new generation. Category:�Ages.

kimalngkawun��iv. change within, become different. Imalngkawuny aniyarruning ta nungmalal. ‘He changed to follow that which is good.’ Nuka ja kapin kimalngkawun nakapa marrik koyanyjing apa kungmuy. ‘That man's changed and you can't hardly recognise him.’ Pa aniwurrung "A, ngungpurrun arrarrkpi yara imalngkawuyi." ‘Then he thought "Oh, it could be a person who's changed themselves into a buffalo."’ See:�kimirlkpungen�‘change in appearance’; kinimalngajpun�‘make more of something’. Category:�General.

kimarlililijpikpin��iv. straighten (or stretch) ones arms. Tuka kimin ta kimarlililpikpin. ‘This (stretching out arms) is kimarlililipikpin. (does movement)’. See:�kimilitpakan�‘stretch arms or legs out’; kimarren�‘stretch out hand’. Category:�Change stance.

kimarlmanpun��iv. be satisfied. imarlmanpung ‘He was satisfied’. Ngapi ngamarlmanpung kirrk. ‘I am well satisfied.’ Parangapa amarlmanpung kirrk. ‘So they were satisfied (with his playing.)’ See:�wunkun�‘satisfied’; kingamarlmanpukpun�‘tempt’. Category:�Illness, Judgement, evaluation.

kimarlpungkun��iv. escape, run off. Maruny imarlkpungkuny parak. ‘The bandicoot escaped.’ Category:�Movement in and out.

kimamanta��iv. lean on, put weight on. anmamanta(ka) ‘you're leaning on me!’ anmamantiny ‘you stood on my foot’. See:�kinimamanta�‘put pressure on’. Category:�Pressing.

kimangawun��iv. cough. kinymangawun ‘She's coughing.’. Ngapi ngamangawun. ‘I'm coughing.’ Kimangawun ngurlk aniwujirrawntiny malany kimangawun. ‘He's coughing, he smelt the dust so he's coughing.’ See:�martalkanyi�‘sneeze’; wumanga�‘source of a creek’. Category:�Automatic actions.

kimaranmararrikun��iv. sick, weakly, poor. Ja arrarrkpi ja kimaranmararrikun marrik aniwurru ta kiki imi yanat piyu. ‘The sickly, poor man does not know what to do with himself.’ See:�namurarri�‘sick’. Category:�Healing and fitness.

kimarawutiki��iv. curled, crossed, tangled. Nuka ja imarawutikiny. ‘He has curly hair.’ Category:�Arrangement, Head.

kimarkpukpun��iv. travel slowly. Ngatpamarkpukpunpi. ‘We will travel slowly (in that direction).’ See:�kinimarkpukpun�‘slow down’; kimarkpungku�‘travel slowly’. Category:�Activity manner.

kimarrawakpen��iv. wear something, be dressed. Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

kimarren��iv. reach, stretch out hand. Imarreny iminy, "Aku". ‘He stretched out his hand and said, "Alright".’ Kilangali tuka what is it? a goal, kimarre. ‘He's standing at the goal and reaching out.’ See:�kimarlililijpikpin�‘straighten (stretch) legs’. Category:�Change stance.

kimartjikpin��iv. Restrict:�MA subject become daylight, early morning. imartjikpiny ‘it was early morning’. Imartjikpinang la imajpungkiny. ‘When it became daylight he arose.’ See:�kiyitpirrakan�‘dawn approach’. Category:�Sky, Daily.

kimartpungkin��iv. get up, set off. Tatken imartpungkuny. ‘He got up with the stone axe.’ amartpungkin Syn:�kimajpungkin. See:�kinnyartpungku�‘lift up’.

kimartukpun��iv. obey, believe, respect, agree to. Anpamartukpun ngaw kamu. ‘You will obey mother’. Syn:�kilarrki. See:�imartuk�‘Silver Bream’. Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

kimija��iv. paddle. Amijantungpu la wemin ja miri. ‘They paddled for each other with the oar.’ See:�kimijakanka�‘do amurl movement wumarrk, like paddling’. Category:�Manipulation, Travel by vehicle.

kimijakanka��iv. Do amurl dance movement that is low down and looks a bit like paddling a canoe. Kamijakanka wumarrk. ‘They do the low down amurl movement.’ See:�kimija�‘paddle canoe’. Category:�Horizontal movements.

kimila��iv. hurry. Usage:�used only in present and imperative tense with no special tense marker for imperative. Variant:�Malalkukuj form. imila ‘he must be quick’; anmila ‘hurry! be quick!’. Ma, anmila. ‘Come on, hurry.’ Ngamilang nguntalkpany. ‘I went too fast and missed a bit (lit: took a shortcut)’. See:�kinnyakataka�‘hurry’; raw�‘eat it!’. Category:�Activity manner.

kimilitpakan��iv. stretch, stretch out arms or legs. Ngamilitpakpan. ‘I stretch myself (stretch arms and/or legs out).’ Kawani tuka yungku la kawuntuwunyaka la kawuntumilitpakpa pata wigarnpa la wilarri. ‘They warm the patient near the fire and put the poultice their legs. They they feel good.’ See:�arr�‘pull, tow or drag something’; kimarlililijpikpin�‘straighten (stretch) legs’. Category:�Change stance.

kimilkun��iv. moan, groan. Arlarrarr marrik yalyunyi ja imirlkukenang. ‘He couldn't hear anyone moaning there.’ See:�kinimirlkun�‘moan, groan’. Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kimilunta��iv. shit. See:�kiwunta�‘shit’; tirrk�‘shit’. Category:�Illness.

kimirlkpungen��iv. 1�•�turn around, Kangmirlkpungen ta kunak. ‘The earth's turning.’ Kapin kanmirlkpungen kun kirrwara. ‘You turned your back to him (while he was talking to you)’. apirlkpungakenangapa ‘The wind turned around’. See:�kingulkpurlnga�‘turn around’; kiw�‘lie, sleep’; kiwun�‘be’. Category:�Change stance.

2�•�change in appearance. Karlurri amilkpungeny apa karlurri yirrik ajirrik nakapa wiyiniyirrk arrarrkpi. ‘They became birds, for a long time they were people.’ Warramumpik inymirlkpungeny ninypalu. ‘The woman's appearance changed (ie. she is expecting a baby).’ See:�kapin�‘like, similar’; kimalngkawun�‘change’. Category:�General.

3: kangmirlkpungen�•� Kayirrk warrwak apa la, ta warrwak angmirlkpungeny pu wanji pa warlk mampulalkuny mata kantaji awk. ‘And later on they got the idea of cutting down all those hollow trees.’ Angmirlkpungenypu wanji. Kayirrkapa kampuwakpi arawirr. ‘They changed their minds. Now they play didjeridoo.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kimin��iv. 1�•�be. Usage:�with modifier complement Kimin numalal. ‘He is good.’ Kamamin rlaw mata warlk. ‘The wood is bent.’ Ngaminang warranyngiw. ‘I was a child.’ Category:�Remain stationary.

2�•�do. angminy. Kuna nuyu ja arrarrkpi kimin? ‘Why is the man doing that?’ wakapa Wangarran kangurtiny parak kapa angminy parak wawurri. ‘Wangarran stretches right inland, part of it is inland (it's a large area).’ kangminka ‘the road comes towards us, possibly down a slope’. Category:�General terms.

3�•�say something, tell a story, talk a language, talk, call someone or something by name. Make a noise (of nonhuman subjects). mamam ja ngapi ngamin nuyu ‘My Mamam, I call him 'Mamam'.’ Ngaminy nuyu arlarrarr. ‘I said to him there is nothing here.’ Malany apumanpuning apinang "Rtol!" ta malngpi. ‘As they were biting them the malngpi nuts went "Crack!"’ See:�kinini�‘say something’. Category:�Language.

4�•�go. Nganukiya ngampiwi nganamin parak ta alan. ‘Show me where to take the path.’ Qe yarranka iminyka kapa Kunpalanya. ‘So he went to Oenpelli.’ Category:�General terms.

Restrict:�LL subject 5: kangmin�•�it's happening, that's how it is. Ya, nungpakapa angminang ta wularrut. ‘Yes, that's how it has been for a long time.’ Iyarlmu kangmin kirrk. ‘Spirit children, those ones.’ Kayirrkapa kangmin akutju ta nungpaka ngarrayan ta kingurrin. ‘Today those things happen when we see it moving.’ See:�imina�‘modal particle’; kinginka�‘speak’. Category:�Remain stationary.

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kiminyjinymakpa��iv. a peace-loving person, satisfied. Ngapi ngaminyjinymakpa. ‘I am a peace-loving person, make myself not to fight.’ See:�numinyjiny�‘peaceful, satistfied’. Category:�Fight.

kimirawn��iv. sing. imirawni. Amirawning pu pata arrarrkpi. ‘They were singing to the people.’ Kimirawn ja Inyjalarrku. ‘They're singing Inyjalarrku.’ See:�tiyip�‘bring down’. Category:�Play, perform, joke.

kimirawtpirawning�� Naka Inyjalarrku imirawtpirawning. ‘He was known as a singer of Inyjalarrku.’

kimitjan��iv. paddle (canoe). Yanat imitjantung parak Ilili. ‘He paddled (the canoe) as far as Ilili.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kimirtpujpakpa��iv. rumpled up. See:�kinimirtpujpakpa�‘fold, coil’; kimirtpujpin�‘curled, rolled up’. Category:�Arrangement.

kimirtpujpin��iv. curl up, coil up. kimurtpujpin ja arukin. ‘The snake is coiled up.’ See:�kinimirtpujpa�‘gather’. Category:�Arrangement.

kimurlutpin��iv. become old. Wularrut ngamurlutpin la kunpuni mawarlkanya. ‘I'm old now but (before) I would have knocked you down.’ Category:�Illness and death.

kimurnangani��iv. 1�•�return. Imurnanganinyka akutju kani Warruwi. ‘He returned to Warruwi again.’ ngatpurnatpurnanganyangka ‘we were all coming back’. amurnanganinyka ‘they came back’. See:�murnangani�‘return, bring back’. Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

2 : kangmurnangani�•�remember, recall, think back. Kangmurnanganiga ngartu pa ngawunpurrun. ‘Memories came back to me and I thought of them (people who had died).’ Angmurnanganya nuwurru ta wuwugi. ‘Remember the old days!’ Angpurnatpurnanganinyka, ngartu ta wurrgarl. ‘I remember the dreams.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

Restrict:�LL subject 3�•�next time something happens, or next day. La pa angmurnanganinyapa ta (yuranapa) inimanyka ja waliman. ‘And then the next day he went and got the axe.’ Like angmurnanganinyka, next day ey? Category:�Longer.

Restrict:�LL subject 4�•�blame (OBL). Kangmurnangani ngaw inyanat kirrk ‘She was blamed for everything.’ Pa angmurnanganiny kirrk ngaw inyanat. ‘All the blame was put on her (for a fight she was involved in).’ Kurrkinka pa angpamurnanganinyka ngarrurru. ‘You had a fight and they will bring it back at us.’ See:�kinnyurtjun. Category:�Fight.

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kimurntulmurranymin��iv. distended. Imurntulmurranyminy naka ja arrarrkpi. Kunuka iniwany? ‘That man has a distended (abdomen). What did he eat?’ See:�kimurranymin�‘become big’. Category:�Discomfort and pain.

kimurranymin��iv. become big, grow. Imurranyminy ja pinana. ‘The bananas have grown.’ Malany naka kayirrk putarr tuka arrarangpi wularrut amurranymekpiny wimun amalkpany jalaga pa kayirrk la iniyarlmany mirnta yamin. ‘When years back we went along, long ago when the kids had grown up big, after they came into adulthood. After that he got old and died’. See:�kinimurranyma�‘rear, bring up’; kimurntulmurranymin�‘distended’. Category:�Automatic actions, General.

kimurtpin��iv. afraid of, afraid for, worried about. Kimurtpin ja arrarrkpi. ‘The man is afraid.’ Kimurtpin nuyu ja warranyngiw. ‘He is afraid for the child.’ Ngamurtpin ngaw. ‘I'm worried about her.’ See:�kinimurtpa�‘fear’; numurrpikpin�‘frightened’; angmirriyangkayiny�‘area of land or road become safe after a death’. Category:�fear, shock, surprise.

2�•�iv. avoid each other because of kinship taboos. Kamurtpinang ta ngartu wiyu. ‘They avoid me.’ Kimurtpin ngaw la yamin. ‘They avoid each other (eg. two mawawiny)’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kimuyi��iv. believe. Marrik amuyina ta iminang pu. ‘They didn't believe what he was saying to them.’ See:�numuyi�‘because’; kinimuy�‘ignorant’. Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

kinikpi��tv. wake (person), disturb (birds). A! Kurrimany la inikping. ‘Oh! Get him or he'll wake him up.’ Ngarrutpin parakapa kinnyayan mirlarrmirlarr ngarrikpi kimajpungkin. ‘We approach him, he sees the phosphorescence, we disturb him and he moves off.’ Malany nungpakapa inyngikpung. ‘Then she tried to wake the other one up.’ Category:�Sleep.

kinila��tv. eat, drink. ngunta ‘AD Text 16’; kurrilanyi ‘you eat it!’; kanila ‘he is drinking it’; katila ‘he is eating it’; ngarrata, karrata, katanyi ‘eat (yams), Yinkarnarrk’; ta ngatanyi ‘that I can eat’; ta arratangung ‘that we ate’; kuntang ‘see marnngalk entry’; kapany (could be kapwany with very slight labialzation) ‘you ate it’; kapanala ‘you will eat’. Iwaning inilangung irratat. ‘He was sitting eating meat.’ Nuyi kapany ta walij? ‘Did you eat yet?’ arratanyi ‘let's eat’. See:�kila�‘burn’; kiniwanpun�‘eat until full’; kinilanta�‘feeds on, feed’; raw�‘eat!’. Category:�Illness.

Restrict:�liquid object 2 kanila�•�tv. drink. Kawani kangpula nuntirri. ‘They are sitting drinking alcohol.’ Ja luluj kanila kurrula. ‘The dog is drinking seawater’. nukawk apa ja kawarra raw kiwula yaliwi ‘Those ones keep drinking that rubbish stuff.’ Category:�Illness.

Restrict:�MA subject 3 kinila�•�tv. hurt. Kunuka kiniwany? ‘What happened to him?/What hurt him?’ Nganila wanji. ‘My head hurts.’ Category:�Discomfort and pain.

Restrict:�MA object 4 kinila�•�tv. miscarry. Ingalang ‘She might miscarry’. Ingawany. ‘She lost her baby / miscarried.’ Usage:�Female subject Category:�Reproduction.

ingalangung muwarn��NVidiom. 1�•�dry in the sun. Iwutpangung tuka muwarn ingalangung kirrk. ‘Next they would put it out in the sun to heat it up (pounded up pandanus stem).’ Category:�Properties of surface, General change of state.

2�•�be affected by the sun. Sun give person sunstroke. Muwarn nganngawany. ‘I got sunstroke (Lit: The sun 'ate' me).’ Kunngawany muwarn. ‘You are affected by the sun, for example if you walk a long way.’ Kunngawany mira, muwarn. ‘You get really struck by the sun.’ Category:�Sickness.

kinilagalun��tv. drag, push or pull something heavy and resistant. Kiwuwuta alguru pa kiwulagalunka tuka ajput. ‘They tie it with a rope and drag it to the beach.’ Like kinilagalun ja mutika. ‘He pushes the car.’ See:�kalagala�‘tail’; kiyarntagali�‘wear on feet’. Syn:�arr (kimin). Category:�Manipulation.

kinilagarun��tv. stop briefly. Ngarrilagarun. ‘We stop playing briefly (and then start again, in the middle of the song).’ Category:�Judgement, evaluation. Note: May be restricted to singing

kinilagatpi��tv. 1�•�hold in front of body, in arms or on hip. Kinilagatpi ja warranyngiw. ‘He is holding the child in his arms.’ Ingagatpung jara ja ingarkpany yurrng ‘She carried him in her arms and the other one she carried on her shoulders.’ Kingalagatpi ja warranyngiw. ‘She is nursing the child.’ See:�kinnyarkpa�‘carry on back/shoulders’; kiniwuyatpi�‘hold in arms’. Category:�Holding, sticking.

2�•�meet. Nginyjagatpung jita ngatingan tuka ta karrungpunwilpin. ‘I met my sister at the river crossing.’ Category:�Movement relating to moving object.

3�•�surround. Ya imalkpanykapa ja namapapa awunilagatpung. ‘Yeah, the group of fighters arrived and he surrounded them.’ Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

kinilagurrun��tv. Deceive, trick, do something different to what was expected. Nuka inilagurruning. ‘He was deceiving him.’ Iningikjung ngartu, nganilarung. ‘He deceived me.’ Ngantularung. ‘You lied to me.’ See:�kiningikjun�‘trick’; lagarr�‘lie, deceive’; kunakay�‘excuse me’. Category:�Language, Concealment, Judgement, evaluation.

kinilakajpun��tv. ask about something, not for something. Awaning inilakajpuning ja nuwarlkparrakan. ‘As they sat there he was asking the old man (about it).’ Ngapi ngantakajpuni. ‘Talk to me.’ Kerra warak kinilakajpun ja arrarrkpi yirratat la kimin nuyu, "Ngapi nawurnirri ja yirratat." ‘The man goes off to ask for meat and he says to him, "I don't have any meat."’ See:�kinnyakajpun�‘read’. Syn:�kinilalken. Category:�Language.

kinilakantawn��tv. 1�•�feed, e.g. child or old man. Kulakantawn. ‘You're feeding him.’ Ngilantawning warranyngiw. ‘I was feeding the child.’ Category:�Illness.

2�•�get food for, for example potential son-in-law gets food for his potential spouse's parents. Can include giving money now. Kuwayalma wu karlurri walij apanamawu kunuka yirrik anpunpalakantawn inyanatjanat. ‘"Look for game for them, get food for them, anything like that, you’. See:�kinilanta�‘feed on’. Category:�Illness.

kinilakpa��tv. answer. Marrik awunngalakpanyi. ‘She didn't answer them.’ Kinyjaja kingalakpa. ‘She calls out, answering him.’ Yanat kinginka kinilakujpun yamin ali kinilakpa. ‘Like he's talking, he asks him and then it's his turn, he answers him.’ See:�kinilakpalkpa�‘tell secret’. Category:�Language.

kinilakpa marrarawk��noun. Large Rock Cod. Epinephelus sp.. See:�Ngunymin�‘Rock Cod’. Category:�Rock cods. Anth: Makes a loud, deep, long sound.

kinilakpalkpa��tv. pass on secret information. Speak out about hidden matter, confess. Anth: When someone tells someone something secret, or hidden about what someone did. Inilakpalkpany kirrk. ‘He told him all about it.’ Kayirrk iminypu "Naka inimany wungpulaj". Kinilakpalkpa. ‘Now he says to them "That one stole (something)". He tells him (the secret).’ inyngalalkpany ‘she told her a secret’. See:�kinilakpa�‘answer’. Category:�Language, Concealment.

kinilakpalyirrkpun��tv. fill right up to the top. Inilakpalyirrkpung ja palaji. ‘He filled the bag to the top.’ Category:�Arrangement, Reproduction.

kinilakparrki��tv. 1�•�cut the meat out of the clam shell. Inimany maminga inilakparrkang. ‘He took the clam shell and cut out the meat.’ See:�kantakparrki�‘spear cut ground’. Category:�Divide, cut, tear, Shellfish.

Restrict:�LL object 2�•�Eat sand, a habit of some fish. kanilakparrki ‘What fish mungkulurrut, nayuma and mirrk do as a habit.’ Category:�Illness, Fish.

kinilakpawun��tv. interrupt. Kunyjakpawung jita ninyparlkparrakan. ‘You interrupted the old lady.’ Category:�Language.

kinilakpiwa��tv. make stronger or heavier. Inilakpiwany ja waliman. ‘He made the axe stronger.’ See:�kilakpiwen�‘become heavy’. Category:�Size and weight.

kinilakpunyanpunya��tv. answered back, e.g. child being cheeky or rude when he is told to do something. See:�kanilakpunya�‘roast in coals’. Category:�Language.

kinilakpungunta��tv. share out. Kiki ja arralakpungunta paki. ‘Let us share the tobacco.’ Apulakpangunta means sharing it out amongst themselves. See:�kawulakpuntikin. Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kinilakpurnangani��tv. reply to, talk back to (not in rude sense). Also used to mean 'translate'. Ngarrunngalakpurnangani. ‘She answers us.’ inilakpurnanganya ‘tell that boy to go and translate for them’. Kinilakpurnangani. ‘He's translating for them.’ Category:�Language.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kanilakpurnangani�•�tv. answer the question. Kanilakpurnangani. ‘He translates it.’ Inyanat kinginka, kanilakpurnangani ngaw. ‘She's talking, he's translating for him.’ Kanilakpurnangani ngaw la yamin. ‘They're explaining for each other.’ Category:�Language.

Restrict:�LL object 3: kanilakpurnangani�•�tv. tell the meaning of a dream. Category:�Language.

kinilakputaka��tv. follow in song, e.g. we'll follow her (while she sings),we'll pick it up. Ngarrunngukiga juka la ngarrungmuy Ngalangila ngarrinypalakputaka. ‘She'll show us because we don't know it, we'll sing along with Ngalangila.’ See:�kinnyarrarlkutaka�‘add to what is already there’. Category:�Song and dance.

kinilakpuya��tv. cover. Inilakpuyany kirrk ja warranyngiw. ‘He covered the child completely.’ Ngarrilakpuyakapa maryawu. ‘We cover the tortoises with paperbark.’ ngalakpuyeny ‘he covers himself’; kawulakpuyen ‘They cover themselves.’. La marrik awunpulakpuyanjingka. ‘And they don't cover us with sand (we do it ourselves).’ See:�kanilakpunya. Category:�Concealment.

kinilakujpa��tv. 1�•�kiss. Inilakujpany ja warranyngiw anyak. ‘He kissed the little child.’ Pukapa kinyilakujpa ‘They're kissing.’ See:�kilakujpin�‘be quiet, stop crying’; kinnyujpa�‘lick, suck’; kilakujpakpa�‘plead guilty (by not speaking up about it)’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

2�•�comfort, stop from crying. Kulakujpanyi. ‘You stop him crying!’ See:�kilakujpin�‘quiet’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events, Non language human voice sounds.

kinilakula��tv. Restrict:�MA object explain. Kingalakula ta wurrwurr. ‘She explained something new.’ Iwulakula nuwurru ta wurluj. ‘They explained the news to you.’ Kingalakula wu "Tuka kutpanamin pa ta arriwarnaken yangali". ‘She explains to them "Do it like this, this is how we weave baskets".’ Category:�Language.

kinilakunyi��tv. refuse, prohibit. Punyi nganilakunyi. ‘Father won't let me.’ Cause iwulakunyeny ja kiyap. ‘Because they refused to give him fish (Crow story)’. Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

kinilakurma��tv. imitate, perform a character. Inilakurmangung. ‘He was imitating him.’ Kiwulakurma Yumparrparr. ‘They're dancing Yumparrparr (i.e. performing as and imitating Yumparrparr)’. Iwulakurmay. ‘Anybody might dance (as the orange and white giant).’ Syn:�imalmakpany. See:�kilakurma�‘sign’. Category:�Play, perform, joke.

kinilakurunyma��tv. 1�•�pull together, gather together, tighten, narrow, fold. Inilakurunymany ja manpurrwa. ‘He pulled the edges of the material together.’ Category:�Manipulation.

2�•�come together as a group. Iwanilakpurunyma. ‘They will group together.’ Category:�Arrangement.

kinilalken��tv. 1�•�ask. Ngiwalalken ja Nangila. ‘I will ask Nangila.’ Kinilalken, kinimiyarma kunuka yirrik, iwannyun. ‘He asks him, like he wants him to give him something’. Kuntalkena? ‘Can I ask you something?’ See:�kilalken; kawulalkanyjilin; kinilakajpun. Category:�Language.

2�•�hear. La ta tora muj kamin "Kurruntalkena." ‘And others say "We want hear you."’ "Malany kurrilalkany" kaminka namatpa kupuny. ‘"So did you hear him?' They say to us, the other canoe.’ Ka la yalyung la manilalkay. ‘He might hear.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

3�•�taste. Kanilalken. ‘He's tasting the water.’ Kanilalken (ta) wupaj. ‘He's tasting the water.’ Katilalken ta walij. ‘He's tasting the vegetable food.’ Apulalkeny karajarrk. ‘They tasted something sweet.’ Ngatalkeny karajarrk. ‘I tasted something sweet.’ Kulalken ngungmalal? ‘Does it taste good? (prompt: how does it taste?)’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention, Illness.

Restrict:�ED object 4: katilalken�•�suffer (physical pain not emotional pain). Yung atilalkenang mira. ‘He was lying there suffering a lot.’ See:�kinilalku. Category:�Discomfort and pain.

kinilalku��tv. 1�•�cut. ilalkany ‘he cut himself’; arralalku, AD Text₁₆, kurrilalkung, Yinkarnarrk. Inilalkuny manjawak. ‘He cut it with a knife.’ mampulalkuny ‘they cut it down (tree)’. Kilalku. ‘He cut himself once (eg with a knife).’ See:�kinilalken�‘ask’; kanilalkpa�‘cutting across country’. Category:�Divide, cut, tear.

2�•�spear (with a shovel spear). Inilalkuny rlama. ‘He speared it with a shovel spear.’ See:�kinirrka�‘spear fish’; rlama�‘shovel spear’; irrkaka�‘man hunting with a spear’. Category:�Pierce, shoot.

kanilalku (kunak)��lie on side. See:�kiw kinilalku�‘lie on side’. Category:�Remain stationary.

kinilarlukpun��tv. Restrict:�MA subject Die, e.g. a dog, may only be for animals. Luluj inilarlukpung. ‘My dog died.’ Category:�Illness and death.

kinilanta��tv. feed on. See:�kinila�‘eat’. Naka ja kinilanta. ‘He eats a lot (of meat, fish etc.)’ Marrik awanyjiyu, awarranyi apulantanyi ‘They couldn't stay alive just by eating.’ Category:�Illness. See:�kamanilanta wurak�‘Hairfin Goby (fish type)’; kinilakantawn�‘feed, get food for’; kinilantawn�‘load harpoon’; kinila�‘eat’. Category:�Illness.

kinilantawn��tv. Restrict:�MA object put the harpoon into position ready to aim and hit target. Anmila kulantawni la wularrut karrkpalka tuka itamuki. ‘Quick, get the harpoon ready, because we are getting close to where the turtle grounds are.’ See:�kinilanta�‘feed’.

kinilangaka��tv. 1�•�send. Ngilangakan parak ja marryun. ‘I sent the boy away.’ Ja kapala akutju ingalangaka warak. ‘The boat will be sent off again.’ Nganilangakan tuka yanat nuyu kunak. ‘He sent me to his land.’ See:�kilangaka�‘float’. Category:�Manipulation.

2�•�Drive (the vehicle). Inilangakan mira ja mutika. ‘He drove the car fast.’ Category:�Travel by vehicle.

kinilangali��tv. 1�•�stand something up. Kanipa manilangali. ‘There he made the mark (lit: He made it (the peg) stand up there)’. Syn:�kinilangani. See:�irri�‘oil, fat, hair oil, fuel’. Category:�Manipulation.

2�•�bring up children. inilangaliny ‘he brought him up’. See:�kilangali. Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kinilanganakpi��tv. chase. Inilanganakpangung parak. ‘He was chasing him away.’ Category:�Movement relating to moving object, Manipulation.

kinilangani��tv. stand something up, put in vertical position. Plant trees. Inilanganing wurrkurr. ‘He was standing them in rows.’ Tuka wumawurr iwuyarruning rlagaj iwulanganyang la iwumangung. ‘He went for them in the creek. He dammed the creek with his rlagaj nets and got them.’ inilanganyang See:�kinilangali�‘stand’; kilangali�‘be born’. Category:�Manipulation. Note: Used for Yinkarnarrk planting trees in the dreamtime

kinilangkatpa��tv. 1�•�signal, give sign, let know. Awanapa awuntalangkatpa. ‘They will go and signal them.’ Ta karrpin anngawuni yirrirri naka karrpuntangkatpa ta kawarra jinyngu wupurrk. ‘When we say anngawuni yirrirri it means that we are signalling to them as they come along in the dark at night.’ Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

2�•�let know. Kinilangkatpa. ‘He lets him know, eg. someone's coming on the plane, like his wife or kids.’ Inypalangkatpakpangung ‘they were teaching her’. Kiwalangkatpakpa makiny la ngaminy, kiki wiwi ngalyunyi nuwu ja kuwarnangajpukpuni. ‘They teach him to read and my wiwi said, "I'll listen and you read."’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

3�•�remind. Kuwalangkatpa ja punyi ara. ‘You will remind father, won't you.’ Category:�Language.

4�•�receive sign, e.g. conception sign. See:�kilangkatpa�‘find out’; kinnyuki�‘show, teach’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

5�•�know person. Ngatangkatpan. ‘We know her very well (the nurse who came back to work at Warruwi, who worked here a long time ago.)’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kinilarkpungku��tv. Deduct, take out. Ja rrupiya wu pata kawnjul la pata kawuyama kurrampalk naka kingalangatpungku wu. ‘The money for the council and the ones who work for housing, well, she takes it out for them.’ Category:�Transfer.

kinilarkpungku��tv. pull out, pull off. Naka inilarkpungkuny iyigi. ‘He pulled out the tooth.’ See:�kilarukpungkun�‘become unhooked’. Category:�Manipulation.

kinilarrani��tv. chastize. Inilarranyang. ‘He was chastizing him.’ See:�kinilarrun�‘loud noise approach’. Category:�Language, Judgement, evaluation.

kinilarrikpi��tv. lift up, raise up. Yanat inilarrikpung inimany parak. ‘He lifted him up and carried him away.’ See:�kilarrikpin�‘rise’. Syn:�kinimajpungku. Category:�Location and distance, Manipulation.

kinilarrngani��verb. raise something up while hanging. iwumajpungkuny inypularrnganiny iwumajpungkuny inypularrnganiny ‘They lifted him up and stood/hung him on the cross.’ See:�kiniwularrun�‘finish’. Category:�Location and distance, Manipulation.

kinilarrun��tv. hear a big sound coming closer like a plane or thunder. Awarran la yara awalyungan kapin marrarawk awunilarraning. ‘After a while they heard the sound like lightning coming closer.’ Nganilarrang. ‘He came up behind me and made a loud noise givng me a fright.’ Kunilarrun. See:�kinilarrani�‘chastize’. Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kinilarrutpa��tv. Restrict:�MA object stay overnight, camp. Iwularrutpan arka. ‘They camped overnight along the way’. See:�kiwutpa�‘camp overnight’. Category:�Sleep.

kinilati��tv. put into something, put away. Transport (people or goods) in a vehicle or boat. Usage:�often occurs with -ki and/or -ga yiwulatjang. Inilatikiny tuka yangali. ‘He was putting (them) into the basket.’ Ngarrimany miri ngarrilatiny tuka kupuny. ‘We took the paddle put them into the canoe’. Pa yuranapa inilatjang kurlajuk. ‘So he went and collected eggs.’ See:�kilatin�‘be in something’. Category:�Manipulation.

kinilatparlangkata��tv. strengthen. Mananilatparlangkata maya mingkaga. ‘He will strengthen the fence.’ See:�nulatparlangkat�‘strong’; kilatparlangkayin�‘feel stronger’; angmirriyangkayiny�‘area of land or road becomes safe after a death’. Category:�General change of state.

kinilatpani��tv. stop, prevent. Inilatpaniny arka. ‘He stopped him from going any further.’ Category:�Holding, sticking.

kinilartpan��tv. paint, smear. Warranyngiw kurriwalartpan ja pitja. ‘Children, colour in the picture.’ Ngalartpa kujurn. ‘I'm painting myself with clay.’ Ngalartpa ngapi wiyu. ‘I'm painting myself.’ See:�kilartpin�‘paint self’. Category:�Transfer.

kinilawunyu��tv. 1�•�stupify fish by adding leaves of wurakpa tree to water. Category:�Hunting.

2�•�make drunk, cause to be in a stupor. Naka koyanti ja arrarrkpi ngapi ngilawunyung ngertawng ta nuntirri. ‘Look at the man I made drunk by giving him alcohol.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kinilawurulmuni��tv. put in position. Ngiwalawurulmuni iyigi. ‘I will position the barbs into the spear shaft.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiniliki��iv. Restrict:�SG subject 1�•�stand alone, in a dispute. Yanat ja Elijah iliking palat. ‘Elijah stood alone (against the others)’. Category:�Fight.

Restrict:�PL subject 2�•�side with each other, Stand by one another. Play a role, as in a play. karrkiki ‘'We take each other's part' or 'You're with us' (used in hymns)’. Ngarrurri karrkiki. ‘We take each other's part (in strife or trouble).’ See:�kinimarriyalan�‘take part’. Category:�Fight.

kinilirrngkan��tv. push along, pull along. Inilirrngkantung. ‘He was pushing it along.’ Kurlingka warramumpik kingalirrngka ja arrarrkpi? ‘Is the woman pushing the man?’ Iniyarrungungka tuka ilangingan la inilirrngkantiny ‘He follows him to where he's standing and he pushes him.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kinilulku��tv. 1�•�stay with, stick with, follow. Kiwraka la karrilulku. ‘He goes ahead and we keep up with him, follow him.’ Category:�Holding, sticking.

Restrict:�MA object 2�•�not understand. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention. See:�kilulku�‘stuck’; kilulkuntulku�‘stuck, trapped’. Syn:�kinilulkuntulku. Category:�Movement relating to moving object.

kinilulkuntulku��tv. 1�•�keep up with, stick with. Kiwraka la karrilulkuntulku. ‘He leads and we go along with him.’ Syn:�kinilulku. Category:�Movement relating to moving object.

2�•�be not able to comprehend it, understand it. Kawani kiwululkuntulku. ‘They do not comprehend it, they are stuck in their thinking about it.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kinilulwarrki��tv. join together. Nakapa inilulwarrjiny payp. ‘He joined the pipe together.’ Category:�Manipulation, Arrangement.

kinilunta��tv. fence in. Pulikang ngawunpanalunta la ngapamurntulku wu ngungpanama put ‘We fence in the cows and block them in and close them up.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiniluntu��tv. 1�•�scold, growl (Aboriginal English). Marryun ja numurrunti kiwuluntu akut. ‘The boy who was naughty, they keep on scolding.’ Kawuniluntu wumurra. ‘He growls at them (scold them).’ Only nuyipa kuniluntuwa. ‘It's only him who growls at you (you don't get involved and argue back so you are good and peaceful).’ See:�kantuntun�‘earth shake’. Category:�Language, Hate, anger.

2�•�make sorcery on. Iniluntungung mankarni. ‘The medicine man made sorcery on him.’ Category:�Sorcery.

kinilurrku��tv. be behind someone. Like kiwraka ja arrarrkpi la jita warramumpik kingalurrku. ‘The man is in front and the woman is behind him.’ See:�warrwak�‘later’; kiwraka. Category:�Arrangement.

kiniluta��tv. block, stand in someone's way. Nganiluta la imina rlirr warak. ‘He is in my way and should move away.’ Category:�Arrangement.

kinilutpa��tv. put down and leave. Inilutpan ja warranyngiw. ‘He put the child down.’ Yuran fishing kapa pa inyilutpan jita kawani. ‘He went fishing, so he dropped off his wife there.’ Awunilutpan awunnyarutpan. ‘He dropped them off but he just left them there (he never returned to pick them up again as expected.)’ See:�kinnyutpa�‘put down’. Syn:�kinnyarutpa. Category:�Manipulation.

kinilurtpujpa��tv. shorten, abbreviate. Inilurtpujpany ja manpurrwa. ‘He shortened the cloth.’ See:�ilurtpuj�‘short’; kilurtpujpin�‘become short’. Category:�Size and weight, General change of state.

kinima��tv. 1�•�take, get, bring. Ta kapala nganti arrunimang parak. ‘Somebody with a boat could take us.’ Jita kamu kingama kiyap. ‘Mother is getting fish now.’ Angamany ngartu wurluj. ‘She brought me news.’ Atimany ngaw yurnu ‘They're holding hands’. See:�kima�‘auxiliary’. Category:�Transfer.

2�•�father to. inyimany ‘her father (he is father to her)’. ngawunmany ‘I'm their father’. Syn:�kinimalkpa. Category:�family, inc moieties.

Restrict:�Female subject 3 : kingama�•�be pregnant. kingama ja warranyngiw Category:�Reproduction.

kanima ngaw ngaralk��phrase. learn a language. angamany ngaw ngaralk ‘she learnt the language’. Kuma ngaw ngaralk. ‘You are learning (language).’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kanima nuyu kunak��take a place. Category:�Transfer.

lv.

kinimajpungku��tv. raise up, lift up. -n, -a, ø. Inimajpungpungkun parak. ‘He lifted it up.’ Ma kiki ngatpina ngarrimajpungka because warranyngiw ngatpunatpang. ‘There was no way we could lift him up (into the boat) because we had kids with us.’ See:�kinnyartpungku�‘lift up’; kimajpungkin�‘get up’; kinilarrikpi�‘life up, raise up’. Category:�Manipulation.

ja kurrula kinimajpungku (yurrng)��phrase. the sea was rough. Category:�Movement of water.

kinimakan��tv. have sex with, have as spouse. Juka jita inyimakantung inyjangaling tuka kunak. ‘His wife was sitting in the camp.’ Nganimakan ‘I am his wife.’ nakapa ja awunimakantung ‘the one they had been married to (who was dead)’. See:�kinyiyirlwa�‘have sex with’; kawartpanyjilin�‘meet, marry’. Category:�Reproduction, Social responsibilities and events, family, inc moieties.

kinimalamanma��tv. 1�•�stir, twist. Inimalamanmangung kirrk. ‘He was stirring it all up.’ Iwumalamanmangung nuyu majarr. ‘They hold it's head and twist its neck (method for killing tortoise)’. Ara nangila ngapi ngapalamanman ta pupurru wurlumunwurlumun. ‘Oh, Nangila, I stirred the porridge and it is lumpy.’ See:�kimalaminmin�‘rotate’. Category:�Twist, bend.

Restrict:�LL object 2 kanimalamanma�•�twist one's tongue, used to describe the pronunciation of diffcult sounds such as the flap in Iwaidja. Category:�Manipulation, Twist, bend.

kinimalanyi��tv. curse by 'roasting', kill by such a curse. Kiwumalanyi. ‘They roast him (sorcery)’. Syn:�kinimalapa. Category:�Sorcery.

kinimalapa��tv. 1�•�put curse on or 'sing' someone. Nuka inimalapany. ‘He has sung him.’ Syn:�kinimalanyi. Category:�Sorcery.

2�•�drive. Restrict:�MA object Sarah ingamalapangung mutika. ‘Sarah was driving the car.’ Category:�Vertical motion.

kinimalkpa��tv. 1�•�be father or father's sister to. Nuka ja ngapi nganimalkpany. ‘This is my father.’ ngapi nganimalkpany ‘my father’. kayirrk la kaniwurrun apa yamin ja inimalkpany kimin "warranyngiw pa ngartu". ‘and then he thinks, the father and he says "Oh, it could be my child."’ Syn:�kinima, kimalkpa. Category:�family, inc moieties.

2�•�take out, make come out. Ma kurrungmalkpanyi ta ayuk! ‘Go on, do it the old way! (dance)’. See:�kinima�‘father to’; kimalkpa�‘arrive, come out’; kelkpa�‘bare young, lay eggs’. Category:�Manipulation.

Restrict:�LL object 3�•�(turtle) make noise or surface. La ja kanimalkpa mira ilijap putarr. ‘And the little one makes a big noise (the baby dugong or the turtle?).’ Category:�Non language human voice sounds, Reptiles and amphibians.

kinimalngajpun��tv. 1�•�make more of something. Yanat kanimalngajpun lirri ngarrurru. ‘He is making more trouble for us.’ Kinimalngajpun ja rubbish. ‘He's bringing rubbish into the house.’ See:�kiwmalngajpun�‘make mess’; kimalngkawun�‘change’. Category:�Appearance, General change of state.

Restrict:�Female subject, male object 2: kingamalngajpun�•�reproduce, lay eggs. Manpiri kingamalngajpun. ‘The green-back turtle is laying her eggs.’ Manpiri kingamalngajpun ja kurlajuk. ‘The turtle is laying eggs.’ Category:�Reproduction.

Restrict:�PL subject 3: awuntumalngajpung�•�Descend from (people). arruntumalngajpung ‘our.ancestors (they made us plentiful). our ancestors, those from whom we are descended. They made us a large family. Refers to recent ancestors such as deceased grandparents etc. not long-ago ancestors.’. See:�yumalngaj�‘good hunter (masculine)’. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kinimalngama��tv. laugh at. Nakapa iwumalngamang la awampiji. ‘They (the Inyjalarrku people) see him and don't recognise him so they laugh at him.’ See:�kempijin�‘laugh’. Category:�Play, perform, joke.

kinimalyakaka��tv. insult. Kawuntumalyakaka. ‘They are insulting him.’ Category:�Language.

kinimarlalku��tv. cut throat. Iningalkpung ja manpiri waliman imajunga apa la inimirlkpungeny ingurlkparrungan la inimarlalkuny. ‘He clubbed the turtle with an axe, turned it over onto its back and cut its throat.’ Pa iwumarlalkuny ja ngarrkarrk inyarlgan. ‘They cut the necks of the two turtles.’ Pata wera mampumarlalkuny majarr ngaw. ‘They cut it off at the trunk.’ Category:�Divide, cut, tear, Head.

kinimarlinyji��tv. choke. Malany inimarlinyjung. ‘Now he choked him.’ See:�kininyji�‘squeeze’. Category:�Pressing, Head.

kinimarlurrwa��tv. hang someone. Iwumarlurrwany. ‘They hung him.’ Category:�General change of state.

kinimamanta��tv. attach to , put pressure on. La waka mawng mata malurtpuj mata warlk pa mamputpan iwumamantiny angparti. ‘And they had short sticks with which they opened out the bow end.’ See:�kimamanta�‘lean on’; kinimanma�‘persuade, stick’. Category:�Manipulation, Pressing.

kinimamantiki��tv. crash car into another car. iwumamantikiny ‘they crashed their car into the other car. This example was used to describe an incident when one man purposefully crashed his car into the back of another man's car.’ Category:�Pressing.

kinimanma��tv. 1�•�stick on to. Wularrut inimanmany. ‘He has already stuck it on.’ Category:�Holding, sticking.

2�•�persuade to go with (subject). Nangila iwanimanma. ‘Nangila will persuade him.’ Kingamanma pa kawungurrin. ‘She persuades him to go with her and they run off.’ See:�kinimamanta�‘put pressure on’. Category:�Language.

lv. See:�wurru�‘make people feel sorry for oneself’; lagarr�‘mislead’. Category:�Manipulation.

kinimanmakpa��tv. Restrict:�MA object 1�•�make string finger patterns. ngimanmakpa ‘I am making string patterns’. Nawuyuk kiwani kinimanmakpa. ‘Nawuyuk is doing string patterns.’ Nuka ja karrimanmakpa. ‘They're string patterns.’ Category:�Play, perform, joke.

Restrict:�ED object 2�•�(female) be prepared for the dance. Prepared by being appropriately adorned. Wularrut akamany manmakpaj. ‘She is now prepared for the dance.’ Akaman manmakpany ‘She is decorated.’ Kapan makpany nuyu? ‘Did you decorate that boy?’ See:�yirurryirurr�‘be dressed for ceremony’. Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

kinimanpun��tv. 1�•�bite, chew, taste. imanpung ‘He bit himself’. Mampumangung mawiya mampumanpukpuning. ‘They would get the leaves and chew them.’ kinimanpukpun ‘he bites and bites him’. Yunyi kanngarra warak wakapa kiw arukin kunimanpu. ‘Don't go there. Snake, he might bite you.’ See:�kiniwanpun�‘eat until full’. Category:�Illness.

Restrict:�MA subject 2�•�hurt. Marrik nganimanpukpu. ‘It doesn't hurt now.’

3�•�listen to and talk in a language. Category:�Activity manner.

4�•�kill or attack. Category:�General change of state.

kinimanypukpun��tv. 1�•�pleased with (someone). Aralpa inimanypukpung. ‘It is true that he was pleased with him.’ Category:�Sorrow, happiness.

2�•� Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kinimarkpukpun��tv. slow person down. Ngatpunmarkpukpun. ‘We are slowing them down.’ See:�kimarkpukpun�‘travel slowly’. Category:�Horizontal movements.

kinimarkujpa��tv. crack, pound, punch. imarkujpangung ‘He was hitting himelf with a blunt instrument’. Kawarra kiwumarkujpakpa karrarnarn. ‘They are cracking open oysters.’ Like kinimarlkujpa waryat, kiningartpuni. ‘Like he hits him with a rock, he hits him on the head.’ Iwulalkungung ja murgala kayirrk la iwumarlkujpangung kirrk. ‘They would first cut down the pandanus and then pound it up.’ Category:�Strike or chop.

kinimarwa��dtv. give, share. Variant:�kinimara is a young people's term. Kamu nganpamarwa. ‘Mother (please) share some of that with me.’ Nganmarwanyi rrupiya? Ngapi arlarrarr. Marrik ngetping. ‘Can I have some money? I have nothing. I don't have any.’ See:�kinnyun�‘give’. Category:�Transfer.

kinimarranypun��tv. Desire, want very much, but fail to get. Ngapi nginymarranypung karnjawarra. ‘I wanted to get that crab very much, but did not get it.’ Category:�Desire, Hunting.

kinimarrawurlnga��tv. Restrict:�MA object 1�•�go around something, circle for example in a boat or car. kingamarrawurlnga. ‘She's going around in a circle.’. Inimarrawurlngan ja kapala ngarrayawng. ‘We saw the boat circle around.’ Ngimarrawurlngawi tuka kurrampalk. ‘I'm going around the (outside of the) house.’ Awarran iwumarrawurlngakan ‘They went along, going around in circles.’ See:�kiniwurlnga�‘circle around’. Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kanimarrawurlnga�•�going around (the edge of). Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

kinimarriyalan��tv. take someone's side in a fight. Nginymarriyalan jita ngalkpany ngaw. ‘I am taking my daughter's part.’ See:�kiniliki�‘side with each other (plural forms)’. Category:�Fight.

kinimarrkuta��Restrict:�MA object tv. close the door and steal all the belongings. Category:�Shelter, camp, house, Holding, sticking.

Restrict:�VE object 2: kamanimarrkuta�•�tv. close the door. Ant:�kamannyatpalan. Category:�Arrangement.

kinimartparrun��tv. 1�•�spill something on something or pour something on someone. Category:�Manipulation.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kanimartparrun�•�spill on the ground. Category:�Manipulation.

kinimilin��tv. miss out on. Leave behind (after death). Ngapipa ngimiliny ja kiyap. ‘I missed out on getting the fish.’ Naputjanputjan ja nakapa inimiliny. ‘Naputjanputjan is the things that he left behind (when he died).’ See:�numilinmilirri�‘difficult (of performance)’; milirri�‘difficult (coverb)’. Category:�Hunting, Holding, sticking.

kinimirlajun��tv. 1�•�wait for him. Kanipa kunpamirlajun. ‘I will wait for you here.’ Apumirlajuning jimurru. ‘They were waiting for the south-east trade winds.’ Iwaning awunimirlajukuning. ‘He was there, keeping an eye on them.’ Category:�Waiting, doing nothing.

Restrict:�LL object 2�•�wait for event. Wakapa kiwani kanimirlajun yara ja single. ‘At that time he's still waiting, he's single.’ See:�rtirr�‘wait for’; kelyuju�‘wait to hear’. Category:�Waiting, doing nothing.

kinimirlkpunge��tv. 1�•�turn over. iwumilkpungany ‘they turned it over’. Arriwamirlkpunga ja inyalgan. ‘We will turn the turtle over.’ Category:�Manipulation.

2�•�change. Ngarrunimirrawuning ngarrunimirlkpungangung ta ngatpalu tora. ‘He changes us and our faces become different.’ See:�mali�‘knowledge, memories’. Category:�General change of state.

Restrict:�LL subject 3: Kangkumirlkpungen�•�affect (us) badly. Malany angpamirlkpungenka ngarrurru ta karrpani Martpalk. ‘It will affect us here at Martpalk.’ Kurrkenkang nuyi la yanat nakapa angpumirlkpungakeny ngarru. ‘You two had a fight and it will effect us badly.’ Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

Restrict:�LL object 4�•�trouble come back to affect other people. For example when two people fight then other people get involved and they are also affected by the response from the other group. Angkumirlkpungakeny nuwurru. ‘They bring trouble back to you.’ Pa karrkpin 'Kutpanginkapa kurriwanawunapa. Angpamirlkpungenka ngarrurru. Like lirripa ngungpanatpi. ‘They might say 'You'll go and fight with them and you'll hit them. They will bring something back to us. Like I've got trouble to bring.’ Category:�Fight.

kinimirlkun��tv. 1�•�sense by extrasensory perception that something is about to happen. Anth: When a child or baby gives a sign that someone is coming to visit from far away, for example by crying a lot. Also when someone knows that someone else is about to betray him. Used in Easter song cycle to say that when they had the last supper Jesus knew someone was going to betray him. Covers predicting good and bad events. Kinimirlkun. ‘Like somebody coming.’ Kinyimirlkun. ‘He senses a woman's coming.’ Kunmirlkung anngarrangungka. ‘I sensed you were coming.’ Category:�Supernatural.

Restrict:�VE object 2: kamanimilkun�•�moan, groan. Someone might say 'you pay me very quick' and he answers 'm-m-m-m' that is kamanimilkun. A type of crying that is like a soft moaning, unlike kiwurlkujpakpan that is a sobbing, interrupted by large gulps of air. manimilkung ‘He groaned’. Kamanimilkun kuyak nuyu. ‘He is moaning because of his illness.’ manimirlkukunang ‘he kept moaning’. Manimirlkukuning. ‘He moaned.’ See:�kimirlkun�‘moan, groan’. Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kinimiratpi��tv. knead, e.g.knead dough, squeeze shark meat, make something out of cement. katimiratpi ‘he is kneading it, e.g. damper dough’. Like marrik apumiratpi something angkutpan you know. ‘Like they didn't make (a memorial) out of cement and put it there, you know.’ arrapamiratpi, ngapiratpung, ngapiratpiyang ‘means 'bake' in most of these egs.’ See:�kiniwiratpi�‘bake’. Category:�Manipulation.

kinimirrawun��tv. 1�•�write, draw, mark. Iwaning inimirrawuning jurra. ‘He was sitting writing a letter.’ Kinimirrawun. ‘He's drawing him.’ Kimirrawun ingurlaj tuka ngapi ngamawurr. ‘He wrote his name on my arm.’ Category:�Weak impact.

Restrict:�LL object 2�•�write down language. Ngaralk ngungmirrawun. ‘I'm writing down language.’ Syn:�kinnyutpa. Category:�Weak impact.

Restrict:�MA subject 3�•�occurrence of changes in appearance during pregnancy - face changes, breasts grow etc. Ja warranyngiw, kanimirrawun ngaw yanyjuk. ‘The child (big pause in which I talk). He draws on her breasts.’ Category:�Reproduction.

kinimirrawukpun��tv. writes and writes it, draw it, change during pregnancy. Ya-a-a nakapa kangpayan ngaw yanyjuk kangmurranymin ya you know kanimirrawukpun apa. ‘They can all see her breasts growing, you know, she's changing.’ Category:�Activity manner, Reproduction.

Kinimirrawun katikatik��noun. young Hiant Venus Clam (ngarnji). Marcia hiantina. Variant:�Iwaidja: Munang. See:�ngarnji�‘Hiant Venus Clam’; katikatik�‘Pied Oystercatcher’. Category:�Shellfish. Anth: name means that the Oyster catcher bird, katikatik, drew on the shells

kinimirriyangkata��tv. reassure. Ngawu katja nganpamirriyangkata la ngapimung. ‘Come let us go together and reassure each other (because we are afraid)’. See:�numirriyangkat; angmirriyangkat�‘area becomes safe after a death’. Category:�Language, fear, shock, surprise.

kinimirtpa��tv. creeping up on, stalk. Kayirrk la awunimirtpany wanyji pa ingartpirrung mata warlk inyiwung jita murlu. ‘Then he crept up close to them and threw the log and hit her on the nose.’ Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

kinimirtpujpa��tv. Gather. Awunimirtpujpany kirrka pata arrarrkpi la warrakamu nuyu awalyu nuyu. ‘He gathered the people together to listen to him.’ See:�kinimirtpurrukpun�‘bring together, gather’. Category:�Manipulation.

kinimirtpujpakpa��tv. fold, coil, cover. Anngamirtpujpanyi ngarrurru mata alguru la arrkpana inyarlgan. ‘Coil up the rope and we'll go turtle hunting.’ See:�kimirtpujpakpa�‘rumpled up’. Category:�Manipulation.

kinimirtpurrukpun��tv. 1�•�bring together, gather. Inimirtpurrukpung kirrk pata pulikang. ‘He gathered the cattle together.’ See:�kinimirtpujpa�‘gather’. Category:�Manipulation.

2�•�fold, bundle together. Inimirtpurrukpung manpurrwa. ‘He folded the material.’ Category:�Manipulation.

3�•�turn towards another person (eg. to talk). Nuka kumirtpurrukpun kurrkinkay la yamin. ‘Turn to him so that you can speak.’ Category:�Change stance.

kinimiyarma��tv. 1�•�want, like, love. Puka apumiyarmany walij. ‘They wanted food.’ Ngapi marrik ngimiyarmang ‘I don't like it’. Ta ngartunyun karrpin naka ngarrkarrk warranyngiw pata karrpunmiyarma mira. ‘We say ngartunyun when there are two children that we really love.’ Category:�Desire.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kanimiyarma�•�want (event complement). kurlingka nuwurri kurrungmiyarma arrkpana arriwayan pitja. ‘Do you want to come and see the picture?’ Ja warranyngiw wularrutapa kinywunpun jita nigi. Kanimiyarma iwalurrangken. ‘The child is now causing the mother pain. He wants to be born.’ See:�kinnyarnama�‘hate, dislike’. Category:�Desire.

kinimiyukpa��tv. hurt. Yunyi kunyatpi la kunymiyukpay. ‘Don't hold her (there) or you might hurt her.’ Category:�Physical disability and injury.

kinimulun��tv. 1�•�track person down in order to kill them, hunt an animal. Ngimulun kapin ngiwanawun ja arrarrkpi. Mankarni iwaniwun la yalayala ta lirri. ‘Ngimulun is when I kill a man. A medicine man will kill him or straightforward trouble.’ Category:�General change of state, Hunting.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kanimulun�•�typical male hunting on land, e.g. looking for kangaroo or buffalo with a spear. Malany ta karrungmulun ta apururrk walij nakapa katja tuka warak kunak kapa mantanti yara kani wiyu. ‘When we go hunting for bush foods in the time of plenty (early dry season) we go to the mainland or somewhere here.’ Kanimulunapa iwana, ayang iwanilalku. ‘He hunts. He will go and spear a kangaroo.’ angkumuluning kiyap ‘they wanted to go fishing’. See:�pirrpirr�‘hunting on land, with dog’. Category:�Hunting.

Restrict:�LL object 3: kanimulun�•�want to go: shopping, fishing, hunting, home. Ngapi ngungmulun ngatpanala walij tuka kunak. ‘I want to go home and eat.’ Nuwutpurra ta marryun kurrungmuluni kutjanyji. ‘Come on all you boys, you want to go.’ Kanimulun. ‘He wants to go.’ Kanimulun kiyap. ‘He wants to go fishing.’ Kangkumulun. ‘They all want to go.’ Category:�Desire.

kinimurlukpun��tv. 1�•�squash and cause injury to humans or damage to inanimate objects. kurrumurlukpu ‘You might squash it.’. Kurrumurlukpu! ‘You might squash it (car, boat)’. Inimurlukpung. ‘He squashed it.’ Category:�Pressing.

2: angamurlukpu�•�woman kill her unborn child by squashing it. For example by bending over to far or by carrying heavy loads. angamurlukpu ‘She might squash the baby (in her stomach)’; angamurlukpung ‘She squashed the baby (in her stomach, i.e. killed it)’. Category:�Pressing, Reproduction.

kinimunmuy��tv. not know about, not hear about. See:�kinimuy; karrilawatpunmuy�‘we don't know’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kinimunta��tv. leave, get away from. Anngurrina la wenat marnti kuntumuntay. ‘Run or they will get away from you.’ nganimuntiny ‘he died (lit: he left me)’. Ajirrik kunmanyi orka but nuyi nganmuntiny parak. ‘I tried to join in (the song) but you got away from me (stopped before I had joined in).’ See:�kinimuntaka�‘keep running away’. Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

kinimuntaka��tv. 1�•�keeps running away, getting away. Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

Restrict:�MA subject 2�•�have funny nose, and or eyes. Wurnkurrk ja karrunimuntaka tuka murlu. ‘The discharge which runs down from the nose.’ Parang la ja wurnkurrk la milarng inimuntakangung. ‘Tears came to his eyes.’ See:�kinimunta�‘leave, get away from’. Category:�Automatic actions.

kinimungpun��tv. take away from. Inimungpung ngartu jalakaraj. ‘It took away my spear (of a stingray after spearing)’. Category:�Transfer.

kinimurntulku��tv. Restrict:�MA object 1�•�trap fish. Iwumurntulkuny ja kiyap. ‘They trapped fish (by blocking the creek).’ See:�murntulkuj�‘a sheltered place’. Category:�Hunting.

Restrict:�ED object2 katimurntulku�•� Apumurntulkuny nuyu. ‘They trapped him (e.g. a bull).’ Pulikang ngawunpanalunta la ngapamurntulku wu ngungpanama put ‘We fence in the cows and block them in and lock them in.’ Apumurntulkuny merrk where ilangaling ja kiyap, inside. ‘They built a barrier of leaves, trapping the fish.’ Category:�Holding, sticking, Concealment.

Restrict:�ED object 3�•�cover, protect, make windbreak. Apumurntulkuny ta jampakang. ‘They make a windbreak of corrugated iron.’ Walmat katimurntulku ngaw jita muwarn. ‘The rain (or rain cloud) covered up the sun.’ Yanat kinimurntulku ja tarpaulin la iniwutiny ‘He put up a tarpaulin and tied it on.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kinimurranyma��tv. grow up, bring up. Ngimany apa ngimurranymany ja karrkpin. ‘I got him and brought him up (until) he was big.’ Ingamurranyminy, like kingarlukpa. ‘She makes him grow up, like she puts her foot on him (his chest).’ See:�kimurranymin�‘become big’; kinimurranymakpa�‘cause to grow big’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kinimurranymakpa��tv. cause to grow big, for example a pet. See:�kinimurranyma�‘rear, bring up’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

Restrict:�MA subject, ; VE object 2: kamanimarranymakpa�•�tv. heavy swell on the sea. Used to describe the tide when it is coming in and you can see the waves coming up onto the shore. Manimarranymakpangung ja kurrula. ‘The sea was rough’. Manimurranymakpany kurak ja kurrula. ‘The sea is rough.’ Category:�Water bodies, Weather.

kinimurtpa��tv. fear. Kurlingka naka kinimurtpa? ‘Does he fear him?’ Nginymurtpa. ‘I'm frightened of her.’ Ngapi marrik kunmurtpay! ‘I am not afraid of you!’ See:�kimurtpin�‘frightened’; numurrpikpin�‘frightened/frightening’. Category:�fear, shock, surprise.

kinimuy��tv. 1�•�ignorant, without knowledge of. Nganimuy la ngimuy. ‘We don't know each other.’ Kinimuy ja manyardi. ‘He doesn't know the song.’ karrimuy ‘We must pretend not to know (names we can't say)’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

Restrict:�LL object 2 : kanimuy�•�not know, without a specified object, or with a very general object. Ngapi ngungmuy ‘I am without knowledge of it. I don't know. (NB 3:93)’. Yanat apa ja mayakpu kanimuy marrik ja aniwurru akutju la kanimuy. ‘The father doesn't know, he still doesn't know yet, he doesn't know.’ Ngapi ngungmuy nuyu ta ngaralk. ‘I do not know his language.’ See:�kinimunmuy�‘not know about’; karrilawatpunmuy�‘many’; kimuyi�‘believe’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kinini��tv. say something, call something. kingani ‘she's saying it’; ininang, arrinang, ngini ‘I'm saying’; kiwini. Kujpagarriapa inganang jalaj. ‘She called the wallaby 'dingo'’. iwinyang See:�kimin�‘say, think’; kurrininy�‘kunteypi for brother in law’. Category:�Language.

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kininiki��tv. carry on shoulder. Koyanti nuka kininiki warak - ngungpurrun inyarlgan. ‘Look, he is carrying something on his shoulder - perhaps it is a turtle.’ Ngatinikiyang. ‘I carried flour.’ Kininiki. ‘He carries one thing (c.f. kiwunikiniki)’. See:�katinikiniki�‘carry a lot on back and head’; kit�‘carry on shoulders’; kinnyatpikpi�‘he is carrying it by hand’; itkit�‘carry on shoulders’. Category:�Manipulation.

kininilakpalunya��tv. Restrict:�MA object light fire, by taking something burning from another place to light it. For example, light a grass fire by taking a burning stick from a part that is already burning. Nganuni light, ngiwalakpalunya kalurru la kanmatpi mata lighter. ‘Give me a light to light my cigarette because you've got a lighter.’ See:�kamaniwarawn�‘light a cooking fire’. Category:�Fire.

kininyji��tv. 1�•�feel, examine, pinch, grab, turn on equipment by pushing a button (eg. ghetto blaster). ininyjung, ininyjung. Ngapi nginyji ja kimaju. ‘I am examining the sick man.’ ininyjung ‘for example when a sea eagle suddenly swoops down and grabs a fish from the sea’. Nganinjukpiny ja nganimany ta ngayatpung. ‘He scratched my arm when he touched me.’ See:�kininyjininyji�‘massage’; awunypinyjung�‘play around’; kinyji; kinimarlinyji�‘choke’. Category:�Pressing, Holding, sticking.

2�•�heal someone through use of magic. ininyjung marrngijpu ‘he healed her with witchcraft’. Category:�Sorcery, Medicine.

Restrict:�LL object 3: kaninyji�•�dig up food from ground which can be easily got just with the hands such as mawany. Not used for digging karwuluk because that is much more difficult. kangpinyji mawugany ‘they are gathering mawugany lily roots’. Kamu la larla angpinyjung kirrk ta mawugany la kawuraka. ‘Mother and older sister have got all the mawugany roots and are going home.’ Ngarrunginyji ‘We're getting shellfish from the mud’. Category:�Hunting.

Restrict:�LL object 4: kaninyji�•�milk cow. Puka pata kangpinyji. ‘They are the ones who do the milking.’ Karrunginyji ‘We milk a cow.’ Syn:�kinyji. Category:�Divide, cut, tear.

Restrict:�ED object 5: apinyjung�•�a long time ago the old people put a spell on that place to make it productive and make it a good place for their families to live. Warrapijyikarlu apinyjung." ‘The old people put an increase spell on that place/The old people live and work there a lot (by implication)’. See:�punyikarlu�‘old person’; nypinyju�‘this word is used when the children go off together walking a long way or fighting or playing around’. Category:�Sorcery.

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kininyjininyji��tv. massage. La inypinyji kinypinyjininyji. ‘So they squeeze her, they massage her.’ See:�kininyji�‘squeeze’. Category:�Pressing, Medicine.

kiningajpun��tv. sharpen. Kungajpuni ngarrurru ja waliman. ‘Sharpen the axe for us.’ Category:�General.

kiningaka��tv. not know because of being from different areas. Or dislike because of being from different areas. iwangakangung. Ingangakangung kirrk. ‘She didn't like any (of the mainland meat foods, because she didn't know them).’ arrunpangakay ‘they don't recognise us’. Awunpangakanyi la wemin. ‘They didn't know each other.’ See:�kinnyarnama�‘hate, dislike’. Category:�Desire, Cognitive senses and attention, Fight.

kiningalkpun��tv. 1�•�crack, pound, smash, whack head, e.g. cracking a turtle head to kill it. Ingangalkpuning ja karrarnarn. ‘She was cracking the oyster shells.’ Jara ja arrarrkpi yuranka iningalkpung. ‘Another man comes along and hits him on the head.’ Qeqe. Kinyalkpun la inyamin. ‘Yes. They are each hitting themselves on the head.’ See:�kingalkpun�‘crack head’; ingalkpany�‘be from place’; kiwirnngalkpun�‘a burning coal fire’. Category:�Strike or chop.

Restrict:�MA object 2�•�sing and play accompaniment with clapsticks. Iwanaga ja arrapujpa iwaningalkpun ja manyardi. ‘The song man will come and perform the song cycle.’ Anngalyunyi kiwungalkpukpun nganangka, kawaga kamirawnka. ‘Listen to the clapsticks. They're coming this way.’ ja ngarringalkuny parak ‘when we do the song’. Category:�Play, perform, joke, Song and dance. Note: Old word for singing with clapsticks, now people just use kamirawn

Restrict:�MA object 3�•�cutting oneself in mourning. Category:�Mourning. Note: This sense has also been recorded for kingalkpun

Restrict:�PL subject 4: kawunpungalkpun�•�they are fighting with sticks. Category:�Fight.

kiningarlan��tv. 1�•�Divide up and separate, for example by giving to different people. For example, divide up and give away dugong meat or turtle, or money, or sort out clean washing. iningarlantiny ‘he separated them, sorted them out’. Ingaralakantiny. ‘She was counting up the money and giving half each to different people.’ See:�kannyarlan�‘divide, halve’. Category:�Transfer, Divide, cut, tear.

Restrict:�VE object 2: kamaningaralan�•�split (wood). Anmangaralanti mata yungku ngarrurru. ‘You must split our firewood for us.’ Category:�Divide, cut, tear.

kininganypani��tv. pushing down, make sit down, knock down. Kurlingka iniwung warlk ay kiki yirrik? Makinyju la inimany ininganypaniny. ‘Did he hit him with a stick or what? No, he just took him and pushed him down.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiningarnan��tv. Restrict:�MA object bring (the catch) back tied to the side of the canoe. Anth: If is a manpiri, the men will pat the top of their head with a flat hand to signal they have caught manpiri. If they have dugong they will erect a stick in the boat. Kiwutaka la kiwungarnan. ‘They tie the dugong, turtle to the side of the canoe and bring it back.’ Category:�Transfer, Hunting.

kiningarakan��tv. watch carefully. Nakapa ja arrarrkpi iwungarakantung ngungpurrun yarlkana tuka artparak. ‘They were watching the man carefully lest he fall into the well.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kiningaratpi��tv. have. Kapin ngapi muj nganingaratpi wurwiny ta ngawani ngarlakarlak ta qe tuka ta Mawng. ‘I feel a bit embarrassed talking in Mawng.’ Category:�Holding, sticking.

kiningarinji��tv. squeeze. Nukapa ja murtij arriwangarinji la arriwangartparrki ja murrkaj kayirrk la arriwanala. ‘We will squeeze (the fluid out of the cooked) stingray, melt the fat over the fire (mix it) and then eat it.’ kiwani kiningarinji. ‘He keeps gripping it tightly (a steering wheel)’. Category:�Pressing, Cooking.

kiningarulawn��tv. Restrict:�LL object pour over, pour out. See:�kaningartpulawn�‘pour over head’. Category:�Manipulation.

kiningarunta��tv. roasting. Arriwawarra la marntinganyuny kayirrk la arrkanawarawn kayirrk la arrungpanama waryat arrungpawarlkara tuka yungku kayirrk la manawirnalkpun kayirrk la arriwangarunta. ‘We will cut up the dugong then light the fire then get the stones and put them on top of the fire then it will die down and we will roast the meat.’ Category:�Cooking.

kiningartpan��tv. mark, award with something special. For example, get a car licence, get a medal, put a cement survey mark up. Kumirrawuni nuyu kuwangartpan. ‘Fill in the form so you can get a licence.’ Category:�Weak impact.

kiningartpanpun��tv. 1�•�attack. iningartpanpun nuyu wanj ‘he ate his head’. Pa arukin yuranka inyingartpanpun. ‘Well the serpent came and bit her head off.’ Category:�General change of state.

Restrict:�MA subject 2: kiningartpanpun�•�have a headache. Nganingartpanpun mira. ‘It, headache, is hurting me badly, I have a bad headache.’ Kapukpaga marlu. Pa nganingartpanpun. ‘The wind's blowing, giving me a headache.’ Category:�Sickness.

kiningartparrki��tv. shoot successfully in head, e.g. Buffalo or crocodile. Iningartparrkiny tuka wanji. ‘He shot it in the head’. Nukapa ja murtij arriwangarinji la arriwangartparrki ja murrkaj kayirrk la arriwanala. ‘We will squeeze (the fluid out of the cooked) stingray, melt the fat over the fire (mix it) and then eat it.’ See:�kingartpara�‘shoot’. Category:�Pierce, shoot.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kaningartparrki�•�tv. make a mark to identify a place. See:�kawulartparrki�‘be countrymen’. Category:�Weak impact.

Restrict:�GEN subject 3 awunngartparrkang�•�tv. own land. Wenatapa awungartparrkang tukapa ta kunak. ‘They owned this land.’ Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kiningartpulati��Restrict:�MA object tv. turn off the power, power go off (on its own). Category:�General change of state, General.

Restrict:�VE object 2: kamaningartpulati�•�tv. put out fire, turn off stove. Kamaningartpulatiki mata yungku. ‘He's putting out the fire.’ kungartpulatja ‘used when telling someone to put out a fire’. Category:�Fire, Cooking.

kiningartpuni��tv. 1�•�throw something at someone (obj), hitting them on the head and potentially knocking them down. kungartpuni, karringartpuni. Kiningartpuni. ‘He throws something at him, hitting him on the head.’ Like kinimarlkujpa waryat, kiningartpuni. ‘Like he hits him with a rock, he hits him on the head.’ Marnti kunyngartpuning! ‘You might hit him on the head! (if you throw stones)’. Category:�Manipulation, Head.

2�•�make someone stop doing something ; Kimin nuyu ja arrarrkpi ja nulawnut "Ngapi marrik nganpurru marnti kunngartpuning." ‘He's say, this older man "You don't know the knowledge, I can easily talk to you straight words (give you a talking to)"’. Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

Restrict:�ED object 3: katingartpuni�•�stub toe. Apartpuniny ngartu. ‘I hit my toe on something.’ Category:�Limbs, Strike or chop.

Restrict:�ED object 4: katingartpuni�•�throw stones at somebody. Ngapi ngartpirrun ngimarkujpany ta waryat. ‘I threw a rock, I'm the one that hit him.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiningartpunya��tv. cook on top of a burning fire (over flames). Ngapipa ngiwangartpunya ja kiyap. Makiny manawirnngalkpun la arrawunya. ‘I will cook the fish while the flames are still burning. No, let it die down first (into coals) and then we will cook it.’ Category:�Cooking.

kiningartputa��tv. 1�•�tie or wind something around the top of. Ja arrarrkpi kiningartputaka ja walamurru ja inyarlgan. ‘The man winds the string around the end part of the woomera used to throw the spear for turtle.’ Category:�Manipulation.

2�•�hold grudge against someone, leave them to face the consequences and not help them. kungartputa, kungartputiny, kiningartputa Category:�Fight.

kiningikjun��tv. Restrict:�MA object trick, deceive. "Ay, aku." inyminy "Nuka kinimanma lagarr, kiningikjukun la ngiwayan mira." ‘"Oh, I see." she said, "He's just bullshitting, making excuses so I'll look properly."’ Iningikjung nuyu la yamin. ‘They deceived each other.’ Iningikjung ngartu, nganilagarrung. ‘He deceived me.’ See:�kinilagurrun�‘deceive, trick’. Category:�Language, Judgement, evaluation.

kiningirrma��tv. scrape, rub, sharpen. Wularrut iningirrmangung ja apan. ‘Before then he had been scraping the spear shaft.’ Category:�Weak impact.

kiningkala��tv. Desire to eat. Ngapi ngingkala irratat kinnyatpi warak. ‘I would love to eat some of that meat he is taking home.’ Nganymangkala nuwu murlu. ‘I would love to eat your nose.’ La inyminang marrmarr jita inyanat jita frog jita nganymangkala ngaw murlu. ‘So she was happy, the frog, poor thing.’ Category:�Desire.

kiningki��coverb. type, as in on a computer. Can also mean squeeze repeatedly like a baby does sometimes. ngiwenkiningki. ‘I will do some typing.’ Tukapa ta kangmin parak la kiwani and kininkiningki ‘What's happening is that he's sitting and typing.’ Category:�Pressing.

kiningula��tv. 1�•�make, build, organise. atingulanyi, aninguliny. Ininguliny worntojworntok. ‘He made a coral fish (out of wood).’ Kingangula ja rrupija. ‘She makes money (from working).’ Muj arakap akutju ininguliny. ‘He tried again to make him sing Inyjalarrku’. Category:�Manipulation.

Restrict:�VE object 2: kamaningula�•�heal. Warrwak maninguliny imajpungkiny. ‘Later he healed and got up.’ See:�kiningulaka�‘fix, heal’; kiningulanngula�‘get ready, quiet down’. Category:�Healing and fitness.

kiningulaka��tv. repair, fix, heal, make good, for example: tidy up or neaten up. kiwungulakan, iwulangakantiny, iningulakantung, angpungulakanjing. Wularrut iningulakantung ja injin. ‘He has already fixed the engine.’ Marrik muj angkuwurru awang angpungulakanjing kirrk. ‘They didn't think of making a place (i.e. a concrete memorial).’ Ngarrila ngarruningulakan. ‘We eat it and it makes us better (Alangunta).’ See:�kiningula�‘heal’; kiniwaniki�‘change by adding’; kingulikin�‘recover, strengthen’; kiningulanngula�‘get ready, prepare’. Category:�Manipulation, General change of state, Healing and fitness.

kiningulanngula��tv. 1�•�get ready, prepare. Kurriwangulanngula angkat ngarrurru la arrkpana. ‘Get our things ready and then we will go.’ Naka ngarringulakan, ngarringulanngula kirrk ngarryarnangkat ta yirrk marrik muj kunuka ja iyirrngukuy. ‘The reason we tidy everything up, get everything ready and straighten it all out is so that it can't move.’ See:�kiningulaka�‘fix, heal, make good’. Category:�General change of state.

2�•�quieten down. Kurriwanama la kurriwangulanngula. ‘Get hold of him and quieten him down.’ Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

3�•�look after children, teach them the right way. Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kiningurlkparryutpa��tv. put on its back. Iwumany iwungurlkparryutpan ja inyarlgan. ‘They took the turtle and put it on its back.’ See:�kingurlkparryu�‘lie on back’. Category:�Manipulation.

kiningurlyakpa��tv. make important, presentable. Kungurlyakpany ta kunak. ‘You have made the place very presentable.’ See:�ingurlyak�‘important’; kingurlyakpin�‘become important’. Category:�General, Goodness.

kiningunjanyma��tv. make black, dirty. Iningunjanymany ngartu. ‘He made my things dirty.’ See:�kingunjanymin�‘become black, dirty’; nungunji�‘black, dirty’. Category:�General change of state, Properties of surface.

kinirrka��tv. 1�•�spear a fish (with fish spear). inirrjiny ‘he speared it’; kinirrkaka ‘He goes along and spears fish as he sees them.’; yunyi kwirrka(ka) ‘Don't spear fish. (sg)’; yunyi kurryirrkaka ‘Don't (pl) spear fish.’; inirrjiny ‘He speared it.’; inirrjikiny ‘He speared it and speared it and speared it.’; iwirrjiny ‘They speared it.’; marrik inirrkay ‘He doesn't spear it.’; marrik inirrkanyi ‘He did not spear it.’; kwirrkanyi ‘Spear it! (sg)’; iwanirrkaka ‘no trans. given’; inirrkakangung ‘He was spear fishing.’. Awuran iwirrkangung. ‘They went spearing fish.’ kiwirrka ‘They spear it’. See:�kinilalku�‘cut’; kinirrkpun�‘sew’. Category:�Hunting.

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kinirrkpun��tv. sew. Ingirrkpuning jalwarra. ‘She was sewing the trousers.’ "Arriwerrkpun arriwayalma inyarlgan, kiyap, karnjawarra arriwanama." ‘"We will make a canoe and then we will go looking for turtles or fish or get crabs."’ Wilamapa inirrkpung. ‘Bark canoes, he made.’ See:�kinirrka�‘spear fish’; irrkaka�‘man hunting with a spear’. Category:�Pierce, shoot.

kiniwalkara��tv. 1�•�hang up. Iniwarlkariny yurrng tuka warlk ja pilikan. ‘He hung the billy up in the tree.’ Ngiwalkariny ja jalakaraj la pukijuku ta kurrampalk ta ngapi. ‘I have a jalakaraj and a pukijuku spear hanging up in my house.’ See:�kiwarlkarrin�‘have been put high up’. Category:�Manipulation, Location and distance.

2�•�put up sail. Iniwarlkariny kerra warak kupuny. ‘He put up the sail and is now going along by canoe.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiniwalkatpakpa��tv. teach. Jakapa parang ngarrinypalkatpakpa. ‘That one, we've taught her properly, she's done.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kiniwalpun��tv. touch for a short time. Jurra iniwalpung. ‘He touched the book.’ iniwalpupu See:�kiniwinypun�‘rub, stroke’; kelpun�‘disappear’; rtururrk�‘wipe, graze’. Category:�Holding, sticking.

kiniwarlka��tv. 1�•�sit on. Karrpani karriwarlka ja purrpurruka. ‘We are sitting on top of the material bag.’ Nganngawarlka. ‘She's sitting on me.’ Syn:�kiniwarlkatpa. Category:�Remain stationary, Location and distance.

Restrict:�GEN subject 2: kingawarlka�•�be the boss of land, look after land, own land. Kingawarlka ‘He's the head man, he looks after the land.’ Wularrut ngapi nganngawarlka ta kunak. ‘I am based on this land, I am in control of this land.’ Kingawarlka ta kunak. ‘He looks after the land.’ Like yanat nuyu pa ta kunak. Kingawarlka ta kunak. ‘Like it's his land. He's the boss of that land.’ Kingawarlka ta yanat ta nuyu ta kunak. ‘He's the boss of this, his land.’ Marrakarrak kingawarlka ta kunak. ‘His son is (now) the boss of he land.’ Nganngawarlka ta kunak. ‘I am in control of this land.’ Kingawarlka ta kunak. ‘He is one of the main owners of this land.’ Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kiniwarlka iwuran��noun. used to refer to a man's brother-in-law or a pair of brothers-in-law. Anth: Used mainly when people die or if there is a fight in the family, to remind people that there is a close relationship. See:�nuwuran�‘belong to land’; kiniwarlka. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kiniwarlkarri��tv. Restrict:�MA object launch dugout canoe, set off in a dugout canoe. Iniwarlkarriny parak. ‘He's setting off (in a kupuny dugout canoe).’ Iniwarlkarriny parak innyutpan arakparak. ‘He launched his canoe and crossed to the other side’. Category:�Travel by vehicle.

kiniwarlkatpa��tv. sit on it. Category:�Remain stationary. Carmelo nganiwuni. Malany nganiwarlkatpan. ‘Carmelo went to hit me. He sat on me, he overpowered me.’ See:�kiniwarlka�‘Used to refer to a man's brother-in-law or a pair of brothers-in-law’.

kiniwarlkijpa��tv. 1�•�go past. Wularrut iniwarlkijpany parak. ‘He has already passed him.’ Category:�Movement relating to fixed point, Movement relating to moving object.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kaniwarlkijpa�•�cross creek or road. Marrik ngungparlkijpay wumawurr. ‘I am not crossing over the creek.’ Wumawurr ngungparlkijpa warak. ‘I'm going away from the creek. (You might say this over the two-way radio if the creeks a few hundred metres away and you're going away from it, without having crossed it.)’ Kaniwarlkijpa (ta) (alan). ‘He's crossing the road.’ Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

kiniwarlkun��tv. promise, give generously. awuniwalkung ‘he promised them’. Kunuka nuyu anpunparlkung la wemin? Ngapi nganparlkung ta wiyinirrk - malany? ‘Why did you exchange promises (wives) with them? In the beginning you promised me - why?’ See:�kiwarlkun�‘choose, bags’; kiniyirrawn�‘give a little’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events, Transfer.

kiniwarlunyja��tv. hide something. iniwarlujiny, yingawarlujiny, yiwuwarlujakangung ‘they hid them (fish)’. Ngungpurrun rrupiya iniwarlunyjiny. ‘I think he hid the money.’ iwumangung ja kiyap iwuwurlujakangung kirrk. ‘They collected all the fish and hid them all’. Yiwarlunjiny wukaj wurlmutpurlmut. ‘They hid him inside where it was dark.’ See:�kiwarlunyjin�‘hide’. Category:�Concealment, Manipulation.

kiniwani��tv. 1�•�set, put something somewhere. kiniwani, kiniwaniga ‘he's putting something’. La wemin pata awaninganka Yiwaningornmilkirr wularrut apa mampuwaningka mata alawi. ‘Another lot were staying at Yiwanigornmilkirr. They had already set their nets.’ See:�kiniwaniki�‘change by adding’. Category:�Manipulation.

Restrict:�LL object 2�•�move as if in slow motion. ngarrungpani warak mata nganangka. ‘We move the clapsticks in slow motion’. Category:�Song and dance.

kiniwaniki��tv. changed something by adding something to it. Awung wemin imijik iwuwanikiny Mangalpitan la Makakurr la Kawagawa. ‘They came to be birds by getting feathers. They became Jabiru, Pelican and Heron.’ iwuwanikiny See:�kiniwani�‘set’; kiningulaka�‘fix, heal’. Category:�Amounts, Manipulation.

kiniwanpani��tv. 1�•�bark at. Luluj iniwanpanyang. ‘The dog was barking at him.’ Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kaniwanpani�•�stack, put on top of each other. Category:�Manipulation, Properties of surface.

kiniwanpun��tv. eat until full, eat too much, eat up, eat all the food. katiwanpun ‘he ate a lot’; akawanpany ‘she ate too much (any type of food, or specifically veg. food)’; she at too much (meat or fish). See:�kinila�‘eat’; kinimanpun�‘bite’. Category:�Illness.

kiniwanpura��tv. tie on. Nganyawanpura nuyu ja luluj la kanilaka. ‘I will tie (the rope on) the dog because he makes too much noise.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiniwarnangajpun��tv. call something, say name. Kuwarnangajpuni ngartu ja arrarrkpi nuyu ngiwawurrun. ‘Tell me the man's name so that I will know who he is.’ Iwuwarnangajpung Mayinaj, "Kiki anminy?" ‘They said to Mayinaj, "What did you do?"’ Kuwarnangajpuni ja rrupiya. ‘You name the price.’ Category:�Language.

kiniwarrajpun��tv. roll plant material on leg to make string or rope. Kayirrk la warrwak angkuwarrajpuning. ‘Then they rolled it on their leg.’ Category:�Manipulation, Tools, men's.

kiniwarrama��tv. share out, distribute, give away (share of the hunt). katiwarrama. Wularrutapa kiniwarrama ja inyarlgan. ‘He has already begun sharing out the turtle.’ See:�kiniwarran�‘cut up meat’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kiniwarran��tv. cut up meat. Iniwarrangung ja irratat. ‘He was cutting up the meat.’ See:�kiniwarranparran�‘cut up all meat’; kiniwarrama�‘share out meat’; kinnyurntulwarran�‘gut’; kiniyamparlkarlku�‘cut up meat (of turtle or dugong)’; kangmurlwarra�‘brown’. Category:�Divide, cut, tear.

kiniwarranparran��tv. cut up all meat. Iwuwarranparrantiny kayirrk la awunpuning la wemin. ‘They cut up the meat into pieces and shared it with all the people.’ See:�kiniwarran�‘cut up meat’. Category:�Divide, cut, tear.

kiniwarrartpi��tv. 1�•�meet, come across each other while both are travelling. awuntuwarrartpung, inyngawarrartpung, kunpawarrartpi ‘NG explained it as similar in meaning to 'kunpayan' or 'nganamalkpa nuwu'’; kunparrartpung ‘NG explained this as similar to 'I met you'’. Iniwarrartpung la yamin imalkpany nuyu. ‘They found each other, came across each other.’ Category:�Movement relating to moving object.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kaniwarrartpi�•�be close to place. Kangkuwarrartpi kunak. ‘They're close to that place/camp/home.’ Kangkuwarrartpipa ta kurrampalk, mawngku. ‘They are walking close to that house, shelter.’ Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

kiniwartawn��tv. 1�•�add to something, put two things together, mix two things together. Ma kurriwartawni. ‘Come on, each of you put in some money.’ iniwartawng ‘people of different groups come together in one place’. Kiniwartawn. ‘He mixes for example, sugar into tea.’ Syn:�kinnyartawkun. See:�kiwartawkunjilin�‘mixed together’. Category:�Manipulation.

Restrict:�LL object 2�•�'double' the didj. kaniwartawkun ‘play the didjeridoo double double’. Category:�Song and dance.

kiniwartpalmuni��tv. Restrict:�MA subject ; MA object thunderhead develop. Kurrayanti iniwartpalmununyka. ‘Look how that thunderhead has built up.’ See:�kiniwartpalwani�‘thunderhead develop’; mawartpalmuni�‘bump together’; kiniwurtpulmuni�‘splash water’. Category:�Rains.

kiniwartpalwani��tv. 1�•�hit on forehead. Marryun iniwartpalmuniny waryat. Malany imajung. ‘The boy hit him on the forehead with a stone. It hurt him.’ See:�mawartpalmuni�‘bump together’. Category:�Strike or chop.

Restrict:�MA subject ; MA object 2: kiniwartpalwani�•�there is a thunderhead building up in the sky. Iniwartpalwaniny kiwani turuy. ‘A thunderhead has developed from which there is distant thunder and lightning.’ Syn:�kiniwartpalmuni. Category:�Rains, Sky.

kiniwartpani��tv. heap up, build up, put on top of one another. Aniwartpanikiny ta waryat arrarrkpi. ‘The man built up a heap of stones.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiniwartpi��tv. fight, make trouble with. Inyi kurrungpawartpi. ‘Don't make trouble with anyone.’ Angkuwartpungpu. ‘They had a fight.’ Aniwartpung nuyu. ‘He fought with him.’ Syn:�kinnyayanayan. See:�wartpiwartpi�‘fighting stick’. Category:�Fight.

kiniwaywun�� Restrict:�MA subject 1: kiniwaywun�•�tv. boat take people under sail. kawuniwaywun. Inyiwaywukpuningka. ‘She was coming west.’ Pa awuniwaywuning parak amurnanganyang parak tuka wenat pu kunak pata mangkajarra. ‘It took the Macassans under sail back to their own country.’ Category:�Travel by vehicle.

Restrict:�GEN subject 2: kingawaywun�•�tv. the wind blew them (in a boat), they sailed with the wind. Marlu kawunngawaywun. ‘The wind blows them (in a boat) (used when people are travelling with not against the wind)’. inymajpungkinyka kanipa inyiwaywuningka kinyuryi muwarn. ‘Then she started moving along to the West.’ Category:�Travel by vehicle.

kiniwelkpun��tv. touch, purposefully bump or jab. Kawuntuwelkpun la wemin. ‘They touch each other.’ Kayirrk la ingawelkpung ‘After that she nudged him.’ Kutpali wuyuwuyu. Kurriwelkpun ja kurlajuk. ‘You go looking for eggs with a stick. Then touch the eggs (with your short stick).’ See:�kinnyatpi�‘touch’. Category:�Strike or chop.

kiniwilkpun��tv. separate. Arriwawilkpun iwanaw ja ril ja nuwarlkparrakan inginkangung. ‘We will separate into different place the reel the man (now deceased) was speaking on.’ nganpawilkpun ‘you give to me’. Nginyjagatpung jita ngatingan tuka ta karrungpunwilpin. ‘I met my sister at the river crossing.’ See:�kiwilk�‘take a little’; kannyarlan�‘divide, halve’. Category:�Manipulation.

kiniwirlpun��tv. change spouse, separate from spouse and remarry. kingawirlpun. Kiniwirlpun ‘He is changing wives’. Ingawirlpung ‘She changed husbands’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kiniwirlu��tv. pick up people, or go to pick people up (irrespective of whether they come or not). kiniwirlu, inyiwirlung, *kurrunpawirlu, kanpunpirlu. Yuranka awuniwirlung Ngalwangari la warranyngiw. ‘He came back and picked up Ngalwangari (his wife) and kids.’ Ngana ngawunpawirlu. ‘I'm going to pick them up.’ Ngawunpirlung la wirl. ‘I went to pick them up but they didn't want to come home.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiniwinyjama��tv. mix together (different sorts of things). Arrungpawinyjama arrungpanutpa milk tuka ti ngarrurru. ‘We will mix the milk into our tea.’ See:�kiwartawkunjilin�‘mixed together’. Category:�Manipulation.

kiniwinypukpun��tv. 1�•�make smooth, by rubbing with an extended movement. Malanypi nganyawinypukpun mata arawirr. ‘Later on, I will make the didgeridoo smooth.’ arrkanawinypukpun Category:�Weak impact.

2�•�washing clothes for somebody. kingawinypukpun ‘he's washing clothes for her’. Iniwinypukpuning kirrk ja manpurrwa. ‘He washed all the clothes.’ See:�kiniwinypun�‘wash, touch’. Category:�Weak impact, General change of state.

Restrict:�LL object 3: kaniwinypukpun�•�complete it, finish it, be the last to finish the work. Category:�Activity manner.

kiniwinypun��tv. 1�•�washing, touching with a drawn out movement like a rub or stroke. iniwinypupu See:�kiniwalpun�‘to touch with a sharp, punctual movement’; kiniwinypukpun�‘wash clothes for’; kiwinypalinypukpun�‘wash hands’. Category:�Weak impact.

2�•�said when somebody sees a lot of fish or some other type of food in the bush. Kiniwinypun la yamin, igarra. Kimalkpakpa. ‘There are a lot of fish here in the creek.’ Category:�Fish, General terms.

kiniwiratpi��tv. bake. katiwiratpi ‘he is baking it (damper, bread)’; ngarrapiratpung. See:�kinimiratpi�‘knead’. Category:�Cooking.

kiniwirrinypirrinyma��tv. spread out. Ngapi ngiwirrinypirrinymangung ja parlangkit ja ngapi wiyu ngartu. ‘I was spreading out my own blanket.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiniwirrun��tv. catch, hook up. For example, when we are walking in the jungle and our dress gets caught on a prickly plant. Iniyarrun parak ingawirrung orka warlk ja pelk, la iminy arririj ja arrarrkpi kingurrin parak ingawung warlk. ‘He was chasing him, the belt got caught on the tree as he passed it and the man turned around, was running and hit a tree.’ Nganiwirrung. ‘I'm stuck on something’. See:�kilarukpungkun�‘get unhooked’. Category:�Holding, sticking.

kiniwirtata��tv. 1�•�stop, prevent, turn off, keep back. kingawirtata ‘she's keeping him back.’. Kurlingka iwana Putawin ja marryu? Makiny iniwirtatiny ja kimin nuyu punyi. ‘Is the boy going to Darwin? No, his father stopped him.’ Kayirrk la iniwirtatiny ‘Then he turns if off (a mobile phone that is ringing)’. Karriwirtata. ‘We stop him crying.’ Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kaniwirtata�•�stay back, stay behind. kangawirtata ‘she doesn't want to go.’. Inilangakan, aniwirtatiny maanimiyarmanyi yanyji tuka kurrampalk. ‘He sent him but he didn't want to go to his house.’ Category:�Waiting, doing nothing.

kiniwirtpulnga��tv. turn over, capsize, roll. Nuka ja maminga ngiwirtpulngan. ‘This is the clam shell I turned over.’ See:�pulnga�‘coverb’; kilatpulnga�‘turn around’. Category:�Manipulation.

kiniwirtpurama��tv. Restrict:�MA object grumble about people's treatment of one's things. Kingawirtpurama. ‘She's grumbling about people touching her things.’ Kuwirtparama ja inimany wungpulaj nuwu? ‘Are you looking for what they stole from you?’ Kakawirtpurama nuyu walij ta kapuma nuyu. ‘She complains about people taking his food without asking.’ Category:�Non language human voice sounds, Manipulation, Judgement, evaluation.

kiniwujirra��tv. smell. Ay, ngiwujirra inyarlgan kiwuwunya. ‘Hey, I can smell the turtle they are cooking.’ Kimangawun ngurrk aniwujirrawntiny malany kimangawun. ‘The dust is making him sneeze.’ Luluj, we take luluj, kiniwujirra. ‘We take a dog and he smells him.’ See:�kiwuja�‘stink’; tuwujirran�‘a successful person’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kiniwujpa��verb. take down. (singing) Iwumany iwuwijpany iwutpan tuka yurk ‘They took him down, picked him up and laid him in the grave.’ See:�katiwujpa�‘pack up and leave’. Category:�Manipulation.

Kiniwukpa��tv. Dry. Kayirrk warrwak la ingukpakpangung tuka muwarn. ‘Then she dried it in the sun.’ See:�kiwukpa�‘dry’. Category:�Properties of surface.

kiniwukpawn��dtv. hand over to. awuniwukpawng ‘he hand something over to them’. Iniwukpawng ja miri ja iniyalmangung. ‘He handed over to him the oar he was looking for.’ See:�kinnyun�‘give’. Category:�Transfer.

kiniwularrun��tv. 1�•�finished doing something to something. katiwularrun, atiwularrung. Ngarrimung wularrut ta kantijawa ngarrapularrung. ‘We also finished baking the damper.’ Ingawularrung ja yangali. ‘She finished the basket.’ awuniwularrung Category:�Activity manner.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kaniwularrun�•�finish (task). angkuwularrung ‘they finished (their talk)’. Qeqe parangapa ngarrungpularrung,inypularrung jita warrawurnji kinypani tuka mawngku. ‘Yes, then we finish, the girl finishes sitting in the shelter.’ See:�larr�‘finish’; kiwularrun�‘finish’. Category:�Activity manner.

kiniwulati��tv. make laugh. iniwulatiny. Kawuniwulatiki. ‘He makes them laugh.’ Nganiwulati, ngampijin. ‘He makes me laugh, I'm laughing.’ See:�kempijin�‘laugh’. Category:�Play, perform, joke, Non language human voice sounds.

kiniwulawkun��tv. fill up. apuwulawkun. Yanat kiniwulawkun ja kiyap. ‘He's filling it up with fish.’ See:�kiniwulawn�‘drop off’; kaningurtpulwarrki�‘put more water into something to fill it up’. Category:�Manipulation, Arrangement.

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kiniwulawn��tv. drop off. iniwulawng, awuniwulawng ‘he dropped them off’. awuniwulawng ‘drop off’. See:�kerawkun�‘vomit’; kiniwulawkun�‘fill up to full’. Category:�Manipulation.

kiniwulkparrki��tv. point. Marnti kunpirlparrking. Makiny. Yunyi nganpirlparrki. ‘I might point (the gun) at you. No. Don't point (it) at me.’ kawuniwulkparrki ‘He pointed at them’. See:�kaningulkparrki�‘bow head’. Category:�Change stance, Cognitive senses and attention.

kiniwurlkarroka��tv. shelve. Jurra kingawurlkarroka. ‘She's putting books away on a shelf’. Kamalangali ja jurra kingawurlkarroka. mata warlk. ‘They're standing there (the sticks) she's putting away books, the sticks.’ Iwumirrawukpun pa arriwarlkarrakanyi tuka Church. ‘They could paint them and put them up on the wall (pieces of paper)’. Category:�Manipulation, Arrangement.

kiniwurlkparrki��tv. Restrict:�MA subject hungry, have empty stomach. Ngamaju wirrngak, nganiwurlkparrki, ngapanala walij. ‘I'm hungry, I feel like I have an empty stomach, I want to eat.’ See:�wirrngak (kimaju)�‘hungry’; kaningulkparrki�‘bow head’. Category:�Desire.

kiniwurlkpungku��tv. cause to feel sorrow. Ara kurrayanti naka nuwarlkparrakan la ngeyan nganiwurlkpungkun. ‘See that old man, he makes me feel sorry (for him).’ Annyayawng aniwurruning father and mother and ingawurlkpung ta kunak. ‘He sees it (a place) and he thinks about his father and mother, so the place makes him sad.’ Walmat kiniwurlkpungku, kunak kingawurlkpungku. ‘Rain makes him sad, a place makes him sad, thinking.’ See:�kiwurlkpungku�‘feel sorry for oneself, feel sad’; wurlk�‘sorrow’. Category:�Sorrow, happiness.

kiniwurlnga��tv. circle. Kurrayanti nakapa ja marrwati kiniwurlnga ja inyarlgan kiw pagap. ‘Look at the sea eagle circling over the floating turtle.’ See:�kapurlngen�‘walk wobbly’; kinimarrawurlnga�‘go around, circle’; kilatpulnga�‘turn around’. Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

Restrict:�LL object 2�•�tv. smoke ceremonially, or dance in circle. Nginjipa amirawng, la ngatarrajpany kirrk, la ngarrungpulngankantiny ta wakapa tuka minyngu . ‘Nginji they sung, and we stood around and we smoked the area where the ceremony was.’ "Pa awuranka ngatpirawnik rtil la ngarrungpulngakangung ta wakapa tuka algaj ngatangalingan minyngu . ‘Then they came over and we sang together and we smoked the area whe we had had the ceremony.’ Ngarrungpulngakantiny la ngatpirawng kirrk. Ngarriwung larr . ‘We smoked the area and we sang. Then we finished it.’ Category:�Fire, General ritual.

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kiniwun��tv. 1�•�hit, impact on, harm, kill. kurriwungka ‘you killed it’. Katiwun taka ta kantijawa. ‘He hits the bread.’ Marrgij inyjuwung. ‘They attacked her magically’. See:�kiniwunpun�‘ring’. Category:�Strike or chop.

2�•�make like (adjective), change to be like (adjective). Iniwuning ilurtpuj. ‘He was making it short.’ Ngannyawun rlaw. ‘I'm bending the wood.’ kampuwun kupuny ‘they make canoes’. Maniwung mata majarr. ‘He's speaking loudly.’ Category:�General change of state.

Restrict:�ED object 3: katiwun�•�hunt yams or other vegetable tubers. Awuran apuwung ta karwuluk. Apumanyka ta apun la ta awalinyjinyut (ta karwuluk). ‘They went out to get some yams. They brought big ones and small ones.’ yiwuwuning kiyap ‘they were catching fish.’ See:�kaniyawun�‘dig with a stick’. Category:�Hunting.

Restrict:�MA object 4: kiniwun�•�ring (on phone). Usage:�used with oblique pronoun Ingawung ngartu. ‘She rang me up .’ Ngiwung parakpu ‘I called them up.’ Kuwanawun? ‘Are you going to make a call?’ Syn:�kilakpalolen. Category:�Language.

Restrict:�FE object 5: kinyiwun�•�clap hands. Kinyiwun yurnu. ‘He's clapping his hands.’ Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

Restrict:�MA subject 6 kiniwun�•�rain on. Arruniwuning walmat ja karrkpin. ‘It was raining hard (on us).’ Katangali. Katiwun walmat nuka, pa kapurranymin. ‘It stands there. Rain falls on it and it grows. (a yam)’. See:�walmat�‘rain’. Category:�Rains.

Restrict:�MA subject 7�•�cure (sickness). Kawani purlup pata arrarrkpi pata kiwatpi jilimin nakapa kiniwunpu ja jilimin. ‘People with ringworm will swim (in waterholes with Paperbark leaves in them) to cure themselves.’ Nukapa ja wurakpa ja kiniwun ja namurarri. ‘The wurakpa tree cures wasting sickness.’ Ja wanpirlk, kiniwun wurnkurrk, nuyu. ‘The seed cures colds, it's used for that.’ Category:�Medicine.

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kiniwunpun��tv. hit repeatedly, knock, ring bell. katiwunpun ‘he is knocking (on a door)’. Kiniwunpun ja bell. ‘The church bell is ringing.’ See:�kiniwun�‘hit’. Category:�Strike or chop.

Restrict:�MA subject 2: kinyiwunpun�•�tv. contractions make themselves felt. Warramumpik kinyiwunpun. ‘A woman feels contractions.’ Ja warranyngiw wularrutapa kinywunpun jita nigi. Kanimiyarma iwalurrangken. ‘The child is now causing the mother pain. He wants to be born.’ Nuwurri kurrungpurrun jita warramumpik ta kinyalkpa ja warrayngiw nakapa kinnyiwunpun werrk warrwakapa la kapalkpa ta atjak la kinyjangen mirayu. ‘�€š�„úYou(plural) know how a woman who bears a child has ( early) labour pains first and afterwards suffering comes and she has severe labour pains.�€š�„ù’. Category:�General. Note: Means woman feels pain in her stomach and back. Not used for baby kicking.

kiniwunya��tv. cook, heating over fire, burn. Warramumpik inypaning ingawunyangung irratat. ‘The woman was sitting cooking the meat.’ yiwunyangung ‘they cooked it’. See:�kila�‘cook’; kiniwunyaka�‘keep cooking’; kanilakpunya�‘roast meat in coals’. Category:�Cooking, Fire.

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kiniwunyaka��tv. 1�•�keep cooking. kaniwunyaka ‘he is boiling the tea’. Category:�Cooking.

2�•�warm with hot sand or smoke ceremonially. Category:�General ritual.

3: katiwunyaka�•�ritually smoke it. For smoking areas after ceremonies, and also babies. atiwunyakantiny. See:�kiniwunya�‘burn’; ja katiwunyaka walij�‘cook’. Category:�General ritual.

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kiniwurrun��tv. 1�•�know, remember or think about a specific person or thing. iwurrung ‘he thought about himself’; marrik ngawunpurru. ‘I don't know them’; marrik inypurru. ‘I don't know her.’; nginypurrun ‘I know her.(orig: inypurrun)’; marrik iniwurru ‘He doesn't know him.’. Ngarripa ngarrunngayantung, pa angawurruning parak. ‘She was watching us and thinking back (about her sister who had died).’ Iwaninganapa aniwurrung kunak. ‘Then he suddenly starts thinking about his country (a person who's been living in Darwin for a long time).’ atiwurruning ‘he was thinking about that yam’. See:�arrkpurrung�‘brothers who are in the same clan’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kaniwurrun�•�know, remember or think about some event or knowledge. ngungpurruni ‘I should remember (but I don't)’. angkuwurruningju ‘They only knew about, object is MA’. marrik ngarrungpurru nuyu ‘Sometimes we don't know him. i.e. sometimes we can't find any tortoise.’ See:�ngungpurrun�‘maybe, think’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kiniwurrutpa��tv. 1�•�guide a rope. When a harpooned turtle or dugong tugs on the rope before it is dead, and the hunters have to follow it. Category:�Manipulation.

Restrict:�VE object 2: kamaniwurrutpa�•�guide a rope. When a harpooned turtle or dugong tugs on the rope before it is dead, and the hunters have to follow it. Category:�Manipulation.

kiniwuta��tv. 1�•�wrap or wind around. kiniwutaka ‘he keeps on winding it, wrapping it around’. Iniwutiny waya ja jalakaraj. ‘He wound the wire around the spear (handle).’ arrkanawuta mata malurtpujut ‘we will bind it close together’. Ikpin kiwuwuta, yungku. ‘They make a traditional torch, fire.’ Category:�Manipulation. See:�kiwutin�‘tense, upset’. Category:�Manipulation.

2�•�(Vine) wind around a tree. Akawutiny ta kuli. ‘The Kuli vine is wound around the tree.’ Kiniwutapa tuka warlk. ‘It winds itself around a tree (about Irriwukirriwuk)’. Category:�Manipulation.

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kiniwutpunya��tv. 1�•�start engine. Wularrut iniwutpunyan ja kapala kingurrin parak. ‘He has started the (engine of) the boat which is running (its course).’ Category:�General change of state.

2�•�good hunter. Kuwutpunyanapa ‘You're a great hunter.’ Iniwutpunyan. ‘He's a good hunter.’ Nuka ja iniwutpunyan ja karrkpin. ‘He killed a bit turtle.’ Category:�Goodness. Note: Used when men catch their first turtle or dugong, or when they catch a particularly big one and people are proud.

kiniwurtpulmuni��tv. Restrict:�LL object, splash water, for example if you jump into the water or hit the water with your hands. Kaniwurtpulmuni ta wupaj. ‘He hit the water.’ See:�kiniwartpalmuni�‘hit on forehead’. Category:�Strike or chop.

kiniwuyatpi��tv. hold in arms, put arm around. Ngawng ngiwuyatpang. ‘I lay with my arm around him.’ See:�kinilagatpi�‘hold in arms or on hip’; wurlurlu (kinima)�‘embrace’. Category:�Remain stationary.

kiniyalma��tv. look for, not find. Awungkung iwuyalmangung ja marryun anyak. ‘They were going along looking for the little boy.’ La nguran ngayirtpalinypun ngamurnanganinyka nginyjalmany. ‘Then I went and washed my hands, came back and couldn't find it.’ Arlarrarr atiyalmany ta yurnu. ‘Nothing, he didn't find her footprint.’ See:�kinnyalima�‘seek out’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention, Concealment.

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kiniyarlkanyi��tv. comb hair. Ngapi ngiyarlkanyiny. ‘I was combing his hair.’ Puka pata warra kamumu kawunpuyarlkanyi la wemin ‘These women are combing each other's hair.’ kinyjarlkanyi kinyayan ninyjarlawu. ‘Combing her hair, looking at her shadow.’ Category:�Weak impact.

kiniyarlkalkanyi��comb. Category:�Weak impact.

kiniyarlkpinypun��tv. singe. Inimany kujpagarri iniyarlkpinypuning. ‘He took the wallaby and was singeing it.’ Category:�Cooking.

kiniyamparlkarlku��tv. cut up meat (of turtle or dugong). Iwaning iniyamparlkarlkungung. ‘He was there cutting up the meat of the sea-going animal.’ See:�kiniwarran�‘cut up meat’; kinilalku�‘cut’. Category:�Divide, cut, tear.

kiniyarnpunya��tv. annoy. Iniyarnpunyan. ‘He annoyed him.’ Category:�Hate, anger.

kiniyarrkpun��tv. finish(a task), finish off (food). Iwaning inilangung iniyarrkpung ja irratat. ‘He was sitting eating the meat (and) finished it off.’ Awunngawng kirrkju akayarrkpung. ‘She gave them everything and there was nothing left.’ arruniyarrkpu ‘it will destroy us’. See:�kiyarrkpunyjilin�‘finish’. Category:�Activity manner, Illness.

kiniyarrun��tv. 1�•�follow, chase. Iniyarruning. ‘He was following him.’ Awuniluriny. Warrwak imalkpanyka. Awuniluriny. Warrwak Awuniyarrungka ‘He's the youngest son. He's the one who came after (all the others).’ Category:�Movement relating to moving object.

Usage:�object is track or route 2�•�take a particular route, follow a track. Pa angpuyarruning parak ajputajput. ‘They followed a beach route.’ Ta nungmatpa alan inyi kurrungjarrun. ‘Don't take the other road.’ Tuka ta alan arrungpayarrun. ‘We'll take this road.’ Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

3�•�go after something, go for. Apuyarruning ta kurnpi. ‘They were going after wild plums.’ yuran maniyarruning parak mata warral ‘he went to the Warral tree (planning to chop it down)’. La ngungpurrun ngapi ngeyarrukuning ja warrwak. ‘But maybe I like the younger brother.’ Category:�Movement relating to fixed point, Hunting, Desire.

4�•�become like. Kingayarrun kirrk waryat. ‘It camouflages itself (follows the rocks: a stone fish)’. See:�kiwnmin�‘be similar’. Category:�General.

kiniyilkuku��tv. treat medically. Juka jita karrunngayilkukun. ‘She is the one who treats us medically (ie. she is a nurse)’. Category:�Medicine.

kiniyilwarrki��tv. sail boat, or travel by boat, using sails, paddles or engine. Rude with 2sg subject. ilurrang ja nuwuran Malalkukuj iniyilwarrjiny. ‘The Malkukuj man jumped in and (they) sailed away.’ Ngarruri karriyilwarrki warak. ‘We are sailing off.’ Category:�Travel by vehicle.

kiniyirlwarrki��tv. go ahead of. Iniyirlwarrkang yarrangung parak. ‘He was going ahead of them.’ Category:�Movement relating to moving object.

kiniyirnpirrawun��tv. paint face. Iniyirnpirrawuning. ‘He was painting his face.’ Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

kiniyirnpulanyi��tv. hit on nose. Hit someone's head from the front. Imurnanganinyka yukeny arlarrarr inyuran jita warrwak la jita wulku jita pulkijapa inymajungan murnin inyiyirnpulanyiny. ‘He returned and saw that the younger sister had gone but the older one really was dead because he had hit her on the nose.’ Kiniyirnpulanyi. ‘He's hitting him on the nose.’ Inyiwung ta murlu. ‘He hit her on the nose.’ See:�imungkurriyi�‘break neck’. Category:�Strike or chop, Head.

kiniyirntun��tv. 1�•�pull down, e.g. clothing from washing line. Category:�Manipulation.

2�•�sorcerer sing to stop rain. Category:�Supernatural.

3: kaniyirntun�•�be a woman's last child. angayirntuny ‘she is the last child’. ja aniyirntuny yanyjukapa ‘he was his mother's last child on the breast’. aniyirntuny yanyjuk ‘the last child (male)’. angayirtuny yanyjuk See:�aniwukpulmununy�‘the last child of a certain gender who comes after many of the opposite gender’. Category:�Ages.

kiniyirnukpun��Restrict:�MA object tv. go around. kingayirnukpun ‘she is going around it’. Iniyirnukpuningka ja kapala. ‘The boat was coming around the point.’ Nuka Wigu kiniyirnukpunka. ‘It (the boat) is coming around the point at Wigu towards us.’ Right around iniyirnukpung innyeyawng. ‘He went right around it and looked at it.’ Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

Restrict:�GEN subject, MA object 2: kingayirnukpun�•�tv. road make a wide arc, like on the way to Amartjitpalk. Coastline arc inwards as it does from a point to the middle of a bay. Arrampij kingayirnukpun Warltangayin. ‘From Arrampij you go around the point to Wartlangayin.’ See:�kinnyarlgunta�‘enter harbour’. Category:�General terms.

kiniyiratpi��tv. find out something about someone. Arrkpunpayiratpi. ‘We will find out about them (whether they are coming)’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kiniyirran��tv. 1�•�illuminate, for example with a torch. koyirranti ‘Shine the torch on it!’. Ikpin iwumangungapa, iwutangung kirrk. Parang la mamapuyitjang iwuwunyatung. Pa awangkung, iwuyirrantung. Inirrkangung. ‘They used to get Ikpin torches which they made by tying them up. Then they lit them and they burned. They used to go shining them on fish. They speared fish.’ Kunjirranti pa arrungpayan ta alan. ‘Turn the torch onto it so we can see the path. Illuminate, for example with a torch.’ See:�kiyirran�‘shine light’. Category:�Colours and light.

Restrict:�VE object 2: kamaniyirran�•�illuminate, shine light on. Mampuyirrantung tuka wupaj. ‘They are using a firestick to light the surface of the water.’ Kamangayirran. ‘She's shining a light.’ Category:�Colours and light.

Restrict:�LL object 3:kaniyirran�•�light, give off light. Muwarn kangayirran ta warntatarr. ‘The sun's shining, it's daytime.’ Wupurrkapa kinymalkpirrijpirrij angpaniyirran ‘Tonight there will be sparkle on the water, the moon will shine.’ See:�kiyirran�‘shine light’. Category:�Colours and light.

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kiniyirrawn��dtv. give a little, not a large amount. Arriwayirrukun kurnpi. ‘We will give him a few wild plums.’ See:�kiniwarlkun�‘promise, give generously’; kinnyun�‘give’. Category:�Transfer, Appearance.

kiniyirrkpungku��tv. pull out, lift out. Yung tuka panikin la iniyirrkpungkun. ‘It was in the saucepan and he lifted it out.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiniyirrmirawn��tv. sing person (magically), or sing rain. Iniyirrmirawng. ‘He sang him.’ Category:�Supernatural.

kiniyirrngkatpa��tv. praise. iwuyirrngkatpakpangung. ‘They were calling out his praises.’ Category:�Language, Goodness.

kiniyirrngun��tv. move. Ngiyirrnguny. ‘I moved it.’ Kanjurrngun kunak. ‘He made the ground shake.’ kiniyirrngukun ‘shake’. See:�kiyirrngun�‘move’. Category:�Manipulation.

kiniyiti��tv. light a grass fire, not a cooking fire. Kiniyitiki. ‘He is burning rubbish.’ Kampayiti. ‘They are lighting a fire.’ Ikpin iwumangungapa, iwutangung kirrk. Parang la mamapuyitjang iwuwunyatung. Pa awangkung, iwuyirrantung. Inirrkangung. ‘They used to get Ikpin torches which they made by tying them up. Then they lit them and they burned. They used to go shining them on fish. They speared fish.’ Note: Refers to story of Yumparrparr who now shoots across the sky as a meteor. See:�kiniyitpa�‘make lights using fire’. Syn:�kamaniwarawn. Category:�Fire.

kiniyitpa��tv. make lights by burning torch or fires. Ja yara karrayan ja kiniyitpa ke warak "Aku, nukapa yurnparrparr kerra warak." ‘Sometimes we see the lights he makes as he goes along (shooting stars and other stars). We say, "Ah, that's the giant going along."’ Jit kiwiyitpa ‘They lit bark torches.’ Kamangayitpa. ‘She is collecting firewood.’ See:�kiniyiti�‘light fire’. Category:�Fire. Anth: The giant has a special thing to make light in the sky.

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kiniyirti��tv. pull out. Iniyirtiny ja rrupiya. ‘He pulled the money out.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiniyirtpa��dtv. lend. iniyirtpany. Kunpayirtpa rrupiya? ‘Could I borrow money from you?’ Kiniyirtpa mata kupuny. ‘He borrows his canoe.’ See:�katiwirtpala�‘pack up’; kiyirtpalinypu�‘wash hands’. Category:�Transfer.

kiniyirtpun��tv. pick, take off. Maniyirtpung mangko. ‘He picked the mango.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiniyirtpungku��dtv. snatch, take. Kunjirtpungku. ‘I accept from you, I take from you, thank you. Expresses a polite acceptance of a gift.’ Iniyirtpungkang la yamin ja jalakaraj. ‘They were trying to take the spear from each other.’ Category:�Transfer.

kiniyirtutpa��tv. leave something with someone. Iniyirtutpan kiyap. ‘he left the fish for him.’ Nginyjirtutpan ingayatayantung. ‘I left them with her and she was looking after them for me (clothes).’ Category:�Holding, sticking.

kiniyiwaka��tv. take by pulling, snatch. iniyiwakan, kuniyiwakan ‘he snatches something from you’. Ja ngapi ngatpaningan nganyarutpan kuyak nganiyiwakan ‘We were married, then I lost him, some disease took him away.’ See:�kinnyaka�‘throw’. Category:�Holding, sticking.

kiniyulun��tv. cast off the old shell and leave the new, soft one. Kiniyulun ja mawuga. ‘The mawuga crab is shedding its old shell.’ See:�kiyulu�‘move’; ninypimpim�‘soft crab shell (feminine)’. Category:�Divide, cut, tear, Crustaceans.

kiniyurlka��tv. 1�•�bury, cover, plant. Usage:�Can be used for burying humans or animals, unlike -e kunak inypuyurljiny ‘they buried her’; iwuyurljiny ‘They buried him’; kiniyurkaka. Atiyurkangung ta walij. ‘He was planting the food (yams).’ Nungmatpa karrkaj ingayalmany mirnta waka wiyu inypuyurljiny Ilarryarru pa kinyu pata pukapa. ‘And on the other side, when she died, they buried her at Ilyarru, she's lying there. They were there’. Kurlajuk kingayurlka. ‘She (turtle) buries her eggs.’ See:�kiyurjin�‘be buried’; kiwrlkatin�‘disappear’. Category:�Manipulation, Concealment.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kaniyurlka�•�cover with sand. Ngapi Inyjalarrku ngamirawng. Ngarrunjurjiny arakap tuka Nawurlany nuyu. ‘I sang Inyjalarrku song. We covered the area where Nawurlany's things were.’ Angamany mangayurrkjiny nuyu wun ja luluj. ‘She grabbed it and threw it in the dogs eyes.’ Katiyurlka. ‘He plants food, or puts food in sand to cook it.’ Category:�Concealment.

Restrict:�LL object 3: kaniyurlka�•�make a smoke signal. Kaniyurlka nuyu. ‘He sends him a smoke signal.’ Kangpuyurlka. ‘They send a smoke signal.’ Category:�Non language human voice sounds, Fire.

kiniyurrngpun��dtv. command, force. Parangapa kunjurrngpung marnti kayirrkju kunjarray anjamang warlk kanpu tuka kirrwara. ‘I have commanded you lest you go cutting trees and harm your back.’ Nakapa iniyurrngpukpuning. ‘He was forcing him to do it.’ ja yurrng ‘high pitch’. See:�yurrng�‘high’. Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

kinjirran��noun. light shining from inside, a star. See:�kiyirran�‘shine light’. Category:�Shelter, camp, house, Sky.

kinnyaka��tv. 1�•�throw (out), push (over), knock over, drop off (in car), pile up. kokanyi. Muka mata mawngku kamangakaga. ‘The shade's come over us.’ Ngamangawunapa, ngyeka ja mangawj. ‘As I cough, I cough up flem.’ Nukawk ja manpurrwa kinnyalmuni - nganti innyakakan? ‘All the clothes are untidy - who threw them everywhere?’ See:�kerwen�‘throw with aim’; kingartpirrun�‘throw spear’; kinnyakataka�‘hurry’; jurrk�‘drop off in car (coverb)’; kiniyiwaka�‘take by pulling, snatch’; kunakay�‘excuse me’. Category:�Throw, trip.

2�•�argue. Yanatapa yinyakakangung la yamin. ‘They struggled repeatedly with each other.’ Kinyaka la yamin. ‘They're arguing ( a man and a woman).’ Iwakangung la wemin. ‘They were throwing the ball to each other.’ Category:�Fight.

3�•�go in opposite directions, separate. innyakan ya yamin ‘they went in different directions’. Malany kayirrk karrungayan Weyirra la Warruwi angakan la anyamin. ‘So now you can see that North Goulburn Island and South Goulburn Island have moved apart.’ Category:�General terms.

4: katjaka�•�build (a building); build, or be built out of, or build a structure. atjakan ‘he built it’; apakan ‘they built it’; ngartakan. Wangaran awuranapa karntirrkan apa mampumanyka mampulalkungung ta takapa ta church apakan ta kantirrkan. ‘They went over to Wangaran. They brought the Cypress Pine over and cut it and made the church building out of Cypress Pine.’ La apakan tirip apuwung tukapa katangali ta kurrampalk. ‘They lowered the height of the house.’ About tukapa yarl ta kangpaka warrawurnji. ‘About this cone of sand that they build for the girl.’ See:�apaka�‘length, breadth, size’. Category:�Manipulation.

5�•�sort out, throw around. Kinnyaka manpurrwa. ‘He threw clothes all over the place.’ Nukawk ja manpurrwa kinnyalmuni - nganti innyakakan? ‘All the clothes are untidy - who threw them everywhere?’ Warranyngiw inyi korratakaka ta apariyirrk from mainland ‘Children, don't throw around the food from another place, the mainland.’ Category:�Manipulation. Note: Edible object form used to refer to household possessions in general.

Restrict:�VE object 6: kamannyaka�•�go line fishing. Usage:�Usually accompanied by wakij, before or after verb, but kamannyaka alone is usually interpreted the same Ngatpakan wakij, ngarrimany wirlmu. ‘We went fishing and got a barramundi.’ Ngatpana ngatanaka wakij Nganyamirnali. ‘We will go (and) cast out a fishing line at Nganyamirnali (ie. go line fishing).’ Angkuwurulpung mampakan mampulalkukunyapa mata nakawkapa mata nganykarrarr. ‘They cleaned up, cut them down and then cut them up into small pieces, all those mangroves.’ See:�yaw (kamannyaka)�‘cast net’. Category:�Hunting.

Restrict:�LL object 7: kannyaka nuyu�•�make trouble for other people by doing something to someone. Annyakan kirrkpu. ‘He caused a lot of trouble for them.’ See:�lirri�‘trouble, enemy’. Category:�Fight.

Restrict:�LL object 8 Kannyaka kirrk nuyu�•�stuff up, ruin everything for somebody. Kungakan kirrk nuyu nuyipa ‘You have spoilt it all for him.’ Nuyipa kungakan kirrk nuyu, pa awunginkan. ‘You ruined everything for him so they fought.’ Category:�Goodness.

9�•�collect turtle eggs. Anth: Turtle eggs are collected by digging them out of the sand near the sea. Kunuka ja kurlajuk kokan? ‘What type of eggs did you get?’ Category:�Hunting.

10�•�clear up area. Kinnyaka rubbish. ‘He cleans up rubbish.’ Syn:�kaniwurulkpun. Category:�Activity manner.

Restrict:�ED object 11 katjaka�•�put on cermonial bands such as ayukayuk and panang. Category:�General ritual.

Restrict:�MA subject, VE object 12 kamannyaka�•�have a serious meeting in which people put forward important and forthright points of view. Like kapin ngarri warakapa ta kamannyaka la wemin ja kiwarlkparran ja kawa pata kawaga pata wimunpimunawk. ‘Like when we exchange strong words with balanda people, with all the important White people who come here (for meetings).’ Kamannyaka la ngarrimung. Kamannyaka la yamin. Category:�Language.

13�•�spend money. Kingama ja rrupiya, kingakaka yirrk, la kinypani arlarrarr. ‘When she gets paid, she spends it until there's nothing left.’

kinnyaka yara��Restrict:�MA object collect money by saving it in the bank or putting it together for a common purpose. Kiki ja arriwaka yara rrupiya? ‘How about we save some money?’ Arrapaka yara. ‘We're collecting food together for a common purpose.’ Syn:�kinnyutpa. Category:�Holding, sticking.

kingaka murr��Restrict:�GEN subject hurt emotionally. Category:�Sorrow, happiness.

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-aka ta kanyiga��phrase. hurrry! See:�kinnyakataka�‘hurry’. Category:�Language.

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kinnyakajpun��tv. read it, count it. Ngapi ngiwakajpun jurra. ‘I will read a book (trans given: I want to read a book).’ Ingakajpun ngartu ja jurra. ‘She reads me the letter.’ Ingakajpun ngaw jurra, ta awuran Darwin. ‘She read her a letter, that they went to Darwin.’ See:�kinilakajpun�‘ask’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kinnyakataka��tv. Restrict:�MA object hurry. Variant:�Mayinjinaj form. Ngiwakataka warak ngana. ‘I will have to hurry.’ Pa, inyminy "Ngawupa ngyekatakanyipa." ‘So she thought "Let's go, hurry!".’ Imi innyakatakay. ‘He doesn't hurry (he gets up slowly).’ See:�kertpirran�‘be relieved’; kimila�‘hurry’; kinnyaka�‘throw’. Category:�Activity manner.

kinnyalima��tv. 1�•�head to. Variant:�Ngurtikin form. Inyminang ngaw "Annyanyji kolimanyi Ngantumak." ‘She was saying to her "Off you go! Go to your husband!".’ Kurrunalimany punyi. ‘We sought you out, father (in prayer).’ See:�kiniyalma�‘look for’. Category:�General terms.

Restrict:�LL object 2 kannyalima�•�head towards place, look for place. Karrayanju yara ja kamaniyitpa ke kannyalima warakapa Weyirra. ‘We see sometimes his lights as he goes towards Weyirra.’ Well wakapa tuka ngampi kiwani kannyalima warakapa tuka Alarlyin kiwani, wa:pa ta wungurlaj. ‘Well, he's going over there to where he lives, Alarlyin is the name of that place.’ Category:�General terms.

kinnyarlgunta��tv. 1�•�put away inside. For example, put a boat into the yard, put hay in a shed, put a washing machine in a house. Kinnyarlunta. ‘A man is putting something in the house, e.g. a washing machine.’ Awarluntanyiga ta walij, kawutpany ta kurrampalk, katjarlunta. ‘Put all the food inside, put it in the house, he puts it in the house.’ See:�kiwrlgen�‘go inside’; kiniyirnukpun�‘go around’. Category:�Manipulation.

Restrict:�VE object 2 kamannyarlgunta�•�Enter (sexually). Category:�Reproduction.

Restrict:�LL object 3: kannyarlunta�•�go into harbour. Kannyarlunta tuka Martpalk. ‘He brought the boat into Martpalk bay.’ A kannyarlunta warak palapala tuka Wiyarla. ‘Oh the barge is going into Wiyarla bay.’ Category:�Horizontal movements.

kinnyarlikpi��tv. feed. Ngapi ngerlikpi ja warranyngiw. ‘I am feeding the child.’ Category:�Illness, Transfer.

kinnyarlukpa��tv. 1�•�kick. Kurlingka arrarrkpi kamannyarlukpa chair? ‘Is the man kicking a chair?’ Innyarlukpang. Naka kiwani la kinnyatpi ngarlwak. ‘He kicked him. That one's holding his knee.’ Kapin kawunginka, innyarlukpa. ‘It's like they're fighting, he kicks him.’ Category:�Strike or chop.

2�•�tread on or stamp on something. Or just put foot on something. Iwarlukpan wukuwuk. ‘They stamped on it while it was hot.’ Karrungarlukpa waryat. ‘We step on rocks.’ Ingamurranyminy, like kingarlukpa. ‘She makes him grow up, like she puts her foot on him (his chest).’ See:�kakarlukpa warraka�‘Jakana bird’. Category:�Strike or chop.

Restrict:�MA object 3�•�dance. ngeyarlukpa, kurriyarlukpa, ngarriyarlukpa. Yanat innyarlukpangung. ‘He was dancing.’ Kinnyarlukpa Inyjalarrku. ‘He's dancing Inyjalarrku.’ Kingarlukpa ja Inyjalarrku. ‘He's dancing Inyjalarrku.’ See:�yurnu ta karrungarlukpa�‘foot’; kinilakurma�‘perform as’; wilpil�‘dance expertly’. Category:�Horizontal movements.

4�•�(siblings) precede one another in a family. Ingarlukpakpa la yamin ‘She precedes him in birth order’. Innyarlukpakpa la yamin ‘He precedes him in birth order’. See:�awuniluriny�‘the youngest son in the family’.

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kinnyarnaken��tv. 1�•�shoot, spear, nail, crucify. Used for when something narrow pierces something. Anth: Also used for hammering in a nail. Used to describe the fact that nails were put into Christ during crucifixion. Also used to describe what they used to do to corpses when they were hung up in a tree - they would pierce the soles of the feet with lots of small holes. Also used for when sharp grass seeds get stuck in your clothes. Kinnyarnaken Manimunak ‘He shot some Magpie geese.’ Kiwarnaken manpiri. ‘They spear turtles.’ Nakapa ja arrarrkpi katjarnaken hammer ‘That man is building with a hammer.’ Category:�Pierce, shoot.

Restrict:�MA object 2: kingarnaken�•�weave, make basket or mat. Kangamiyarma iwangarnaken ‘She wants to make a basket.’ Ingarnakeny la marrik ingawularruni. ‘She made some of a basket but didn't finish it.’ Category:�Manipulation.

Restrict:�LL object 3: kannyarnaken�•�look for an animal or eggs in soft ground by poking the ground with a sticks. Anth: This is a technique used for hunting freshwater tortoise or looking for turtle eggs. Angarnakenang. Ingamangung ngartu mangili. ‘She was hunting by poking with a stick and brought me freshwater tortoise.’ Kangparnaken iweny. ‘They hunt them and then spear them (mangili).’ Kunak kannyarnaken. ‘He's poking in the ground with a stick, looking for animals under the ground.’ See:�kawarnakanyjilin�‘fight with spears’. Category:�Hunting.

Restrict:�VE object 4�•�feel sharp or stabbing pain. Ngannyarnaken ‘I feel a sharp or stabbling pain.’ Category:�Discomfort and pain, Hunting.

kinnyarnama��tv. 1�•�dislike him, hate him. Nuka ngernama. ‘I dislike that person.’ Category:�Hate, anger.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kannyarnama�•�want to do something. "Makiny, ngapi ngungarnama." iminy. ‘"No, I don't want to." he said.’ See:�kiningaka�‘not know or dislike because of being from different areas’; kinimiyarma�‘like, love’. Category:�Hate, anger.

kinnyarnangkata��tv. strengthen, harden. Innyarnangkatiny kirrk. ‘He strengthened it.’ ngatarnangkata mangurrin ‘something like this: the wind is really strong’. See:�kernangkayin�‘strengthen’; yarnangkat�‘strong, hard’. Category:�Manipulation, Properties of surface.

kinnyarnkirrun��tv. take skin off an animal, take bark off a tree. kuwarnakirrun. Kiwarnkirrun ja pulikang nuyu iwanamaga ja irratat tuka purijarata. ‘They are skinning the bull so they can bring the meat to the refrigerator.’ Kamparnkirrun ‘They remove the bark.’ Category:�Divide, cut, tear.

kinnyarntarrakpa��tv. catch him out. Innyarntarrakpany ja apurra wungpulaj. ‘They caught out the thief.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kinnyarntulyakpa��tv. 1�•�lengthening, make taller. Annyarntulyakpany alan. ‘He lengthened the path.’ Category:�Properties of surface.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kannyarntulyakpa�•�long. angparntulyakpakpangung See:�kerntulyakpin�‘lengthen’; yarntulyak�‘long, tall’. Category:�Size and weight.

kinnyarajpun��tv. 1�•�roast. Usually refers to roasting on hot sand. ngawarajpuning. Kamu la larla kawani kaparajpun ta mawugany tuka ngurrk. ‘Mother and older sister are roasting the lily roots in the hot sand.’ Kaparajpung karwuluk. ‘They are roasting karwuluk yams.’ Kinnyarajpun marrwakara. ‘He's roasting a goanna.’ Category:�Cooking. Note: Basic meaning is to roast on hot sand. Cannot be used to refer to cooking in the oven.

2�•�warm with hot sand. Awuntanarajpukpun ngarrurru pata warrarrawurnji. ‘Our girls will sit on the hot sand.’ Category:�Illness.

Restrict:�GEN subject 3: kingarajpun�•�ache, feel pain, hurt. Ngapi nganngarajpuning. ‘I was aching, it was causing me to ache’. Nganngarajpun tuka ngayigi. ‘I have a toothache.’ Kani jarrang ngannyarlukpan, nganngarajpun. ‘A horse kicked me here, it hurts.’ See:�kimaju�‘tired, sick, dead’. Category:�Discomfort and pain. Variant:�Iwaidja: ardajbun.

Restrict:�GEN subject, FE object 4: kinyngarajpun�•�used of turtle which comes up on the beach but does not lay eggs. Kinyngarajpun jita manpiri. ‘That turtle dug a hole but is not laying eggs.’ Kinyngarajpukpun. ‘She dries herself out using the sand.’ Syn:�kerajpun. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians.

kinnyarkalanyma��tv. make lighter (in weight). Ngerkalanyma ja kakurl. ‘I am making the sugar lighter.’ See:�yarkalu�‘lightweight’; kerkalanymin�‘lighten’. Category:�Size and weight.

kinnyarkanyu��tv. hold in a lying position in arms, cradle. Kinyngarkanyu warranyngiw anyak. ‘She is holding the little child lying in her arms.’ See:�kinnyarkpa�‘carry on back’. Category:�Holding, sticking.

kinnyarkinyji��tv. tease, make fun of. Kawunparrkinyji la wemin. ‘They tease each other.’ Kunarrkinyji. ‘You're teasing me.’ Kiwarrkinyji. ‘They're making fun of him, teasing him.’ See:�parr�‘peel back’; malapiyi�‘scoff at, laugh at’. Category:�Play, perform, joke.

kinnyarkpa��tv. carry person on back or shoulders. Can used of a horse carrying a man. Also used of one person carrying another. Innyarkpangung parak jarrang. ‘The horse was carrying him along (ie. he was riding the horse)’. Jakapa jita warranyngiw la jita mirnkul wiyupa ingamany, ingarkpanyapa awuran apumangung. ‘The grandmother took the boy and carried him on her shoulders while they went hunting.’ Ingagatpung jara ja ingarkpany yurrng ‘She carried him in her arms and the other one she carried on her shoulders.’ See:�kinilagatpi�‘carry in arms’; kinnyarkanyu�‘hold in a lying position in arms, cradle’; kelkpa�‘bare young, lay eggs’. Category:�Manipulation.

kinnyarutpa��tv. 1�•�leave thing, leave person. Also used for leave spouse or spouse die. Awunilutpan awunnyarutpan. ‘He dropped them off but he just left them there (he never returned to pick them up again as expected.)’ Kunnyarutpa, marrik kanimiyarma. ‘He'll leave you, he doesn't want to go.’ nganyarutpan ‘he left me, i.e. died’. See:�kinnyutpa�‘put down’. Syn:�kinilutpa. Category:�General terms, Illness and death. Note: Different to -lutpa which means 'drop off person with intention to come back later and pick up'

2�•�let (do). Ant:�kinnyutpa. Iwarutpanyi yarranyi ta kani. ‘They should have left him wandering around here.’ Kutpunpanarutpa awangalmen ngarrurru pata alapika pata wilinjinyut. ‘Leave those small turtles alone so they will become plentiful for us.’ Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

Restrict:�LL object 3: kannyarutpa�•�leave a place. Ngeyawng kapala annyarutpan kerra warak Maningrida. ‘I saw them leave for Maningrida.’ Annyarutpan alan la kerra warak tora. ‘He left the path and is going another way.’ Category:�General terms.

kinnyaryakpa��tv. make wet. Karrunngaryakpa mata maralngkiny. ‘Spittle keeps us moist, healthy.’ Arrarrkpi kinnyaryakpa manpurrwa. ‘A man gets his clothes wet (for example by spilling water on himself).’ Karrunngaryakpakpa mata maralngkiny. ‘Spittle keeps us moist, healthy.’ See:�keryakpin�‘become wet’; yaryak�‘wet’. Category:�Properties of surface.

kinnyarrarlkutaka��tv. add to (what you already have). Kurryarrarlkutaka. ‘Add it on (to what you already have).’ Syn:�kinnyartawkun. See:�kinilakputaka�‘follow in song’. Category:�Transfer.

kinnyarrikpa��tv. 1�•�ruin, spoil, wreck. Injin innyarrikpakpan. ‘He has completely ruined the engine.’ awunyarrikpan ‘He spoiled it for them’. Yunyi karrarra warak tuka napakarriwun wanyji ngarrunarrikpay la ngarrimung. ‘We mustn't go close to sacred places or we will be destroyed.’ Category:�General change of state.

Restrict:�LL object 2�•�ruin everything. "Kungarrikpay kunpeygo la ngamalkpanyi" ‘"You ruined everything, you're my mawawiny, let me out"’. See:�kerrikpa�‘get old’. Category:�Goodness, General change of state.

kinnyatpi��tv. 1�•�have, own , hold. Includes 'have as wife'. Can mean 'have for' or 'get for' with oblique object pronoun. Can mean carry with directional following. Yanat kinnyatpi luluj. ‘He has a dog.’ Kinyetpiga warranyngiw. ‘He brings her a child (i.e. he passes the child's spirit on to her and brings about conception).’ Nuka ja arrarrkpi kilangali, ketpi imawurr. ‘This man is standing, holding his arms.’ Ta wulatpiyi kannyatpi ngarrurru ta wulatpiyi ta iwanamin ngarrurru. ‘He has a message for us which he will tell to us.’ Marlu warrij arrunngatpang. ‘We had strong winds.(lit: strong winds had us)’. See:�kiniwelkpun�‘touch, purposefully bump or jab’. Category:�Holding, sticking.

2�•�change to be. Apan kamannyatpi rlaw. ‘He is making the spear shaft crooked (by bending it)’. Kamannyatpi rlaw. ‘With his hands he makes the spear straight (after warming it over the fire, but while it is not fully dried).’ Kammannyatpi rlaw manjat. ‘He bends it until its straight.’ Category:�General change of state.

3 : kingatpi�•�be pregnant, be carrying a child (inside). warranyngiw kingatpi ‘she is carrying a child’. Category:�Reproduction.

Restrict:�LL object 4 : kannyatpi�•�understand, grasp an idea, have knowledge. marrik kurrungatpi ‘you don't understand’. Ta nuwurri yara ta wurrwurr awk marrik kurrungetping ngarripa arrungatpiwi parang apa la arrungpanatpi pirij. ‘Now some of you, the new people, you can't understand, only we can understand but we're going to pass it on to you.’ Kannyatpi ngarrurru ta wurlkpungkuj. ‘He is friendly towards us.’ See:�wirij�‘coverb’; arr�‘keep, hang onto, stick’; kurrunnyatpi�‘this word is used when an atpaji relationship occurs between people’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

Restrict:�VE object 5: kamannyatpi�•�win. Nganti mannyatpung? Nawuyuk mannyatpung. ‘Who won (the fight)? Nawuyuk won.’ Yanat ja marryun mannyatpung. ‘The boy won (the race).’ mannyatpung yanat apa Mayinaj. ‘Mayinaj won (the fight).’ Category:�Judgement, evaluation, Goodness, Fight.

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kinnyatpikpi��tv. carry by hand. Kerra warak kinnyatpikpi warak irratat. ‘He is carrying the meat by hand (perhaps in a bucket or bag).’ See:�kininiki�‘carry on shoulders’. Category:�Manipulation, Limbs.

kinnyartawkun��tv. add it onto. Kurriwartawnipa, kurrilatja, kurriwawartaw nuyi la inyanat ‘Put them together, put them in a (single) container, put them together, you and her.’ Ta takapa ta yarl ngarrungpartawkun ngarrkarrk. ‘We join the two sand cones together.’ Arriwartawkun akutju. ‘We'll sing one more.’ See:�kinnyarrarlkutaka�‘add to’; kiniwartawn�‘add to, join or mix two things’; kiwartawkunjilin�‘mixed’; kinnyartawn�‘give drink’; karrunngartawkun wupaj�‘seabird type’; awk�‘refers to a group of items or people’. Category:�Transfer, Song and dance. Syn:�kiniwartawn.

kinnyartawn��tv. give him a drink, breastfeed with 3GEN subject. kinyartawn ‘she is giving him to drink’; ngertawng. Kingartawn yanyjuk. ‘She is breastfeeding him.’ Kingartawn wupaj. ‘She is giving him a drink of water.’ Kingartawn yanyjuk ja marryun anyak. ‘She is giving the little boy a drink of milk.’ See:�kinnyartawkun�‘add on to’. Category:�Illness.

kinnyarti��tv. boil. Wularrut ingartiny ja kurlajuk jita warramumpik. ‘The woman has already boiled the eggs.’ Innyartiny. ‘They boiled a turtle.’ Syn:�kinnyartpan. Category:�Cooking.

kinnyartjirtpun��tv. peel skin off something such as an orange. Ngiyartjirtpung kirrk. ‘I peeled it all off.’ Kawartjirtpuni ta kaluku. ‘Husk the coconut’. See:�kertjirtpun�‘peel off’. Category:�Divide, cut, tear.

kinnyartpan��tv. stew, boil. Ngarryartpantiny kiyap. ‘We boiled the fish.’ Ja:pa ninyparlkparrakan angpangawunya ta wupaj apangartpan ta pupurru. ‘That old woman will boil the (vegetable) food.’ Syn:�kinnyarti. See:�kawartpanyjilin�‘meet, marry’. Category:�Cooking.

kinnyartpirra��tv. untie. kinnyartpirrakanyjing. Wularrut innyartpirrany ja manpurrwa. ‘He has untied the cloth.’ Innyartpirrany ja jalwarra/pajupaju. ‘He took off his pants, or shirt.’ Iwartpirrakan nuyu pajupaju. ‘They pulled off his shirt.’ See:�kertpirra�‘be relieved’; kingartparra�‘grey haired’. Category:�Manipulation.

kinnyartpungku��tv. lift up. Kayu la punyi iwartpungkun ja manpiri iwulatiny tuka kapala. ‘Older brother and father lifted up the turtle and put it in the boat.’ kampartpungkinyka ‘they bring up seaweed’. Kiyapju pa ja ngirrikjiny kunukapa innyartpungkuny ngartu. ‘"The fish that I speared, what's bringing them all to me?".’ See:�kinimajpungku; kertpungkun; kimartpungkin�‘set off quickly’. Category:�Manipulation.

kinnyayan��tv. 1�•�see, look at. yayawng ‘He looked at himself.’. Yamin yayawng patumang. ‘He looked at himself in the mirror.’ Yanat innyayawng arrarrkpi ilangaling. ‘He saw a man standing (there).’ arrkpayanyjiny ta kangparlkparran kirrk ‘we can see when the water's clear’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

Restrict:�LL object 2 kannyayan�•�know. La tukapa ta ngapipa ngungeyan parak kayirrk. ‘So I know that story now.’ Angkayan parak kunuka? ‘What's the future for our young people?’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

Restrict:�MA object 3 kinnyayan�•�meaning 'to be possible' or still 'you'll notice that'. Kurriwayan ngarrurru arrkpanurtin nungmatpa karrkaj arrkpanurtin mantanti. ‘We will be able to go to the other islands and the mainland.’ See:�kinnyayanayan�‘look carefully at’.

Restrict:�MA object 4 kinnyayan�•�look after, care for, look out for. Kiwayan kirrk nuyu ja yanat yalkpanypu ja warranyngiw. ‘They look after him. their mother's brother's son.’ Kiwayan kirrk nuyu ja warranyngiw. ‘They look after him.’ Ngarriwayan kirrk nuyu. ‘We'll look after him.’ Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

5 katjayan�•�look for lice. Kapayanpu kurrpung. ‘They look for each others lice.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

Restrict:�LL object 6 kannyayan�•�look around for something. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

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kinnyayanayan��tv. 1�•�look carefully at, scrutinise, aim at. With 3LL object this can mean 'to explore an area'. anyayanayawng, anyayanayantung. Annyayanayantung kunak. ‘He looked the place over carefully.’ Ngamalkpang yala ngungayanayanjing. ‘I don't want to go outside, to look at the place.’ Syn:�yirrirri. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

2�•�compose song. Innyayanayantung. ‘He was making the song.’ Innyanayantung. ‘The songs used to come to him (at Mankuluwirrk, from the Inyjalarrku spirits).’ Category:�Play, perform, joke.

Restrict:�LL object 3�•�make trouble with. Inyi kurrungayanayanpu. ‘Don't make trouble with them.’ Inyi kungayanayan nuyu. ‘Don't make trouble with him.’ See:�kinnyayatayan�‘look after’; kinnyayan�‘see’; kiniwartpi�‘fight’. Category:�Fight.

kinnyayatayan��tv. look after, care for. Ngeyatayan warranyngiw. ‘I am looking after the child.’ kawani kiwayatayan ‘could be fixed phrase only used in plural 'the ones responisble for looking after the child'’. Awunpangayatayan See:�kinnyayanayan�‘look carefully at’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kinnyayatjayatpi��tv. next to him in age or importance. Katja arriwayajayatpi akutju ja kurrula arranama mira ja kiyap. ‘Lets go quickly because the tide is coming in and we'll get the fish’. Kinnyayatjayatpi la yamin. ‘They're side to side, next to each other.’ Category:�Judgement, evaluation, Goodness.

kinnyen��tv. 1�•�harpoon, pierce, inject, stab, shoot. yany. Innyeny nganaparru. ‘He shot the buffalo.’ Kumanyi ja kuling pa larla iwangen manpiri. ‘Take the rudder so older sister can harpoon the turtle.’ ta kunak kanin parak ‘it's roots go a long way into the ground’. ngarrungeny ‘we push (a stick) into the sand (to look for turtle eggs)’. See:�amurl�‘dance movements’. Category:�Pierce, shoot.

2�•�sew the needle. Iwenang yangali warra kamu. ‘The women were making baskets.’ Category:�Pierce, shoot.

Restrict:�GEN subject 3 kingen�•�decide, feel like, want (with non-concrete object of desire). Arrarrkpi ja iwangen minyngu. ‘The man who runs the funeral.’ iwangen, kunngen, nganngen, kinyngen, kunngeniny, kannyeni, annyeni, . Kunngen. ‘You want to date her.’ Kiki la kungeniny ta ngurrij pa apurnungani tuka kunak. ‘When do you want to go home? (lit: How many days until you want to go back home?)’ Arrarrkpi ja iwangen. ‘The man who decides what day a funeral will finish on.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention, Desire. See:�kilangan�‘feel like (doing something)’.

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kinnyirnparrki��tv. pierce nose. Kawa pata arrarrkpi kawunpirnparrki. ‘The men go and pierce their noses.’ Category:�Pierce, shoot, Clothing, adornment, magic items.

kinnyujpa��tv. lick, suck. Kurryakanyi palayt la luluj wularrut innyujpany ngarrurru. ‘Throw the plate away, our dog has been licking it.’ See:�kinilakujpa�‘kiss’. Category:�Illness.

kinnyuki��tv. arrunpukyang. 1�•�show something, show how to do somethings. Nganuka. ‘Show me.’ Nganukiya ngampiwi nganamin parak ta alan. ‘Show me where to take the path.’ See:�kinilangkatpa�‘signal’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention, General change of state.

2�•�teach. kanpunukiki ‘you went around and taught them showed them a lot of things’; awunpujikiny ‘apparently’. Yanat ja kawunnyukiki pata warranyngiw. ‘he is one who teaches the children.’ Ngannyukikang parang. ‘Then he taught me (the song).’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention, General change of state.

kinnyukpun��tv. 1�•�break, bend. Kamannyukpun yungku. ‘He's breaking up firewood.’ Oh awangkung, awangurrinykapa, apukpuning yurnu, aminy "Mm, marntingunyuny." ‘They'd go along in the boat, they turn their had, we'd think "Oh, dugong."’ Note: When hunters returned in a canoe they'd make a signal to show what they caught. Mampukpukpung mampuwarawng. ‘They broke up the wood and made a fire’. See:�iwajiyiny�‘broken’; kinnyun�‘give’. Category:�Twist, bend.

Restrict:�MA subject 2�•�break part of self. Marnti kunnyukpu. ‘(Don't carry it), you might break something (because it's too heavy. (lit: it might break you).’ Category:�Twist, bend, Physical disability and injury.

Restrict:�MA object 3�•�turn self around, turn boat or car. innyukpung, ingawkpung ‘she turned around, she turned’; kiwukpun ‘they turned around’. Koyanti innyukpung arrapalen. ‘Look, the aeroplane has turned (changed direction).’ Category:�Change stance, Manipulation.

Restrict:�MA object 4�•�play song well and move people emotionally. "Ey kangmarrangulin!" kamin nuyu ja arrarrkpi "Kangmarrangulinapa ta kukpung. ‘"Oh you really move us (with your singing)" they say to the man (singing). "We're reminded of old times when you move us."’ Kangmarrangulinapa ta kukpung. ‘We recall old memories when he moves us (with his song).’ Imiyawng innyukpung. ‘He sung and the way he played was moving’. Category:�Play, perform, joke, Sorrow, happiness.

Restrict:�MA subject ; ED object 5: katjukpun�•�heart be deeply moved, broken. Ngalyungan amirawning pata warra kamumu la atjukpung ngartu marurturt. ‘I heard the women singing and my heart was deeply moved.’ They're singing pa kinyalyu "A, apukpung ngartu marurturt." ‘They're singing as she's listening and says "Oh they broke my heart."’ Atjukpung ngaw marurturt. ‘Her heart is broken.’ See:�wurlk�‘sorrow, strong emotion’; marurturt�‘heart’. Category:�Sorrow, happiness.

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kinnyurlngpun��tv. 1�•�mix together. Kiki ja arrapanurlngpukpun ta kantijawa. ‘How about we mix together them (flour and baking powder) to make the damper?’ Nuwurri la ngarri arranurlngpun. ‘Your lot and our lot will share our (two lots of crabs), put them together.’ Category:�Manipulation.

2�•�be countryman to. Restrict:�PL subject Nuka arryurlngpukpun kerra warak. ‘That is our countryman going along (there).’ See:�kawulakpuntikin�‘be company together in land’. Category:�Peoples and clans.

Restrict:�PL subject3: arryurlngpun�•� See:�murlij�‘Your ngawiny who is my ngawiny’. Category:�family, inc moieties.

Restrict:�PL object 4: kawunnyurlngpun�•�can mean 'have multiple wives' or 'have the same father but different mothers'. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kinnyun₁��dtv. give. Yanat iwung warramumpik la artany awunnyung kupuny yirrik la kunuka yirrik. ‘They gave him a woman and in return he might give them a canoe or a spear or something else.’ Awunpuning la wemin walij. ‘They were givng each other food.’ Pa manimany mata murrkarn innyung la yamin. ‘So they took their clubs against each other.’ See:�kinnyukpun�‘turn to’; innyurawng�‘father-in-law to’; kiniwukpawn�‘hand over to’; kinimarwa�‘give, share’; kiw�‘lie, sleep’. Category:�Transfer.

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kinnyunma��tv. 1�•�measure e.g. weigh, measure, take temperature, action understood by context, count. Ngawu kurrununmanyi kiki ta nuwarntulyak nuyu ngarrunpawurrun. ‘Come and we will measure you so we will know how tall you are.’ Ngapi nginyunman jita muwarn. ‘I checked the time / I measured the time it took for something.’ kinypayan jita warramumpik kinypayan apa kingama ja warranyngiw kinypayan kinypunma warramumpik wingijalkut. ‘they see the woman, they see she's pregnant. Women, they see her, they can tell from a woman's body.’ See:�kinnyunmakpa�‘talk about other person’; kannyunmen�‘try’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

Restrict:�LL object 2: kannyunma�•�tell, tell a story, explain. ngungpanunma nuwurru ‘I will tell you a story’. Kannyunma ta wulatpiyi. ‘He explains it to them’. Category:�Language.

kinnyunmakpa��tv. talk about other person. Karrinyunmakpa ‘We're talking about her.’ Nganti nganpunmakpa? ‘Who's talking about me?’ Kilalmarlangkeken pa ngungpurrun kiwunmakpa. ‘He feels something in his body so maybe people are talking about him.’ See:�kinnyunma�‘measure’. Category:�Language.

kinnyurntulwarran��tv. gut (animal). Nuyi wiyu kurrurntulwarranti! ‘You gut it yourself!’ See:�kinyurntulwarran�‘menstruate’; kangarntalwarran�‘glow in the distance’; kirrwara�‘back’. Category:�Divide, cut, tear.

kinnyutpa��tv. 1�•�put down, write down. With oblique object means 'put away for' or 'keep for'. kurriyutpan, iwutpan, ngyutpan ‘I put it, Capell and Hinch Text 1’; kotpa murr ‘You are holding it tight’. Wakapa ngyutpan ja waliman. ‘I put the axe there.’ kiwutpa ingurlaj ‘they give him a name’. Note: 'mata' comes out as 'pata'. Kutanutpa mata dinghy ‘Hold the dinghy on its side.’ Kamannyatpi rlaw, kammanyutpa manjat. ‘He bends the (spear shaft) with his hands, he makes it straight.’ See:�kinilutpa�‘put down, drop off’; kinnyarutpa�‘leave’; purup�‘put into lying position (kinnyutpa)’; put�‘put it there! put it down!’; kilatpa�‘go down’; kinyngarnutpa�‘sun begins to go down’; kinimirrawun�‘write, draw, mark’; kirirrk�‘put’; kinnyaka yara�‘collect or save something’. Category:�Manipulation.

Restrict:�MA object 2�•�stop doing what you're doing. Innyutpanapa la ngatpiny, ‘He stopped singing and he said,’ Category:�Activity manner.

Restrict:�ED object 3 katjutpa�•�bird or plane land on ground. Category:�Vertical motion, Weak impact.

innyutpan kurrana��NVidom. new moon appear. See:�kinymarlkurranken�‘new moon appear’. Category:�Longer.

kannyutpa alan��NVidiom. go along path/road, travel route. Annyutpangung parak alan. ‘He was going along the path.’ Ma! Arrungutpanyi alan! ‘Come on! Let's take the path, start off.’ Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

kannyutpa wularri / wulatpiyi��make a law, put into the law. Annyutpan wulatpiyi wularrut marrik arrungukpu. ‘He put that law there for us a long time ago and we must not break it.’ Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

katjutpa yurnu��NVidiom. bird or aeroplane land, leave tracks. Ja karlurri katjutpa yurnu. ‘The bird comes down and puts his foot on the ground.’ Katjutpa yurnu yiwarak nganaparru. ‘The buffalo left tracks.’ Katjutpa ta yurnu ta kunak. ‘He made a footprint.’ Category:�Vertical motion, Weak impact.

mannyutpan larnngalk��NVidiom. pick up a sound whose source is not visible.. Work out where someone is from sound they are making. Work out what people are doing from sound they are making. mannyutpan larnngalk ‘he tried to listen’. "A" mannyutpan mata larnngalk. ‘"Ah ha!" he picked up the sound.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

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kinnyurtjun��tv. 1�•�dab, stick, solder. Kapala iwurtjukung la kayirrk nungmalal iwakan jawu kilangali pulup. ‘They soldered the (crack in the) boat and now it is alright (as) they have put it back in the water and it is floating.’ Category:�Manipulation. Innyurtjung mejijin. ‘He dabbed on the medicine.’ Ma kurtjuni aparnkatpina. ‘Go on, stick it onto yourself! (a toy tattoo)’. Kiwuwutaka yirrk kayirrk la kiwurtjun warnany. ‘They tie it around and they stick it onto the wax.’ Syn:�kaparnkatpin. Category:�Holding, sticking.

2�•�blame; blame person. Aminy mali yanat iniwung la iwurtjukuning. ‘They thought that he had killed him and so they were blaming him.’ Iminy, "Punyi yunyi kanpunurtjun." ‘He said "Father don't put them on yourself."’ Kinypurtjun. ‘They blame her (for causing a fight).’ See:�kimurnangani�‘blame’. Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

kinpukinpuk��noun. seed pod of mankarlaparra water lilies. Nymphaea violacea, Nymphaea macrosperma. Category:�Plant parts, Small plants, Plant food, Tubers.

kinumpu��noun. Black Marlin, Blue Marlin. Makaira indica, Makaira mazara,. See:�katapanga�‘Black Marlin’; jirnumpu�‘deep water jumping fishes with pointy snout or possibly generic for all mackerels, tunas, billfishes’. Category:�Fish.

kinyiyirlwa��tv. have sex with. See:�kinimakan�‘sleep with’. Category:�Reproduction.

kinyjapurr��noun. the hot dry season, October to December. Ta kinjapurr ta karrkpelkpin mira wuwukuwuk karriwakayaw ja pipij tuka wupaj akut. ‘The kinjapurr is when we get very hot, its hot, and we dip the baby in water frequently.’ Syn:�mamun wirlngukuk. Category:�Longer.

kinyjatpa tirip��phrase. late afternoon. Inypalatpa tirip la arrkpana. ‘In the late afternoon we will go.’ See:�kilatpa; kinyngarnutpa�‘sun begins to go down’. Category:�Daily.

kinyji��coverb. choke, throttle. Kingamaga kinyji la inyamin. ‘They are throttling each other, woman and man.’ See:�kininyji�‘grab’. Category:�Pressing.

kinyji��iv. pinch somebody. kaninyji karrk ‘you are scratching yourself’; kannginyji pirl. Nganyji karrk ta ngangiri. ‘I am scratching my skin.’ See:�karrk�‘scratch’; kininyji�‘touch’. Category:�Pressing.

Restrict:�LL subject 2�•�iv. have milk flowing (mother), milk cow. Kangenyji ta yanyjuk. ‘The milk is coming out (it's not blocked up)’. kanginyji ‘he is milking it (a cow).’ See:�kiliga�‘travel from, be from’. Category:�Pressing.

kinyjirrkpanpani��iv. Restrict:�FE subject new growth of flora. Little new shoots about 1 metre high, new trees. Ta karrpin kinyjirrkpanpani naka mata wurrwurr mata kamamalkpa. ‘When we say kinyjirrkpanpani, well, that is the new growth that comes up.’ Kutpayanti kinyjirrkpanpani mata warlk. ‘Look at the new shoots.’ Kinyjirrkpanpani wularrut. ‘New trees came up.’ Category:�General terms. See:�angurrkpalkpany�‘a lot of food plants or animals sprout or appear’.

kinyjurlalku��iv. Restrict:�FE subject striped, e.g. painted body or striped material. Nuka ja manjarlkujparri ja kinyjarlalkuku ja kiyap. ‘The manjurlkujparri fish is striped.’ Nuka kinyjarni ja kinyjurlarlkuku. ‘That woman is wearing pretty colours.’ Kilurlalku kilartpin yanak piyu. ‘He painted himself with stripes.’ Category:�Properties of surface.

kilarlkuku imawurr��phrase. said at a funeral about someone who was married into family of deceased, they have to give presents to the family of the deceased to clear things up. Category:�Mourning.

kinyjunmarryun��tv. new moon. See:�kurrana�‘month’. Syn:�kinymarryun. Category:�Sky.

kinykarnkarn��noun. Coachwhip Stingray, spotted form. Himantura uarnak. Syn:�inipij. See:�yagaru�‘Stingray (generic)’. Category:�Rays.

kinymalkpa muwarn��phrase. 1�•�sunrise, literally: the sun is coming out. See:�kimalkpa�‘arrive, come out’. Category:�Daily.

2�•�east. See:�kinyuryi muwarn�‘sunset, west’. Category:�Cardinal directions.

kinymalkpirrij��noun. sparkle, shine with reflected light. Anth: Used when the moon or sun is low in the sky and is shining or the sea or other body of water, making sparkles. Wupurrkapa kinymalkpirrijpirrij angpaniyirran ‘Tonight there will be sparkle on the water, the moon will shine.’ Inyayawng muwarn inymalkpirrijpirrij. ‘I saw the sparkle on the water.’ Kurrana kaniyirran kurrula kinymalarrijpikpin. ‘The moon's shining and the sea's sparkling.’ Category:�Colours and light.

kinymarlirrinymikpin��iv. Restrict:�FE subject shine (reflected light), dazzling, sparkling. Parang la muj ngarrartayantung ta awarnting ta aparlkparrantung nukang inymarlirrinymikpinang. ‘However, we could also see (the wild plums) hanging there, white ones, which ones were shining (ie. the ripe ones).’ Category:�Colours and light.

kinymarlkurranken��iv. Restrict:�FE subject new moon appear. kinymarlkurranken ‘the new moon is up in the sky’. inymarlkurrangkeny Inymarlkurrangkeny ja kurrana. ‘The new moon has come.’ See:�kurrangken�‘Said by people when talking to their father about father's siblings or to their father's siblings about their father’; kurrana�‘month’; innyutpan kurrana�‘new moon appear’. Syn:�kinymarryun. Category:�Sky.

kinymarryun��iv. Restrict:�FE subject new moon. Kinymarryun, kinnyutpa pa ja kurrana. ‘A new moon has been put up.’ See:�kinyjunmarryun�‘new moon’; kinymarlkurranken�‘new moon appear’; kurrana�‘month’. Category:�Sky.

kinyngalmuni��tv. Restrict:�FE subject ; FE object a lot of clothes or rubbish lying on the ground. Kinyngalmuni ja rubbish. ‘There's a lot of rubbish lying on the ground.’ Kutjanyji kutamanyi pata kinyngalmuni! ‘Go get a big pile of wood (i.e. collect wood to make a big pile).’ Ta katjama karrkpalalku mirlak naka karrkpin nginyngalmuni. ‘When we work cutting grass then we put it into heaps.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kinyngarnutpa��tv. Restrict:�GEN subject ; FE object (the sun) begin to go down (about 5pm). Kurrinyayanti jita muwarn wularrut kinyngarnputpa warak. ‘Look at the sun ready to go down.’ Muwarn kinyngarnutpa See:�kinnyutpa�‘put down’; kinyjatpa tirip�‘late afternoon’. Category:�Sky, Daily.

kinyparnparran��iv. Restrict:�FE subject refers to the karwuluk yam when the leaves are yellow and the yam is ready for eating. Arrapanawun karwuluk, kayirrkapa kinyparnparran ta karwuluk. ‘We go looking for karwuluk yam, now it's ready to harvest.’ Category:�Tubers.

kinyurlu��iv. Restrict:�female subject pregnant. Jaka jita kinyurlu. ‘That (woman) is pregnant.’ kinyurlukun Category:�Reproduction.

kinyurntulwarran��iv. Restrict:�FE subject menstruate, have period. Inyurntulwarrantiny. ‘She was menstruating.’ See:�kinnyurntulwarran�‘gut’; kangarntalwarran�‘glow’; kiniwarran�‘cut up meat’; kangmurlwarra�‘brown’. Syn:�kirrwara (kiwani). Category:�Reproduction.

kinyuryi muwarn��phrase. 1�•�sunset, literally: the sun is going into the water. Kinyuryi warak jita muwarn. ‘The sun is going down, setting.’ kinyuryi ‘sun set’. Usage:�Sometimes used without muwarn See:�kiwryi�‘swim, bath, wash (self).’; kimalkpa�‘arrive, come out’. Category:�Daily.

2�•�west. Muj mannyutpan arka kapawi kinyuryi ‘He turned his ear to the west’. See:�kinymalkpa muwarn�‘east’. Category:�Cardinal directions.

kingalkitun��iv. give off a sound in the distance, e.g. an aeroplane. ingalkitungang ‘sound get soft e.g plane going far away’; ingalkituny, ingalkitunyka ‘the sound of the plane got closer’. See:�nulakpurlakpurlak�‘voice far away’. Category:�Language.

kingalkpun��iv. Restrict:�VE subject quiet, peaceful, calm (weather). Pata warranyngiw kamangalkpun. ‘The children are being quiet.’ Yanat kiwani kamangalkpun. ‘He's sitting silently.’ Warlk mangalkpung kirrk. ‘The trees are quiet (not rustling).’ See:�ingalkpany�‘be from place’; kiningalkpun�‘crack or pound head’. Category:�Longer, Non language human voice sounds, Fight.

mangalkpunngalkpung��iv. peaceful, quiet. Kayirrk mangalkpunngalkpung. ‘We are having a period of peace. (lit: It has been peaceful for a long time)’. See:�malakpuj�‘quiet (coverb)’. Category:�Non language human voice sounds, Fight.

kingalmen��iv. increase, multiply, become plentiful. kawungalmen ‘they are increasing in number’. Kutpunpanarutpa awangalmen ngarrurru pata alapika pata wilinjinyut. ‘Leave those small turtles alone so they will become plentiful for us.’ Manamalkpa yirrk kamangalmen. ‘They'll all come up again and multiply (plants that died during the dry season).’ See:�yarlmeny�‘rise again after death’. Category:�Appearance.

kingamarlintun��tv. Restrict:�MA subject 1�•�be broken apart. Manimarlintuny marlu. ‘The wind broke the rope (because boat was tied using rope).’ Category:�Divide, cut, tear.

Restrict:�GEN subject 2�•�being blown by the wind. Being moved by the wind, not just feeling a breeze. ta apurra marlu awunngamarlintunyi tumalarrakpin miga yu. ‘A big wind would blow them away because they were really very thin.’ Ingamarlintuny ta marlu. ‘The wind blew it.’ Karrangamarlintun. ‘We're being blown by the wind (eg in a boat)’. See:�mamarlintuny�‘break off’. Category:�Manipulation.

kingamarlmanpukpun��tv. Restrict:�female subject (woman) tempt man to adultery. Category:�Desire. See:�kimarlmanpun�‘satisfied’. Category:�Desire, Reproduction.

kingarnimputa��tv. make, weave a basket (using a needle). Ngapi ngernimputa. ‘I am making a basket.’ Category:�Tools, women's.

kingarakpin��noun. harpoon. Category:�Tools, men's.

kingarakpin walamurru��noun. iron point of harpoon. Category:�Tools, men's.

kingaralkinka��iv. grumble, talk on and on. Wularrut kingaralkinka. Marrik kunnyu ja kapala. ‘He is annoyed (about the treatment of the boat). He will not lend you the boat.’ Kingaralkinka. ‘He's talking and grumbling about something on and on like they stole something from him, like an axe or a rake.’ Kuna kanngaralkinka? ‘Why are you complaining so much?’ Category:�Language, Sorrow, happiness.

kingaran��tv. cook kupiya cockles. Wularrutapa arringarantiny kayirrkapa la arriwanala. ‘We have prepared the kupiya and now we will eat them.’ Anth: done by covering with brush and setting it alight. This is done on Croker Island. Kupiya cockles are not found at Warruwi Category:�Shellfish, Cooking.

kingarunmin��iv. the same in some way, share a common characteristic. Yarntulyak yirrkju jalakaraj kingarunmin. ‘Both spears are the same length.’ See:�kiwnmin�‘be same’. Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

kingarrarramin��iv. move slowly. Karrkpin "Nakapa kingarrarramin ja kiyap kega". ‘We say, "That fish is coming towards us slowly."’ Category:�Activity manner, General terms.

kingatarryu��iv. know, be a wise man, one who knows the law and things that other people do not know. Politics person. Nuka ja kingartarryu. ‘He is a wise man’. Ja nulawnut ja kingartarryu. ‘Fully initiated aboriginal man.’ See:�murrparl�‘clever, wise, knowledgable’; nuwalarrpiyiny�‘important person, clever person’; kiwken�‘look for’. Category:�Peoples and clans. Usage:�Heavy Mawng.

kingartalku��iv. wear (something) on the head, wear hat. kinyngartalku ‘she is wearing a hat’. Koyanti arrarrkpi kingartalku warak. ‘Look at the man wearing a hat.’ Kurlingka marryun kingartalku ja white hat? ‘Is the boy wearing a white hat?’ See:�kiyarntagali�‘wear (on feet)’; jungku�‘hat (masculine)’. Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

kingartpara��iv. fire shot. Ngarrkartparawng. ‘We fired a shot.’ See:�kingartparra�‘grey haired’; kiningartparrki�‘shoot successfully in head’. Category:�Pierce, shoot.

kingartparra��iv. grey haired. Yanat ja kingartparran. ‘He is grey-haired.’ See:�kingartpara�‘fire shot’. Category:�Illness and death. Anth: If a young man eats mirrk, ngurtparrparrk, wurrut, or ngajapirn, then his hair will turn grey early. These are very strong fish.

kingartpirrun��iv. throw something such as a spear with aim to hit something. Ay, naka marryun ingartpirrung. ‘That boy threw a spear.’ Ngapi ngartpirrun ngimarkujpany ta waryat. ‘I threw a rock, I'm the one that hit him.’ Kayirrk la awunimirtpany wanyji pa ingartpirrung mata warlk inyiwung jita murlu. ‘Then he crept up close to them and threw the log and hit her on the nose.’ See:�kinnyartpirra�‘untie’; kinnyaka�‘throw’. Category:�Pierce, shoot.

kingilpa��tv. split pandanus. Kinypani kingilpa murwala. ‘She is sitting splitting pandanus.’ Anth: used for basket making Aminy ngartu "Marnmarn kija ngarrunpanuki. Ngatpanamin ngarriwelpa. ‘They said to me, "Grandma why don't you show us . We'll split pandanus."’ Kiwuma murgala kiwirlpa. ‘They're collecting pandanus and stripping it.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kinginka��iv. 1�•�talk, argue, fight, speak (a language). (Nonhuman) make characteristic noise. ngarrkinka. Kurrkenkang nuyi la yanat nakapa angpumirlkpungakeny ngarru. ‘You two had a fight and it will effect us badly.’ Ja kurrula kinginka. ‘The sea is splashing on the shore, making a noise.’ Mawng nganingka. ‘I speak Mawng / Mawng is my language.’ See:�maningkangung�‘listen to’. Category:�Language, Fight.

Restrict:�birds 2�•�(birds) sing. Kurralyunyi kawunginka karlurri. ‘Listen to the birds singing.’ See:�kimin�‘be’. Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kingulikin��iv. heal, become better, strengthen, harden. Ingulikiny ja arrarrkpi. ‘The man got better.’ inypungulikiny yingulikinang See:�kiningulaka�‘fix, heal, make good’. Category:�Sickness, General change of state.

kingulkpurlnga��iv. turn around, look behind. Variant:�Mayinjinaj form. Yanat ingulkpurlngany. ‘He looked behind.’ Qe, Ya, kinyarrapa wularrutapa. Wularrutapa kingulkpungen. First time ta kani tuka wurak kiw warak ja warranyngiw. ‘She goes along for a while and then. Then he's already turned around. First the child's lying like this in the tummy.’ See:�kilatpulnga�‘turn around’; kimirlkpungen�‘turn body around’. Category:�Change stance.

kingurlkparryu��iv. 1�•�lie on back. kakurlkparryu. Iningalkpung ja manpiri waliman imajungan apa la inimirlkpungeny ingurlkparryungan. ‘They clubbed the turtle with an axe and turned it over onto its back.’ Warranyngiw ja kingurlkparryu nakapa karriwunya wurul akutju nuyu ja iwamurranymin marrik imi wungpulaj marrik imi itpirrk. ‘We warm the young infant over the fire so that when he grows up he will not steal or be naughty.’ Ingurlkparryungan kiw. ‘He is lying on his back.’ See:�kiningurlkparryutpa�‘put on back’. Category:�Remain stationary.

Restrict:�LL subject 2: kangurlkparryu�•�level ground. Category:�Landscape.

kakurlkparryu��noun. palm of hand. Category:�Limbs.

kingurlyakpin��iv. become important, rich. Wularrutapa ingurlyakpiny ja arrarrkpi. ‘That man has become very important.’ See:�ingurlyak�‘important’; kiningurlyakpa�‘make important’. Category:�Goodness.

kingunjanymin��iv. become black, dirty. Kiwuwunya pa kingunjanymin ja warranyngiw . ‘They smoke him and the child's skin darkens.’ Ingunjanyminy ngartu ja manpurrwa. ‘My clothes are dirty.’ anngujanymin ‘you've gone black’. See:�nungunji�‘black, dark’; kiningunjanyma�‘dirty, blacken’. Category:�General, Properties of surface.

kingurrin��iv. 1�•�move quickly. Meanings include: run, fly, (animal) move or swim about in water, (wood) float along in water. Yarakap arrarrkpi ngarraryawng ingurrinang. ‘We saw a man running.’ Kayirrk ta tuka ta Mawng ta karrkinka tuka ta Mawng ta karrkurrin ‘Today the Mawng we speak is fast.’ Kingurrikpin kinimarrawurlngaka. ‘He's running around in a circle.’ kamangurrin ‘when someones waving a torch around quickly’. Kakurrin ta marlu. ‘The wind's blowing.’ Restrict:�liquid subject, mostly LL subject Category:�General terms.

2�•�rivlet, rainwater, creek, river flow. Cannot be used for billabongs. Maningul kamangurrin (pirlpirl) ‘Blood's flowing out.’ See:�kiwryi�‘swim, bath, wash (self)’. Category:�Motion relating to water.

Restrict:�VE subject 3 kamangurrin�•�be light-headed, dizzy, having a feeling of going round and round in the head. Ngapi kamangurrin. ‘I feel dizzy.’ Iwaninganju kamangurrin. ‘Suddenly he felt dizzy.’ Wularrut mangurrinang la kayirrk arlarrarr. ‘I was dizzy before but now nothing.’ Category:�Discomfort and pain.

Restrict:�VE subject 4 kamangurrin�•�not see properly, see black or see stars. Kamangurrin ngartu ta wun. ‘My vision goes black / I see stars’. Kamangurrin ngartu wun. ‘Like drunk, or if you stand up and everything goes black.’ Kamangurrin nu wun. ‘You can't see properly (temporarily)’. Category:�Discomfort and pain, Cognitive senses and attention.

lv.

kingutin��iv. cry. Variant:�Mayinjinaj form; not commonly used now. Kawungutin pata warranyngiw. ‘The children are crying.’ Syn:�kiwararrken. Category:�Non language human voice sounds, Automatic actions.

kipuk��coverb. bail out (the boat). Kimin kipuk kapala. ‘He is bailing out the boat.’ Category:�Transfer.

ipukipuk��coverb. keep on bailing out.boat. Category:�Transfer.

kirirrk��coverb. put. Variant:�Mayinjinaj form; not in common use. Ja arrarrkpi kiwani kirirrk manparrwa tuka yangali. ‘The man is putting the material into the basket.’ Syn:�kinnyutpa. Category:�Manipulation.

kirk��coverb. press, squash, especially by falling onto. Kuwuni kirk. ‘You press it!’ Nuyi kanngarra warak la kunngawun kirk waryat. ‘If you go for a walk a rock might fall on you.’ Nganpuk kirk. ‘You fell on me.’ Category:�Throw, trip.

kirulk��noun. stinking, smelly. Kurrayanti ngampiwi kiwuja ja kirulk. ‘Look around for where it is stinking, that smelly thing.’ Category:�Language.

kirrirri��interjection. a high pitched call meaning that the caller is about to go back to camp or home. See:�yirrirri�‘signal with firestick’. Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kirrkirrk��coverb. Restrict:�LL object push (someone) into doing something, to tempt to do wrong. Includes strong force, such as used by a policeman. Kannyen kirrkirrk ngaw kinyjama. ‘He makes her to go to work.’ Kannyen kirrkirrkpu kawunparra. ‘He makes them go to sleep (e.g. children).’ Kanin kirrkirrk ngarrurru. ‘He tries to push us into doing it.’ Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

kirrkju��crossreference. See:�yirrkju�‘both’.

kirrwara��noun. back (of the body), back of inanimate object. Ngamaju tuka kirrwara ‘I have something wrong with my back.’ Parang apa kunjurrngpung marnti kayirrkju kunjarray anjamang warlk kanpu tuka kirrwara. ‘I have commanded you lest you go cutting trees and harm your back.’ Mampuwarawng yungku la iwuwunyantung tuka kirrwara. ‘They lit a fire and heated the outside part of it.’ See:�Inypajiyiny kirrwara�‘shellfish type’; Murwala�‘pandanus palm’. Category:�Organs and torso.

coverb. Restrict:�female subject 1�•�menstruate. inypani kirrwara ‘she is menstruating’. See:�kinyurntulwarran; kinnyurntulwarran. Category:�Reproduction.

2�•�turn back on someone, a sign of anger. Arrkinkay arrarrkpi arryakay kirrwara la atjing. ‘We might have an argument with a man, turn our backs on him and walk away.’ Category:�Hate, anger.

3�•�turn back on someone, can be a way of being rude. Kun kirrwara. ‘When you sit in front of someone with your back facing then and don't show you know that he is behind you.’ Kapin kuni kirrwara la nuyimung. ‘Turn so you're facing away from each other.’ Kinnyun kirrwara la yamin ‘They're putting their backs to one another.’ Category:�Change stance. Note: Difference between CC with kinnyaka and kinnyun seems to be that one with kinnyun can be used simply to describe a movement rather than an emotion.

Restrict:�FE subject 4�•�fall backwards onto back. Qe, Imurnanganiny parakju ta yarlkeny. ‘Yes,he went back and went in.’ Ngapi mawarlkanyi inyurakan kirrwara. ‘I fell, I fell onto my back.’ Ant:�marrwakara. Category:�Vertical motion.

kit��coverb. carry on the shoulders. Inimangung kit parak. ‘He was carrying it on his shoulders.’ Ngima kit. ‘I carry him on my shoulder.’ Yanat kinima kit nulakpi. ‘He's carrying something heavy. This woman is carrying a chair, walking away.’ Syn:�morno. Category:�Manipulation.

itkit��carry on shoulder. Carry a lot of stuff - e.g. pack up the boat. Carry while walking. Yarrangung itkit ‘He carried it on his shoulder’. Nuka ja arrarrkpi kerra itkit parak mata chair. ‘This man is carrying the chair away.’ See:�kininiki�‘carry on shoulders’. Category:�Manipulation.

kiw₂��iv. 1�•�lie, sleep. Ngapi marrik ngawng. ‘I won't go to sleep / I'm not lying down.’ Yanat marrik yung. ‘He won't go to sleep / He's not lying down.’ Kiw warak nungunji. ‘It has black stripes (description of Trumpeter fish, Pelates quadrilineatus’. See:�kiwrnparra�‘sleep’. Category:�Remain stationary, Sleep.

2�•�be, stay. Usually for things on the ground. Wakapa kiw ja jurra. ‘The book is lying there’. Kanipa ta wularrut kani ja nguya yung ju jal ‘Here, only one clan lived for a long time’. Ta waliwali ta kanyu ta apaka la kani ta karrkpin. ‘The corals are there are they take up a large area.’ See:�kimirlkpungen�‘turn body around’; kiwun�‘be’. Category:�Waiting, doing nothing.

3�•�be owned, takes oblique pronoun to encode possessor. See:�kiwrlkatin�‘disappear, get lost’; kinnyun�‘give’. Category:�Holding, sticking.

lv.

kiwarlkarrin��iv. put high up, hang up. Nuka ja jurra ja iwarlkarriny. ‘Someone has put these books up high.’ Nuka ja purrupurrukang kiwarlkarrin tuka table kernti. ‘This bag has been put up there on the table, it's up there.’ Apuwarlkarrinyapa ta jampakang. ‘They put corrugated iron on top (of a shelter, ta mawngku).’ See:�kernti�‘be high’; kilakpalkarin�‘lie with head on pillow’; kiniwalkara�‘hang up’. Category:�Manipulation, Location and distance.

kiwarlkparrakanmin��iv. become old person. Category:�Illness and death.

kiwarlkparran��iv. white, clear, clean. kangparlkparran ‘3LL-clear-NP, 3LL-white-NP’. Yarakap arrarrkpi ngeyawng kiwarlkparran. ‘I saw that the man is white.’ kangparlkparran ‘When the water is clear’. Category:�Colours and light, Water bodies.

noun. non-Aboriginal. kiwarlkparran ‘white person’. Like angparlkparran kawunginka. ‘(the language) That White people speak.’ See:�kiyiwarrakan�‘show white’. Category:�Peoples and clans.

kawarlkparran kawukawuk��noun. half case person. Puka pata kawarlkparran kawukawuk. ‘They are part of European people.’ Category:�Peoples and clans.

kiwarlkun��iv. 1�•�choose (for yourself). 'Bags' something. Juka inyparlkung. ‘She chose (it for herself).’ Ngapi ngawarlkun. ‘That's for me!’ Kiwarlkun ja luluj. ‘He chose the puppy.’ See:�kiniwarlkun�‘promise, give generously’. Note: oblique object not possible Category:�Holding, sticking.

2�•�promise. Kiwin nungmatpa kupunyapa, ngatparlkun. ‘Another canoe spears him, we promise it (the dugong).’ Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kiwarlunyjin��iv. hide. kiwarlunyjiny ‘he hid’. Ngarruran ngarriyalmany la iwarlunyjingan. ‘We went and searched for him because he had hidden.’ Inyparlunyjikinang ngaw tuka warlk. ‘She's hiding from her behind the tree.’ See:�kiniwarlunyja�‘hide something’. Category:�Concealment.

kiwani��iv. 1�•�sit, live, stay. ngawani, karr(k)pani, ngatpani, kanpani, kutpani, kinypani, kangpani, kawani. ngatpaninganpipa ‘we sat for a while.’ awaningan ‘he stayed there for a short while’; karrkpani. Tuka ta kunak ta kiwani. ‘That is the place where he lives.’ Kangpani nuyu kalamparak ‘He's sweating’. Category:�Remain stationary.

2�•�not do anything, in contrast to others. Not do what the other does. La inyjakujpinyju kinypani. ‘And she just sits without saying anything.’ Category:�Waiting, doing nothing.

3: kawani�•�be married, be husband and wife. Syn:�kawartpanyjilin. Yitpulij nuyu ngapi ngatpaning ja nuwarlkparrakan ‘Yitpulij, he's the man I was married to, that old man’. ja ngatpani ‘my husband’. See:�kiwanpani�‘sits up (child)’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events, family, inc moieties.

part. used to link sentences, as a discourse marker. Awaningan pata wera

lv.

kiwanpani��iv. 1�•�sits up (used of child who is able to sit up). Nuka ja warranyngiw wularrut kiwanpani. ‘This child is already sitting up.’ Category:�Remain stationary, Illness and death.

2�•�come from, habitually live at. Ngarri ta ngatpanpani ta ngatpuran Warruwi. ‘We are people who live at, who come from Warruwi.’ See:�kawanpani�‘dugong group’; kiwani�‘sit’. Category:�Peoples and clans.

kiwarnpani��iv. sit back on heels (a polite way of sitting). Jaka jita warramumpik kurrinyanti kinyparnpani. ‘Look at that woman sitting on her heels, sitting politely.’ Category:�Remain stationary.

kiwarntangaliki��iv. 1�•�used to describe someone who is sleeping with their legs up, for example lying on their back with knees bent and feet on the floor. Category:�Remain stationary.

Restrict:�VE subject 2: kamawarntangaliki�•�scattered trees in the distance. Ta kamawarntangaliki naka mata warak kamalangali mata warlk. ‘When (we say) kamawarntangaliki it means that the trees are standing in the distance.’ See:�kilangali�‘be born’. Category:�General terms.

kiwarntarrkanyjilin��iv. 1�•�colours of paint mixing together, or becoming part of a family, for example becoming an in-law. awarntarrkanyjilin ‘e.g. Barbara Golden married Johnny, Nancy's promised husband so we could say this word about Barbara and Nancy - they became close family.’ Syn:�kiwartawkunjilin. Category:�Manipulation, family, inc moieties.

Restrict:�VE subject 2: kamawarntarrkanyjilin�•�the tree limbs branch off. Category:�General terms.

Restrict:�LL subject 3: kangparntarrkanyjilin�•�branching off part of road. Syn:�kangparrkparnjilin. Category:�Large features.

kiwararrken��iv. cry. Kiwararrken nuyu ja inimalkpany. ‘He is crying for his father.’ Ngapi ngawararrkeny. ‘I cried’. Awuranka awujikiny nuyu pa kiwararrken ja warranyngiw. ‘They came over and showed themselves, sat for a little while and that little child cried for them when they left.’ See:�kingutin�‘cry’; warnalay�‘cry’; kiwararrkpararrken�‘cry at length’. Category:�Automatic actions, Sorrow, happiness, Non language human voice sounds.

kiwararrkpararrken��iv. cry at length. La awararrkpararrkenang. ‘And they used to cry and cry.’ See:�kiwararrken�‘cry’. Category:�Automatic actions, Sorrow, happiness, Non language human voice sounds.

kiwartawkunjilin��iv. 1�•�mixed together. -wartawkunjilin, iwartawkunjiliny ‘it's all mixed together’. See:�kinnyartawkun�‘add onto’; kiniwartawn�‘add together’; kiniwinyjama�‘mix together’; awk�‘colours of paint mixing together, or becoming part of a family, for example becoming an in-law’. Category:�General.

Restrict:�PL subject 2: kawartawkunjilin�•�mix together, join together into one group, they took him into their family, they match, they are equal. For example, sheep and cows mixed together in the one group, people from the mainland and here are all mixed together, the different tribes.With human plural subject means 'they joined together' for example when two groups of people are walking along separate roads, then meet up and keep walking along together. ngartpartakawjilinka ‘Join together as family’. Wakapa awartawkunjilinang awaning. ‘They lived there together as a group.’ Syn:�kiwarntarrkanyjilin. Category:�Manipulation.

Restrict:�VE subject 3: kamawarntawkunjilin�•�a grove of trees, a group of trees growing close together. Category:�General terms.

Restrict:�LL subject 4: kangparntawkunjilin�•�roads running parallel or nearly parallel. See:�kangparrkparnjilin�‘branching off road or path’; kawartpanyjilin�‘they are meeting’. Category:�Land features.

kiwartpun��iv. Dig for water (with the hands or using a shell). Ngarrartpuning. ‘We were digging (a well for water).’ Ngapi ngartpuning (wupaj). ‘I was digging for water.’ Yartpuning. ‘He was digging.’ Category:�Manipulation.

kiwelkpin��iv. 1�•�hot, dehydrated, dry out. Ngapi ngawelkpin mira. Ngana ngungpanala wupaj. ‘I am hot (and) dry. I'm going to drink water.’ Muka mata ngarntawul mata mirlak nakapa yara kamarntulyakpin marntulyak kamawelkpin yara kama jurr tuka kunak. ‘This grass, it's a tall grass. When it shoots up very high and it's tall and dries out, it falls down on the ground.’ Mata mawelkpiny, or murrurtpiny. ‘Wood that is dried out or ready (to be used).’ See:�wuwukuwuk�‘feel hot to touch’. Category:�Discomfort and pain, Properties of surface.

Restrict:�ED subject 2 :kapelkpin�•�the yam vine has died and the yam is ready to dig. Kapelkpin ta karwuluk nakapa karrata ta karwuluk. ‘When it's getting dried, the leaf and the vine, the yam of the vine gets dried, it tells us that it's time for us to go look for wild yams.(lit 'eat')’. See:�pelk�‘coverb, swelling’. Category:�General terms.

kiwilk��coverb. a little of, a small portion of. Yanat inimany kiwilk ja irratat, anyak inimany. ‘He took a small portion of meat, he took a little.’ Inimany ilijap ja kiyap. ‘He took a little bit of fish.’ See:�kiniwilkpun�‘seperate’. Category:�Transfer.

kiwirlkujpakpan��iv. sob, taking in large gulps of air at intervals, sound like hiccups. When a child is really distressed they cry like this. See:�kinimirlkun�‘moan’. Category:�Automatic actions, Sorrow, happiness, Non language human voice sounds.

kiwinypalinypukpun��iv. wash hands. Ngana nganawinypalinypukpun. ‘I will go and wash my hands.’ See:�kiniwinypun�‘washing’. Category:�Weak impact.

kiwirnngalkpun��iv. Restrict:�VE subject a burning fire of embers, when a fire becomes all embers and the flames have settled down. Manawirnngalkpun kirrk la arriwawunya kiyap. ‘When the fire becomes embers we will cook the fish.’ Kamawirnngalkpun mata yungku. ‘The fire's burned down to embers.’ See:�kiningalkpun�‘crack, pound’. Category:�Fire.

kiwirkanymin��iv. senile, very old. Wularrut iwirkanyminy. ‘He has become senile.’ See:�nuwarlkparrakan�‘old man’. Category:�Illness and death.

kiwirtpalma��iv. stuck, stranded. Parangapa wularrut angpirtpalmany la kuwawirtata injin. ‘It is stuck in the sand (refers to outboard motor) so turn off the motor.’ Category:�Holding, sticking.

kiwken��iv. 1�•�look, look for. arrkpanuken ‘we will look’; karrukany, nguken, anngukeny, yukeny, inyukeny, awukeny~awukany. Awuran tuka wurl awukany ajirrik yurnu nuyu. ‘They went to a billabong, they looked for what might be its footprints.’ Anngukeny tuka kurrampalk, arlarrarr mata yungu. ‘You looked at the house but there's no fire.’ Ngarrkarrk arrarrkpi awuran awukakenang nganaparru. ‘Two men went looking for buffalo.’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

2�•�boss, leader. Usage:�light Mawng yukenang ‘he was chief’. Yanat ja kiwken ngarrurru. ‘He is our boss.’ ngarruken ‘we are the bosses’. Syn:�kingatarryu. Category:�Peoples and clans.

kiwrlgen��iv. 1�•�enter, go inside. yurlkeny, yurlgany ‘he entered, went in’. Aminang awurlgeny parak, yiwumany parak ja arrarrkpi. ‘They entered in and took the man with them.’ Nukapa kapala kantaji kangurlgeny ta kurrula. ‘The boat's got a hole in it and sea water's coming it.’ Nginymiliny tuka inyurlgeny parak mirlak mata marntulyak. ‘I missed her where she entered the long grass’. See:�kinnyarlgunta�‘put inside’; kerlkan�‘sink’; kamawarlkanyi�‘fall down’. Category:�Movement relating to fixed point.

Restrict:�LL subject 2: kangurlgen�•�creek or river enter the sea. Category:�Motion relating to water, Movement relating to fixed point.

kiwrlkatin��iv. disappear, get lost. iwanurlkatin, yurlkatingan, yurlkating, yurkatina. Awurlkatinganapa arrkpanuken. ‘They've disappeared so we'll go and look for them.’ Arrayawng la yurlkatingan. ‘We saw him but he disappeared.’ See:�kiniyurlka�‘bury, cover, plant’; kiw�‘a little of’. Category:�Concealment.

kiwmalngajpun��iv. make more. Kiwmalngajpun ja rubbish. ‘He's making a mess, bringing in mess into the house.’ See:�yumalngaj�‘hard-working hunter’; kinimalngajpun�‘make more of’. Category:�Appearance, General change of state.

kiwnmen��iv. try, attempt. kinyunmen, yunmeny, ngunmeny. Arrkpanunmenju. ‘We will just try (to see if we can do it).’ Ajirrik inyunmenang ingakajpuning. Making la inyunmenang rturr akutju. ‘She was trying to read. However, she kept on trying.’ Ngapi ngunmekpen ngannginka Mawng. ‘I�€š�„ôm learning to speak Mawng.’ See:�rturr�‘try persistently’; kija�‘go on try it!’; kannyunmen�‘try unsuccessfully’. Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

kiwnmin��iv. be similar, of the same kind, the same. ngunmin, karrunmin, ngarrunmin, kanngunmin, kurrunmin, kinyunmin, kawunmin, ngunminy, arrunminy, ngarrunminy, anngunminy, kurrunminy, yunminy ‘they were the same (nonhumans)’; inyunminy, awunminy, awunminy ‘they are the same’. Kiwnmin kirrkju ja jurra. ‘Both books are the same.’ Naka kangumin ta wulatpiyi kangunmin akutju. ‘The meaning is the same.’ Kawunminju mata warlk kawulangali rtil. ‘They're the same height, they're standing together.’ See:�kingarunmin�‘share characteristic’; kiniyarrun�‘become like’.

kiwrnparra��iv. sleep. yurnparrang ‘he went to sleep’; yurnparray ‘He's not sleeping.’. Wularrutapa yurnparrang ja warranyngiw. ‘The child is asleep now.’ See:�kiw�‘a little of’; ngurrij�‘sleep’; kiwtpin�‘sleep for some time’. Category:�Sleep, Remain stationary.

kiwraka��iv. -uraka. 1�•�go first, go ahead, go in front, be in front. Nganuraka, ngarruraka. Yanat wularrut yurakan. ‘He has already gone ahead.’ wularrut mira pata namumuyak pata awurakangung ‘a long time ago those dreamtime people who came before us’. kawuraka ta kurrampalk ‘they're in front of the house’. Ant:�kinilurrku. Category:�Movement relating to moving object, Location and distance.

2�•�go home. Anth: Used in saying goodbye. Ngarri ta warrwak mira ngarrurakangung. ‘We were the last people that got back.’ yurakan ‘he went home’. See:�jinyngu�‘dark’; warrwak�‘afterwards’. Category:�Movement relating to fixed point. Note: Can mean 'go ahead' in a temporal sense too

lv.

kiwruju��iv. sleep in, sleep late. yurujungan ‘he slept in’. Ngapi ngurujungan. ‘I slept late.’ yurajungan ‘he slept in’. Awutpiny awurakat jinyngu la ngarripa ngarrurujung. ‘They slept then got up early while we were still asleep.’ Ant:�jinyngu. Category:�Sleep.

uruju��lv. See:�arri�‘sleepy’.

kiwryi��iv. swim, bath, wash (self). Usage:�Cannot be used for fish. yurying ‘he bathed, had a shower’; inyuryiliny ‘the sun set into the water’. Wularrutapa awuryiliny ta minyngu. ‘They have now washed for the mortuary ceremony’. Nganarntakpunju warlk pa awanuryi. ‘I'll just chop (it) down and they'll be swamped (Crow story).’ See:�kingurrin�‘used to describe fish swimming’. Inyi kannguriyi. ‘don't swim.’ See:�kinyuryi muwarn�‘sunset, west’; kerlkan�‘sink’. Category:�Motion relating to water.

kiwrrurtpin��iv. cook, ripen, become ready. murrurtpiny ‘become ripe’. Ja pinana wularrut yurrurtpiny. ‘The banana is now ripe.’ Mata mawelkpiny, or murrurtpiny. ‘Wood that is dried out or ready (to be good for something).’ See:�yurrurt�‘ripe, cooked’. Category:�Cooking, General.

kiwtpin��iv. lie for some time, sleep for some time such as a night. yutpiny ‘he slept the night, stayed the night’. Awutpiny ngulamngulam wenat awuran apumany ta kuli awaning apulangung. ‘They slept (and) in the morning they went and got yams (and then) sat and ate them.’ mutpiny ‘it (wood) lay there for a while, burning down’. yutpiny iwany kirrk ‘it (tortoise) lay there for a while, cooking’. See:�kiwrnparra�‘sleep’. Category:�Sleep.

kiwrtin��iv. land, go towards coast, go inland, go upwards. yurtiny ‘he came up onto the beach, he landed (on the beach)’; murtiny ‘it is washed up on the shore (a tree)’; awurtiny ‘they came ashore’. Ngapipa nganurtin wawurri nganuraka tuka kunak. ‘I am going to land, come in to land, (and then) go on to the camp.’ Awuranka (awurtiny). ‘They were coming in towards us, towards the coast.’ Kawurtin jita arukin. ‘They have gone inland for the kurnapipi’. wakapa Wangarran kangurtiny parak kapa angminy parak wawurri. ‘Wangarran stretches right inland, part of it is inland (it's a large area).’ Ngungpanunma nuwu ta yurtiny nawunawu. ‘I'm going to tell you about how a whale was washed ashore.’ See:�kilawurtin�‘the tide is coming in’. Ant:�kilatpa. Category:�Vertical motion, Motion relating to water.

kiwrtpin��iv. hurry, pass by, move ahead. yurtpiny ‘he hurried’; anngurrtpina ‘you move’; awurtpina, kinyurtpin. Ngapipa wularrut apa ngurtpiny parak. ‘I was already hurrying along.’ Malany Mayinaj la Yumparrparr iniwung imajungan yurtpinypi pa iwung kapin waryat ‘Yes, Mayinaj hit Yumparrparr and he died and turned into a rock.’ Category:�Activity manner, Movement relating to fixed point.

kiwuja��iv. stink, smell. Naka ja inyarlgan kiwuja murnin wularrut yung tuka ajput ngarrkarrk la ngarrkarrk ngurrij. ‘The turtle stinks because it has been on the beach for four days.’ Ngatpin jal "Aputjantinyju, apurrunti". ‘We just say "It smells, it's no good" (about a rotten yam, rather than use root -lililut).’ See:�kiniwujirra�‘smell’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kiwujpa��iv. lick. kiwujpakpaga. See:�kannyujpakpa�‘breastfeed’; katiwujpa�‘pack up and leave’. Category:�Illness.

kiwujpikpin��iv. 1�•�swollen. Ngapi ngawujpikpin kani tuka wanji la nganimi. ‘I have swelling on my head and back.’ Kamawujpikpin wun. ‘Somebody's got a sore eye.’ Ja karrpujpikpin. ‘Our skin is swollen (from a bite).’ See:�arij�‘coverb’; wujpi (kili; kinila)�‘have plenty’; kiwutpin�‘approach quickly’. Category:�Physical disability and injury.

Restrict:�VE subject 2: kamawujpikpin�•�a thicket of trees. Category:�General terms.

lv.

kiwukpa��iv. 1�•�cool, cooling. kangpukpa ‘It (liquid) is cooling (still hot)’; angpukpany ‘It (liquid) is cooled’; kamawukpa ‘it is cooling’. Met la kangpukpa ta ti kayirrk. ‘Wait, the tea is cooling.’ Met la kangpukpa ta ti. ‘Wait on, the tea is cool (now).’ Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

2�•�dry. Kiwukpakpa manpurrwa. ‘The clothes are drying.’ Category:�Properties of surface.

Restrict:�ED subject 3: kapukpa�•�blow (wind). Usage:�Used for all winds Marlu kapukpaga. ‘The wind is blowing, cooling.’ Kapa kapukpa ta marlu. ‘The wind's blowing that way.’ Kapukpakpa kangmarrangulin. ‘The (north-west) wind blowing reminds me of what happened in the past.’ See:�kiniwukpa�‘auxiliary’. Category:�Wind.

kiwularrun��iv. finish. Qeqe parangapa ngarrungpularru-ng,inypularru-ng jita warrawurnji kinypani tuka mawngku. ‘Yes, then we finish, the girl finishes sitting in the shelter.’ See:�kiniwularrun�‘finish’. Category:�Activity manner.

kiwurlkparlangken��iv. 1�•�get a shock (may be pleasant or unpleasant). iwurlkparlangkeny ‘he was shocked, surprised’; ngawurlkparlangkeny. Well yanatapa ja Wurakak la iwurlkparlangkekenang. ‘Well Crow got a real shock.’ Inyminy ngarrurru jita ninyparlkparrakan jara ja rrupiya iwanawi nuwurru. Kayirrk la ngatpurlkparlangkeny la ngatpiny marrmarr. ‘The old lady told us "the other money will come to you". Then we got a shock and we were pleased.’ Kawurlkparlangkeken. ‘They got a shock.’ Syn:�kiyalmalangken. Category:�fear, shock, surprise, Supernatural.

2�•�worry, be nervous, scared, feel uneasy. Category:�fear, shock, surprise.

kiwurlkpungku��iv. feel sorry for oneself, feel sad. iwurlkpungkun. iwurlkpungkun ‘he was feeling sorry for himself’. See:�kiniwurlkpungku�‘feel sorry for’. Category:�Sorrow, happiness.

kiwun��iv. 1�•�be. Kiwun numinyjiny. ‘He likes to live a peaceful life.’ Ngawun ngaminyjiny. ‘I am satisfied.’ Note: All examples have occured with adjective numinyjiny to date.

2�•�change in appearance or nature. Anth: For example, when dreamtime people changed into birds, in the Wurakak story. Also when people get fat, or if they get nasty. Also if people pretend to be different or when they act as in a play. pata arrarrkpi, pata karlurriyawk kayirrkapa awungapa awarranapa awungapa kapin karlurri akut. ‘those people, who are birds now. They stayed there and they went around like people but they were still birds.’ kiwun(ju) kapin palanta ‘he's acting like a balanda (said as a tease)’. Iwung(ju) kapin wurakak. ‘He changed into a crow.’ See:�kimirlkpungen�‘turn around’; kiw�‘a little of’. Category:�General.

Restrict:�LL subject 3: kangpun�•�time of day marker. Angpung arukaruk. ‘It was late afternoon.’ Kangpun arukaruk arrpana kiyap. ‘Every afternoon we go fishing.’ Kangpun manya kiw. ‘Whenever there's a funeral.’ Category:�Daily.

lv.

kiwunta��iv. shit. ja kiwunta ‘not very confident of the transcription which HH wrote as kyunta’. Kiwunta kurak. ‘They do shit.’ Marrik nguntay (nguwuntay) ‘I'm constipated.’ See:�kimilunta�‘shit’. Category:�Secretions and substances, Sickness.

kiwurntun��iv. have premonition, have a feeling related to what is happening to someone close to him. Kelyu tuka wurak naka kiwurntun ja yalkpany nuyu kerraga. ‘He feels in his stomach, that is he has a premonition, that his sister's son is coming.’ Category:�Supernatural.

kiwurjuju��iv. suffer from pain. Ngapi ngawurjujungan marrik atjik rtil. ‘I was suffering pain (in my legs) so we did not go together (ie. I did not go with them).’ Category:�Discomfort and pain.

kiwutin��iv. 1�•�tensed up, upset. Pata awangung apurra marlu marrngarla kirrk ngatpin awutikinang. ‘When they used to go in rough areas we say they are tensed up, upset inside.’ Category:�Anxiety, shame.

Restrict:�LL subject 2 kangputin�•�matter be unresolved. Kangputin ta nungmurrunti. Kangputikin angkat. ‘It is unresolved (that) bad matter. It is still unresolved (a court case).’ Category:�Fight.

kiwutpa��iv. camp overnight. See:�kiwutpin�‘approach quickly’; kinilarrutpa�‘stay overnight’; katiwujpa�‘pack up and leave, move house’. Category:�Sleep.

kiwutpin��iv. approach quickly. Ja marntingunyuny ja ngatpijan, ngarrutpin parak. ‘The dugong, that we're paddling towards.’ awutpikpiny paraju ‘they went quickly to see’. See:�kiwutpa�‘camp overnight’; kiwujpikpin�‘swell, swollen’. Category:�Movement relating to fixed point, Activity manner.

kiyalmalangken��iv. 1�•�get a sudden fright, shock, surprise. Ingawawng manya kilangali inyjalmalangkeny. ‘She saw a spirit standing there and got a fright.’ Ngalyungan kinymaju jita nginymakan la ngalalmalangkeny. ‘I heard that my wife was ill and got a shock.’ See:�kiwurlkparlangken�‘get a shock’. Category:�fear, shock, surprise.

2�•�sense inside. Kilalmalangkeken pa ngungpurrun kiwunmakpa. ‘He feels something in his body so maybe people are talking about him.’ Kinyinmalangkeken. ‘She felt something inside.’ See:�rtupij�‘Have a premonition of something wrong’. Category:�Supernatural.

kiyarlinypun��iv. clean teeth. Category:�Weak impact.

kiyama��iv. work, hunt, gather. katjama ‘we are working together’; atjamanyi ‘we didn't work together’. Yanat iyamangung ngartu. ‘He was working for me.’ Iyamany ngaw la yamin. ‘They work for each other (2 men).’ Atjayamaniny rtilwirtilwi ‘We worked together’. Category:�Social responsibilities and events.

kiyarni��iv. wear. Ma, anjarninga. ‘Come on, put it on.’ Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

kiyarntagali��iv. wear (on feet), i.e. wear shoes. Anjarntagalinga. ‘Put (your thongs) on your feet.’ See:�kingartalku�‘wear on head’; kinilagalun�‘drag, push’. Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

kiyap��noun. fish, generic term. Inimany mira kiyap. ‘He caught a lot of fish.’ Syn:�yap. Category:�Other fish terms.

kiyarrarlgen��iv. 1�•�have heartburn. Category:�Sickness.

2�•�meat get spoiled by being overcooked, or going off. Category:�Goodness, Cooking.

Restrict:�VE subject 3: kamayirralgan�•�food that has become spoiled by being overcooked or has gone mouldy. Ta pirraja wularrut kamayirralgan ‘The rice has got old by now.’ Ta karrpin mayirrarlkeny naka ta karrpunya walij katangali kata tuka yungku angkat. ‘When we say mayirrarlkeny then we cook the food and it stays beside the fire (and burns).’ Category:�Cooking, Goodness.

kiyarrkalku��iv. cut own hair. Category:�Divide, cut, tear, Head.

kiyarrkpunyjilin��iv. finish. Iyamangung iyarrkpunyjiliny. ‘He has finished working.’ La kawani kawani ngarlakarlak la kiki yirrik kamin la kapin ta awuyarrkpunjilin kirrk. ‘They sit there having a meeting or whatever and then they finish.’ Yarran iwany iyarrkpunyjiliny yurrwiriyu yung. ‘They burned it all up until there were only ashes left.’ See:�kiniyarrkpun�‘finish’. Category:�Activity manner.

kiyintukun��iv. be disinclined (to do something), be against (a line of action). Ngayintukun. ‘I am against (that), I am disinclined to (do it).’ See:�kiyintun�‘cease’; marr�‘be aganst something’. Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

ngayintukun akut��

kiyintun��iv. 1�•�stop, cease. Atjintuny marlu. ‘The wind ceased (blowing).’ Arukaruk marlu atjintung. ‘Towards evening the wind fell.’ See:�kiyintukun�‘disinclined, against’. Category:�Waiting, doing nothing.

Restrict:�VE subject 2: kamayintun�•�tide go out. La ngungpurrun mayintuny apa weli pa inimangang parak kapa weli kapa kinyuryi muwarn. ‘And I think when the tide went out, it took him away towards the west.’ See:�kimajunmajun�‘very sick’. Category:�Water bodies.

kiyirnparrki��iv. have an affectionate feeling for, feel sorry for. Ngayirnparrki ngaw walamurru. ‘I think she is a dear (digging with) digging stick (for yams).’ Category:�Sorrow, happiness.

kiyirran��iv. 1�•�shine a light, give off light, shine light on oneself. kinyjirran ‘she is shining a light’; kanjirran. Nuka arrarrkpi kiyirran mata light ‘This is a man shining a light.’ Category:�Colours and light.

Restrict:�LL subject 2: kanjirran�•�be light, give off light. Muwarn kanjirran ta warntatarr. ‘The sun's shining, it's daytime.’ Kanjirran (ta) kunak. ‘The land is lit up (by the moon), we can see.’ Kanjirran alan. ‘We can see the road (because of moonlight)’. See:�kiniyirran�‘illuminate’; kinjirran�‘light’. Category:�Cognitive senses and attention.

kiyirrngpungkun��iv. sit quietly, without talking or laughing. Awuyirrnguny la awuyirrnpungkuny. ‘They moved a bit and sat quietly.’ Category:�Waiting, doing nothing.

kiyirrngun��iv. move, shake. Ngayirrnguny. ‘I moved (a muscle in my body).’ Awuyirrnguny la awuyirrnpungkuny. ‘They moved a bit and sat quietly.’ Malany ngalyung ta atjirringunang parang la nguran ap. ‘I felt the movement (of the tremor) and so I sat down.’ See:�kiniyirrngun�‘move, shake’. Category:�General terms.

kiyirrulken��iv. shout. Awurrangung awuyirrulkekenang. ‘(As they) were going along they kept on shouting out.’ Pa awuyirrulkenang. ‘They were cheering.’ Category:�Language.

kiyirrwarrki��iv. to pick teeth. Ngapi ngayiwarrki. ‘I am picking my teeth.’ Category:�Weak impact, Head.

kiyitirrikun��iv. wail, cry strenuously. Iwaning iyitirrikunang. ‘He was sitting (there) wailing.’ Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kiyitpirrakan��iv. daylight is coming. Marryun arrkpanurakapa la wularrut kiyitpirrakanka. ‘Boys, let's go home since it is coming on daylight.’ La ajirrik awuwutpiny ngulamngulam itpirrakanka tuka warak nakapa inyuran. ‘And when they were sleeping just around dawn, when the sky was still dark, that was when she went off.’ See:�kimartjikpin. Category:�Daily.

kiyirtpalinypu��iv. wash hands. katjirtpalinypun ‘we wash our hands’; kinyjirtpalinypun. Kurriwanala ja irratat ja mun nuyu la kutpawirtpalinypun la yunyi kutartpikpin la kurrimang mun nuyu. ‘When you eat the meat mun-nuyu stingray, wash your hands, do not rub the fat into your hands or you will get warts from (the stingray).’ See:�kiniyirtpa�‘borrow from’; katiwirtpala�‘gather together’. Category:�Weak impact.

kiyiwarrakan��iv. show white, e.g. a smiling mouth showing teeth, breaking surf. Kiyiwarrakan kapin mankarlaparra. ‘The breaking surf is like a blue and white water lily.’ See:�kiwarlkparran�‘white’. Category:�Colours and light.

kiyiyarlangken��iv. yawn. Ngapi ngayiyarlangken. ‘I am yawning.’ See:�kerlangken�‘open’. Category:�Automatic actions.

kiyulu��iv. move. Awunpayawng pata arrarrkpi awuyulungan. ‘They saw the men moving.’ See:�kiniyulun�‘cast off shell’. Category:�General terms.

kiyurjin��iv. buried, planted, in ground. Karnjawarra kinyu tuka nganykarrarr la kinyurjin tuka irnkirr akutju. ‘The crab is in the mangroves buried under the mud.’ Warlk kamayurrkjiny, kamalatin or something like that. ‘There's a plant planted in it, in it or something like that.’ Artpurrij katjurjin Anjumu ‘Sweet potatoes are planted at Anjumu.’ See:�kiniyurlka�‘bury’. Category:�Mental disability.

kolawertwert��noun. curlews and whimbrels. Numenius spp.. See:�kurrwirlu�‘curlew’. Category:�Small birds.

kolomomo��noun. fresh water crocodile. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians.

kork! kork! kork!��interjection. a call indicating a large amount of food or fish has been obtained. Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kortaweli��noun. monster name. Category:�Dreamtime names.

kortong��ideophone. sound made when gulping water. Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kujikang��noun. 1�•�kangaroo or wallaby pouch. Syn:�wakpart. Category:�Mammals.

2�•�pocket in a coat or dress or trousers. Syn:�wakpart. Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

kujirri��noun. sickly. Category:�Sickness.

kujpagarri��noun. wallaby. Category:�Mammals.

kujurn��noun. 1�•�white clay. See:�karlwa�‘white clay’. Category:�Soil, Clothing, adornment, magic items.

2�•�salmon Gum. Eucalyptus alba var. australasica, Eucalyptus apodophylla. See:�wurriny�‘Whitewood, Salmon gum, River red gum, Ghost gum’. Category:�Trees and bushes. Note: May cover other species with smooth, dull white bark too.

kula��crossreference. See:�kurlingka�‘question marker’.

kulangarna��noun. dillybag made of string. Anth: Made from Yirrkari. Used to carry yams and that type of thing. Category:�Tools, women's.

kulapaku��noun. Great-billed Heron. Category:�Small birds.

kulaw��noun. pearl. Category:�Crustaceans.

kuli��noun. Cheeky round yam. Type of poisonous yam (cheeky) which has to be soaked before preparation for eating. Dioscorea bulbifera. Variant:�Iwaidja: Gurldi. Kuli kakatpi akarnpa, akiri, apiya la muj warranyngiw ngaw akuju kakatpi ta Kuli. Malany katangali tuka walmurtja wukej. La ta wularrut pata warramumpik awangkung apuwuning aparajuning tuka ngulk. Kayirrk la apakangung jaw tuka wurl atjung. Ngulamngulam kayirrk la awangkung apumangung apulangung ta kuli. ‘The Kuli Yam has a stalk and leaves and a thick skin on it, and it also has young tubers with it. It grows in the jungle. Once the women used to go gathering them and later cooked them in the hot sand. Then they would soak them in a waterhole overnight. Next day they would and get them and eat them.’ Category:�Tubers, Plant food. Anth: Cook by boiling all day, changing the water regularly until the poison has all come out. In the old days they used to slice it up and put it in a string bag (yangali).

kuling��noun. rudder. Category:�Items for fishing.

kulkurntupurntu��noun. eyebrow. Syn:�wurnpurnurri. Category:�Head.

kulul��noun. full, narrow, tight. Round narrow area. Nakapa kulul kirrk ja panikin. ‘The container is full.’ See:�mampal�‘full’. Category:�Arrangement.

kurl��coverb. 1�•�drown (submerge with intention to kill). Nyatpi kurl ja luluj. ‘I drown the dog.’ wupaj annyatpang kurl ‘(if A, then) the water would come up and the land would be submerged.’ See:�wurlkurl�‘sink down’; wurlwurl�‘dunk’; kurlkurl. Category:�Manipulation.

Restrict:�LL object 2�•�cook in the hot sand. Ngungakan kurl. ‘I have thrown it into the prepared hot sand to cook.’ Category:�Cooking.

kurlajuk��noun. egg. See:�kalwirruk nuyu�‘hard egg white’; rlitirr�‘hatch’. Category:�Bird foods.

kurlawutu��noun. first year initiate kurnapipi. See:�kurnapipi�‘big ceremony that is run by the duwa side’. Category:�Initiation, General ritual.

kurli��noun. Cicada, blue grasshopper. Category:�Insects.

kurlingka��part. question marker, requires yes or no answer and verb. Kurlingka aralpa iminy nuwu? ‘Is it true he said (that) to you?’ Kurlingka imij punyiga? Eqe, imij punyi. ‘Is there heavy rain coming? Yes, there is heavy rain.’ Kurlingka iwana Putawin ja marryun? Makiny iniwirtatiny ja kimin nuyu punyi. ‘Is the boy going to Darwin? No, his father stopped him.’ Category:�Language.

kurlkurl��coverb. hidden away from view, stuck somewhere where no one can see you, in jail, stuck. Pa awuntuwinypuningapa nukang weringki nuyu ta awaning kurlkurl tuka wurak nuyu. ‘They were washing them because of it's stomach grease, from them being stuck inside its guts.’ See:�wurlwurl�‘sink down, dunk’; wurlkurl�‘sink down, uneven ground’; kurl�‘drown (submerge with the intention to kill)’. Category:�Concealment, Holding, sticking.

Kumarrinymarriny��noun. place name. Category:�Place names.

Kumarterr��noun. place name. Category:�Place names.

kumpang��noun. Macassan type pottery container. Category:�Other.

kumpil��noun. chest. Category:�Organs and torso. Note: Also a women's dance move that goes with Inyjalarrku

kunak��noun. 1�•�ground or dirt, can also refer to the sea bottom. Kiw tuka kunak. ‘It is lying on the ground.’ See:�yulngpuj�‘dust’. Category:�Land features.

2�•�camp, home. Kiwani tuka kunak ngartu. ‘He is at my camp.’ Category:�Shelter, camp, house.

3�•�country, land. Ngapi ngartu kunak kapa Wungarnpa. ‘My country is at King River.’ Category:�Land features.

Restrict:�LL subject 1 kanti kunak, kantangali kunak�•�camp semipermanently for a few months, build huts, many people camping there. Usage:�Used like a noun to refer to the camp. Wakapa kanti kunak arrarrkpi kawulangali. ‘Over there a group of people were staying in a long term camp.’ Wakapa antangaling kunak wigarra pata arrarrkpi awaning la warra kamumu la warranyngiw. ‘There were a lot of people camping there; men, women and children.’ Iwulangungapa kiyap. Anting kunak pata pukawkapa pata arrarrkpi, pata karlurri awk. ‘They were eating the fish. They had a big camp with a lot of people where they stayed for a while, all those people, all those birds.’ Category:�Remain stationary.

Restrict:�LL object 2 kannyen�•�bury.dead. Usage:�only for humans, not animals Wularrut ngungeny kunak. ‘I already buried the body.’ Kangpen kunak kirrk like ngarrkarrk la werakap kangpen kunak. ‘They buried them all, like they buried three.’ Category:�Mourning.

kunakay��interjection. excuse me, when going close to another person or about to move in front of them. See:�kinnyaka; kinilagurrun�‘deceive, trick’. Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

Kunaviji��noun. Kunaviji. Category:�Dreamtime names.

kunijanaka��part. hesitation form, literally 'what is that?'. See:�ngantijanuka�‘person, indefinite.’. Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kunjarraj��noun. large, blue Wrasses and Parrotfishes. Labridae family, Macropharyngodon spp.. See:�arilka�‘smaller one of the same type’. Category:�Parrotfish.

kunjarrpili��noun. terraced sandstone rock like that found at Nganyamirnali (Bottle Rock). Category:�Soil.

kunji��coverb. reject, be harsh to. Punyi nakapa ngantuwun kunji. ‘Father, they are treating me harshly.’ Iniwung kunji. ‘He dismissed him.’ Category:�Judgement, evaluation.

kunjirtpungku��crossreference. See:�kiniyirtpungku�‘take’.

kunkarlk��noun. 1�•�tree type. Premna serratifolia. Variant:�Iwaidja: Girdbu. See:�kunkarrk�‘Chinese Fingernail clam’; purl�‘light fire with firesticks’. Category:�Trees and bushes. Anth: tree from which upright firestick is obtained

2�•�upright part of fire stick. Category:�Tools, men's, Fire.

kunkapam��noun. calf of leg. Category:�Limbs.

kunkarrk��noun. Chinese Fingernail Clam. Solen sp.. Variant:�Iwaidja: manjawakmanjawak. See:�kunkarlk�‘tree species, upright part of firestick’. Category:�Shellfish.

kunkawarn��noun. camping place. Category:�Shelter, camp, house. Note: Used when talking about lost boy - marrkijpu saw the place where he was sleeping for a few nights

kunkun wupaj��noun. long yam which grows near water, it is sweet tasting. Dioscorea elata. See:�karwuluk�‘Dioscorea transversa’. Category:�Tubers, Plant food. Anth: Inside the yam is purple and very sweet.

kunlon��coverb. injure. Iniwung kunlon. ‘He injured him.’ Category:�Discomfort and pain.

Kunmarung��name. used by Kunwinyku and Kunbarlang people to refer to Mawng people and or their language. Variant:�Kunwinjku; Kunbarlang. Usage:�Not really a Mawng word, more a Kunbarlang or Kunwinjku word. Category:�Dreamtime names.

Kunpalanya��noun. Oenpelli. Category:�Place names.

Kunparlang��noun. Kunbarlang people, Kunbarlang language. Variant:�Kunbarlang. Syn:�walang. Category:�Dreamtime names.

kunparlparl��noun. tree type. Denhamia obscura. Category:�Trees and bushes.

kuntaruk��noun. possum. Category:�Mammals.

kunteypi��noun. polite system of kinship terms involving a three way reference system. Anth: Nowadays only some terms are used, mainly those that refer to people for whom respect or avoidance is necessary such as opposite sex siblings, mother-in-law and poison-cousin. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kuntij��noun. 1�•�a man or woman uses this to talk to one of their children about another one. Ankajanti ngaw wuntij inyanyjiga arrkpanuraka tuka kunak. ‘Call your sister to come and we will go home.’ Syn:�nuwutpurrung, nuwutpuntuj. Category:�family, inc moieties.

2�•�conversation or stories about his sister which a man should not hear, they should not be spoken when he is around. Also vice versa a woman hearing about her brother. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kuntuy��noun. a man calls his son's wife or daughter's husband kuntuy and he or she refers to him in the same way. A woman calls someone who is married to her ngawiny kuntuy too and they call her kuntuy back. See:�mawawiny�‘mother-in-law, woman's child-in-law’; wimek�‘a man and his sister use this word to refer to the man's son when talking to the son's wife’; murlij�‘your ngawiny who is my ngawiny’; innyurawng�‘father-in-law to’. Category:�family, inc moieties. Anth: reciprocal

kunu��noun. clear sky. See:�kalalk�‘clear sky’; kuwinu�‘cloud’. Category:�Sky, Weather.

kunuka��part. what thing (question marker)? Used with oblique object pronoun in one construction below. Kunuka? Paki ngarrununi. ‘What (is it you want)? Give me tobacco.’ Ta kunuka arrkanawinypukpun tuka mamarrk? ‘What will we clean out the middle part with?’ Atilatikingka ja kurrampalk, wilmurr la kunukaw inilatikingka. ‘He packed all that stuff for houses: iron poles and whatever.’ See:�kiki; kunuka yirrik�‘whatever’. Category:�Language.

kunuka nuyu��part. why? what for? La kunuka nuyu ta kutpin kurriwunya yirrk? ‘And why is it that you burn it all?’ Kunuka (nuyu) kanpani? ‘Why are you sitting?’ Ja kunuka nuyu? ‘What for?’ Category:�Language.

kunuka yirrik��pro. whatever, what's it, something. Ja kunuka yirrik ingamiyarmangung nungpakapa inyminang ngaw. ‘Whatever she was wanting she was doing for her.’ See:�kunuka yirrik kanila�‘whatever is happening to him?’; kunuka�‘what’; yirrik�‘might, perhaps’.

kunuka yirrik kanila��phrase. whatever is happening to him? Restrict:�LL object or MA subject Kunuka yirrik nganiwany ta ngapi? ‘Whatever happened to me?’ See:�kunuka yirrik�‘whatever’. Category:�Language.

kununy��coverb. movement of water due to movement of an animal underneath. Kingurrin kununy inyarlgan. ‘There is a huge turtle going along in the water.’ Arrayanyjing kapin marlu kingurrin kununy parak. ‘We see something like the wind, something moving in the water (a child spirit).’ Category:�Movement of water.

kunungkurtpin��noun. yam type. Category:�Plant food, Tubers.

kunuwurri��noun. 'your kayu who is my iji' or 'your larla who is my kamu'. Used when talking to mother about her siblings or talking to mother's siblings about mother. See:�kurrangken�‘Said by people when talking to their father about father's siblings or to their father's siblings about their father’; ngarrunuwatpa�‘said to a person to avoid mentioning their mother or father directly to them’. Category:�family, inc moieties.

Kunwinyku��noun. Kunwinjku language. Anth: Used by Kunwinjku people to described their language and their group of people. Neyngku is the usual Mawng word used for this. Nawinyku is used more to name people who are traditional owners of a particular area of land. See:�Nawinyku�‘Traditional owner of an area of Neyngku country.’; Neyngku�‘Used by Mawng people to describe the Kunwinjku language and people’. Category:�Dreamtime names.

kungany��noun. smoke. Wungany kingawunapa kingunjanymin. ‘He gets smoked and he gets darker.’ Category:�Fire.

kungkampupu��noun. skull. Category:�Head. See:�namajumpu�‘skeleton’.

kurnapipi��noun. big ceremony that is run by the duwa side. Syn:�arukin. See:�kurlawutu�‘first year initiate in kurnapipi’; kakawarr�‘messenger for kurnapipi’; japanmani�‘women's ceremony stick’; jarnpiny�‘open part at end of kurnapipi’; karlurri�‘Yirritja side ceremony parallel to kurnapipi’; ngalmamuna�‘Eastern kurnapipi’. Category:�General ritual.

kurning��noun. vulva. Category:�Organs and torso. Variant:�polite term. Syn:�kapu.

kurnkurnumarrij��noun. all kinds of softgoods, materials, clothing. Category:�Clothing, adornment, magic items.

kurnpi��noun. green plum, a plum about 1cm in diameter. Buchanania obovata. Variant:�Iwaidja: Yurrulk. Muka mata kurnpi kampuma mawiya la mangiri. La kamaju tuka wilarri wularr naka kawa kampuma kurnpi mawiya. Kawani tuka yungku la kawuntuwunyaka la kawuntumilitpakpa pata wigarnpa la wilarri. Kawalyu kamin nungmalal. ‘They would get the leaves and bark from the Wild Plum. When they are sick in their legs or their legs are hurting them, then they go and get Wild Plum leaves. They warm the patient near the fire and put the poultice their legs. Then they feel good.’ See:�marnpi�‘wild plum species’. Category:�Trees and bushes, Plant food, Medicine. Anth: Bush medicine plant used for toothache. Stem is heated and outer bark is removed, then used as toothpick. Leaves can also be heated and applied to cheek.

kurnpirripirri��noun. salt water crocodile. See:�muwarn�‘be, fly’. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians. Anth: belongs to yarriyarniny, muwarn, (sun) side of ngarranarrajku

kurntaman��noun. frill-necked lizard. Category:�Reptiles and amphibians.

kurntaparr��noun. White Mangrove. Ceriops australis. Category:�Mangroves. Anth: Has a whitish trunk. Many growing on Whalebone beach. Used for making a fighting spear by Tiwis.

inimany kurntaparr��pale stingray liver that is a sign that the stingray is o.k. to eat. Ngatpin "Ah inimany kuntaparr. That nungmalal". ‘We say "Oh it's pale. That ones good (to eat)"’. See:�inyjartpalmu�‘dark stingray liver’. Category:�Rays.

kup��ideophone. noise of a spear hitting a target.

coverb. Restrict:�LL object person make noise by smashing things together (only wooden objects?) La nakapa manatapa ikarna alaj angkuwuni(ng) kup kapin marrarawk akut. ‘That lightning sound was the sound of those ikarna clubs smashing together.’ Kangkuwut kuk. ‘They are making a smashing noise.’ Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kupa��noun. 1�•�one-pronged fish spear used by children. Category:�Tools, men's.

2�•�iron-pointed digging stick. Syn:�walamurru. Category:�Tools, women's.

kupiya��noun. cockle species, looks like a large ngarnji cockle. Syn:�arlajirr. Category:�Shellfish.

kupulak��noun. type of wild honey which is dark in colour. See:�kakurl�‘sugarbag type’. Category:�Bees and honey.

kupuny��noun. dugout canoe. Category:�Items for fishing.

kupurrk��crossreference. See:�wupurrk�‘night’.

kurak��noun. excrement, shit. Variant:�vulgar term. See:�wurak�‘guts’; imarrk�‘stomach’. Category:�Secretions and substances.

kurakak��crossreference. See:�wurakak�‘crow’.

kurut��noun. colour used to describe one colour that pandanus can be dyed. See:�kurrut�‘red clay’; karlwa�‘white clay’. Category:�Tools, women's, Colours and light.

kurutukurutuk��coverb. Restrict:�ED subject (wind) blow, (air) circulate. For example in a room with the fan on. Apilkpungakenang ta marlu atangaling kurutukurutuk. ‘The wind kept on changing blowing in different directions.’ Awaning, awaning apilkpungakenangapa ta marlu atangaling kurutuk-kurutuk apumirlajuningapa jimurru awunpirtutpangung ta pirraja. ‘They would wait until the wind turned to the South East and began blowing from that direction and then they began giving the people rice.’ Category:�Wind.

kurr��coverb. 1�•�stand upright. Malany jalakaraj kilangali kurr. ‘The fish spear is standing upright.’ Kilangali kurr. ‘He is standing up straight.’ Category:�Remain stationary.

2�•�spear at close range. Kimit kurr. ‘He spears something at close range such as a fish or crab.’ Category:�Pierce, shoot.

3�•�walk along with a walking stick, because of difficulty walking. Kerra kurr. ‘He walks with a stick.’ See:�jurr (kerra)�‘limp’. Category:�Walking.

4�•�kick. Malany innyarlukpat kurr. ‘He kicked him.’ Nuka ja pujurlung kinnyarlukpat kurr kamawarlkanyi warakapa. ‘This bottle is kicked and it's falling off.’ See:�wurrkurr. Category:�Strike or chop.

kurrampalk��noun. house. Category:�Shelter, camp, house, Other.

kurrana��noun. 1�•�moon, month. Ja kurrana kilurrangkenka kinnyutpa mapularr. ‘The full moon rose and made the sea calm (the sea is often calm when there is a full moon in the sky)’. Kurrana kimaju la ilnguk kiningula la karrila ja karnjawarra. ‘When the moon dies the crab makes the red fat and then we eat it.’ Kurrana kaniyirran kurrula kinymalarrijpikpin. ‘The moon's shining and the sea's sparkling.’ See:�kinyjunmarryun�‘new moon’; kinymarryun�‘new moon’; kinymarlkurranken�‘new moon appear’; jungkarra�‘year’. Category:�Sky, Longer.

2�•�uterus. Category:�Organs and torso.

kinnyaka kurrana��measure of time. Restrict:�people as subject - always PL Ngarriyakangung ja kurrana kiki yirrik? ‘The months pass, how many is it?’ See:�ta arryakan ja kurrana�‘some time ago’. Ta awunnyukikiyang ta awuyamangung ta arryakan ja kurrana ta nungmalal yirrk angminy. ‘The work experience program held earlier this year was very popular.’ See:�jungkarra�‘year’. Category:�Longer.

kurrangken��noun. said by people when talking to their father about father's siblings or to their father's siblings about their father. See:�kunuwurri�‘used when talking to mother about her siblings or talking to mother's siblings about mother’; kinymarlkurranken. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kurrarran��iv. You (plural) went. See main entry: kerra.

kurrikurrik��noun. Straw-necked Ibis. Threskiornis spinicollis. Category:�Small birds.

kurrininy��noun. 1�•�a woman or a man talking to their son about his brother-in-law(s). Kurrininy yanatjanat ‘Your two brothers-in-law are going along’. See:�kinini�‘say something’. Category:�family, inc moieties. See:�nuwutparlanga�‘My daughter-in-law who is your sister-in-law’. Anth: nuwutparlanga is similar but refers to a female rather than a male who has married the lower generation.

2�•�a woman says this to her husband to talk about her brother. Category:�family, inc moieties.

3�•�a woman says this to her brother to talk about her husband. Category:�family, inc moieties. Anth: A man can use arranamanyjilina to reply to his sister. arranamanyjilina is the same but used by a female speaker.

kurrinymanypun��tv. this word is used between spouses. My sister who is your ngawiny. See:�arrimanypun�‘Used between spouses so we are not talking about close ngawiny or kayu but more distant ones’; arrinymanypun�‘Used between spouses so we are not talking about close ngawiny or larla’; kurrinymanypun�‘This word is used between spouses’. Category:�family, inc moieties.

Kurrku minjilang��noun. Gooseberry: an annual herb with a yellow berry that is eaten. Physalis minima. Variant:�Iwaidja: Mukul minjilang. See:�Minjilang�‘Croker Island township’. Category:�Small plants.

kurrkurrki��noun. jungle fowl. Category:�Large birds. Anth: named after its call

kurrmala��noun. hermit crab. Anth: Can be eaten and also used as bait. Category:�Crustaceans.

kurrok kurrok��ideophone. pelican call and/or ideophone for flying. Kurrok kurrok marrmarr karrkaj Jurrta. ‘'Kurrok kurrok' I like the island at Jurrta.’ Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kurrpung��noun. head lice (generic term). See:�imilirr�‘head lice eggs’; martajan�‘big head lice’; mulunymuluny�‘small head lice’; murrkurak�‘pubic lice’. Syn:�wulkpung. Category:�Insects, Discomfort and pain.

Kurrukurruk��noun. military seapike, bonito; frigate mackerel. Sphyraena putnamiae, Auxis spp.. See:�jirnumpu�‘Mackerels’; ngajapirn�‘Barracuda and possible Giant and Striped seapikes’. Category:�Mullets.

kurrula��noun. 1�•�sea, as a large body of water, in contrast to dry land worri or as a source of danger. Ja kurrula kinginka. ‘The sea is rumbling (i.e. can be heard at a distance).’ Kinimajpungkun, marnti kurruniwun. ‘The sea is rough and it might kill you.’ Nulatparlangkat. Like the big wave ja kurrula ja kilawurtinka. ‘The sea is strong, like big waves are coming in.’ See:�nuwulwurrula�‘a coastal dweller’. Category:�Water bodies.

2�•�sea, as a liquid. This gender form is more common than the masculine form. Masculine form is obligatory for referring to seawater separated from the sea as when it is carried in a bucket. Also used to refer to the condition of seawater: i.e. whether it is clear or murky. Ngungtijpun ta kurrula. ‘I fetch sea water.’ Tuka ta kurrula. Inyi kurrunta. ‘This is seawater. Don't drink it.’ Nukapa kapala kantaji kangurlgeny ta kurrula. ‘The boat's got a hole in it and sea water's coming it.’ Category:�Water bodies.

3�•�amniotic fluid. Category:�Secretions and substances.

kurrulagurrula��noun. small jelly fish species. Category:�Other fish terms. Anth: It stings but is not fatal.

kurrulawagen��noun. Sea animals, Seafood. See:�karlurri�‘land animals’. Category:�General.

kurrunmanypun��noun. this word is used between spouses so we are not talking about close ngawiny. My ngawiny who is your close larla or kayu. See:�arrimanypun; arrinymanypun�‘Used between spouses so we are not talking about close ngawiny or larla’; kurrinymanypun�‘This word is used between spouses’. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kurrunnyatpi��noun. this word is used when an atpaji relationship occurs between people. arrunnyatpi. See:�atpaji�‘skin name substitute’; kinnyatpi�‘have’. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kurrunnyurrun��noun. Emu berry. Grewia retusifolia. Variant:�Iwaidja: Kakurlkakurl. Syn:�kakurlkakurl. Category:�Dye and fibre plants, Plant food, Medicine. Anth: Used to treat diarrhoea. Preparation: peel off bark, break branches, boil bark and brances and drink liquid for diarrhoea. Found only in the wet season.

kurrunpartawkun kirrk��noun. step-daughter. Someone you call ngaya but who is not a close relative. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kurrurruk��ideophone. the action of putting a warm hand or foot on a person as part of warming ceremony. Aminangapa iwuwunyantung ja warranyngiw kurrurruk kurrurruk kurrurruk kurrurruk kurrurruk aminang. ‘They do that, they warm the baby (ideophone), that's what they do.’ Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kurrut��noun. red clay, red ochre. La kurrut inypulartpantiny. ‘And they painted her with red ochre.’ See:�karlwa�‘yellow clay’; kujurn�‘white clay’; kurut�‘colour that pandanus can be dyed’. Category:�Soil. Anth: Used for body paint.

kurrwilku��noun. Wobbegong. Eucrossorhinus dasypogon, Orectolobus wardi. See:�kalakkalak�‘banded wobblegong’. Category:�Sharks.

kurrwirlu��noun. Bush Stone Curlew. See:�kolawertwert�‘curlews and whimbrels’. Category:�Small birds.

kurrwirtu��noun. a big ngarnji cockle that has grown very big, over 5cm in width. Marcia hiantina. See:�ngarnji�‘Hiant Venus Clam’. Category:�Shellfish.

kurryarrwiny��noun. a man or woman says this to their spouse about their spouse's wirlupirlu or punyi. Anth: Hearer can reply with nuwutpuwong in some situations. See:�innyurawng�‘father-in-law to’; ngarrunuwatpa�‘said to a person to avoid mentioning their mother or father directly to them’. Category:�family, inc moieties. Note: Not triangular.

kutju��iv. you (plural) lie. See main entry: kiw.

kutpana��iv. you (plural) will go. See main entry: ke.

kuwi��coverb. beckon. Inimany kuwi iminy ngawu. ‘He beckoned to him, he told him to come.’ Category:�Non language human voice sounds.

kuwinu��noun. cloud, cloudy sky. Natatparlangkat ta kuwinu, kakurrin. ‘The clouds are moving very fast.’ See:�kunu�‘clear sky’; kalalk�‘clear weather, clear sky’; apijpirr�‘clear sky’; kijpulgi�‘high cloud with rippled appearance, as often seen in sandbars’; warriwawan�‘funnel cloud over the ocean’; nguljirr�‘bad weather approaching’; nyinkurr�‘approaching rain cloud’. Category:�Sky.

kuwuji��noun. type of larla/kayu/mawij who shares a punyi with speaker but not the same kamu. So ideally the referent is of same moiety but different totem. If relations are not all straight, the referent may not be of the same moiety as speaker. Usage:�Used for term of address or reference. Anth: Reciprocal See:�nawulungarru�‘spoken between people who share a punyi but not a kamu to refer to their punyis’; arrimanypun; arrinymanypun; kayu; larla; mawij; ngalulungarru�‘spoken between people who share a punyi but not a kamu to refer to their linking relatives’. Category:�family, inc moieties. Note: not triangular, not verbal

kuyagaru��noun. 'my mawawiny who is your wiwi', poison cousins talking about each other to the set of siblings that link them. Anth: Hearer replies using namurlu or ngalmurlu depending on the gender of the person they are talking about. See:�ngalmurlu�‘my wiwi who is your mawawiny, (poison cousin)’; namurlu�‘my wiwi who is your mawawiny (poison cousin)’; mawawiny. Category:�family, inc moieties.

kuyak��crossreference. See:�wuyak�‘sickness’.

kuyuk��coverb. look down, for example to avoid staring impolitely at someone approaching, or because one is sleepy. And nukapa ja jara kiwani kuyuk ngurrij ‘And this other one is feeling sleepy.’ Nuyi kanpunayan, kunpayan la kanmit kuyuk ‘They'll look at you. They look at you and you bow your head (in shame).’ Category:�Remain stationary.

kuywala��noun. Cowtail Stingray. Pastinachus sephen. See:�yagaru�‘stingrays and rays (generic)’. Category:�Rays. Anth: This is black. It has a flat tail with one sting. It is regarded as good food.